Tribunal Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia

Page 2282

 1                           Monday, 16 March 2009

 2                           [Open session]

 3                           [The accused entered court]

 4                           --- Upon commencing at 9.02 a.m.

 5             JUDGE PARKER:  Mr. -- good morning.

 6             Mr. Stamp, I understand you have a matter to raise.

 7             MR. STAMP:  Good morning, Your Honours.  The next witness is

 8     Ms. Nazalie Bala in relation to the allegations regarding Pristina

 9     events.  However, Your Honour, due to scheduling difficulties she will be

10     the only witness we have available today because of the late arrival of

11     some witnesses.  I -- it might well be that she may use up the entire day

12     because she is scheduled to be one hour in chief; however, it is possible

13     that there might be a part of the day when we have -- don't have a

14     witness to follow her.  Her evidence will be taken by Mr. Eliott Behar.

15     Thank you very much, Your Honour.

16             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you.  We will see how the day progresses.

17             The witness could be brought in.

18                           [The witness entered court]

19             JUDGE PARKER:  Good morning.

20             THE WITNESS:  Good morning.

21             JUDGE PARKER:  Would you please read aloud the affirmation on the

22     card that is shown to you now.

23             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I solemnly declare that I will

24     speak the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.

25                           WITNESS:  NAZALIE BALA

Page 2283

 1                           [Witness answered through interpreter]

 2             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much.  Now please sit down.

 3             Mr. Behar has some questions for you.

 4             MR. BEHAR:  Yes.  Thank you, Your Honours.

 5                           Examination by Mr. Behar:

 6        Q.   Good morning, Ms. Bala.  Can you please state your full name and

 7     date of birth for the record.

 8        A.   Nazalie Bala.  I was born on the 17th of May, 1967.

 9        Q.   Ms. Bala, I understand that in 1989 you began working in human

10     rights employed as a field researcher for the Council For Defence of

11     Human Rights and Freedoms in Pristina; is that correct?

12        A.   Yes, that's correct.  From 1989 to 1997 I worked as a researcher,

13     field researcher, for human rights, yes.

14        Q.   And I also understand that in November of 1998 you began working

15     for the OSCE, the Organisation For Security and Cooperation in Europe,

16     also in human rights?

17        A.   Yes, correct.

18        Q.   Can you tell us briefly what kind of work you're currently doing?

19        A.   Presently I work as a project manager in the United Nations

20     development organisation.

21        Q.   And I also understand that you have a master's degree in

22     international diplomacy and relations; is that correct?

23        A.   Yes, I have an MA in international relations and diplomacy.

24        Q.   Thank you.  Ms. Bala, do you recall providing a statement to the

25     Office of the Prosecutor on the 30th of June, 2001?

Page 2284

 1        A.   Yes, I do remember.

 2        Q.   I understand that you also provided an addendum to that statement

 3     on the 16th of August, 2006; is that correct?

 4        A.   Yes, correct.

 5        Q.   Have you had the opportunity to read that statement and that

 6     addendum before coming to court today?

 7        A.   Yes.

 8        Q.   And are you satisfied that the information contained in those

 9     documents is true and accurate to the best of your knowledge and belief?

10        A.   Yes.

11             MR. BEHAR:  Your Honours, I would seek to tender that statement

12     and the addendum that's 65 ter number 02262, and that -- I can indicate

13     that the statement and the addendum are included together in that same

14     package.

15             JUDGE PARKER:  It will be received.

16             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be P00420, Your Honours.

17             MR. BEHAR:

18        Q.   Ms. Bala, did you testify at the Milutinovic trial on the

19     22nd and 23rd of August, 2006?

20        A.   Yes, I was invited as a witness in the Milutinovic trial, and I

21     gave a statement for that trial as well.

22        Q.   And have you also had a chance to review the transcript of your

23     testimony in that trial?

24        A.   Yes.

25        Q.   Does that transcript accurately reflect your evidence and would

Page 2285

 1     you testify to the same facts today?

 2        A.   Yes, of course.  I would testify the same things today, yes.

 3             MR. BEHAR:  Your Honours, I would seek to tender 65 ter 05188,

 4     the transcript of the witness's testimony from Milutinovic.

 5             JUDGE PARKER:  It will be received.

 6             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be P00421, Your Honours.

 7             MR. BEHAR:  I would just ask if the usher could please provide

 8     the witness with a copy of her statement.  We'll be referring to it in

 9     court.

10             While that's being done I can provide a brief summary of

11     Ms. Bala's evidence.

12                           [Prosecution counsel confer]

13             MR. BEHAR:  I can indicate, Your Honours, that Ms. Bala's

14     evidence will relate to paragraph 72(g), 73, and 77 of the indictment,

15     and I will provide that summary now.

16             Ms. Bala is a Kosovar Albanian who resided in Pristina.

17     Beginning on the 24th of March, 1999, she made a number of observations

18     of Pristina and the neighbourhoods surrounding her from the roof of her

19     building.  She observed that on the 26th of March, 1999, all roads

20     leading in and out of Pristina were blocked; and VJ, MUP, and Serb

21     civilians were manning barbed wire blockades.  Overnight in the following

22     days Serb forces and civilians started destroying Albanian houses and

23     shops, forcing people out of their homes, and firing on civilians.  There

24     were 100 people seeking refuge in her house by the time she was forced to

25     leave on the 29th of March, 1999.  She was made to leave her house and

Page 2286

 1     join a convoy of people in the thousands walking to the centre of

 2     Pristina.  The roads were lined with Serb forces and civilians who had

 3     their guns pointed at the convoy.  They separated the men from the group

 4     and robbed them.  The convoy went to the train station and was surrounded

 5     there by police.  Ms. Bala boarded an overcrowded train that headed in

 6     the direction of Kosovo Polje.  As the train travelled, the track was

 7     lined with VJ and MUP pointing their weapons at the train and yelling

 8     ethnic insults.  When they arrived at the border in Djeneral Jankovic,

 9     they were all told to get off the train and walk towards Macedonia and to

10     walk in the middle of the railway tracks because there were mines on

11     either side.  She was eventually placed on a bus going in the direction

12     of Ohrid, Macedonia.

13             THE INTERPRETER:  Could counsel kindly slow down while reading,

14     thank you.

15             MR. BEHAR:

16        Q.   Ms. Bala, I will have a few questions for you in order to clarify

17     certain matters.  You describe in your statement, and this is on page 2

18     of the statement, in the last paragraph on that page that the 24th

19     and 25th of March, 1999, was when NATO commenced bombing Kosovo,

20     including Pristina; and you explain that there were 25 people in your

21     house that night and that by the time you left, several days later, there

22     were about 100 people in your house.  Can you explain to us who those

23     people were and how they came to be at your house?

24        A.   Starting from the 20th of March, 1999, to 29th of March, 1999, I

25     was in Prishtina.  Because of the nature of my work, I was used to

Page 2287

 1     observing what was happening, so I visited several parts of Prishtina

 2     where we were in a very rigid siege by the Serb forces, both police and

 3     army forces.  In the beginning, there were about 25 members -- family

 4     members in my house, while when we left there were about a hundred of us

 5     that left together.  In the beginning we were just the family, members of

 6     my family with whom I lived all my life, while later on relatives came

 7     from villages around Prishtina because they were expelled from their

 8     homes, and they were afraid of the Serbian forces.

 9        Q.   Thank you.  Can you tell us where these homes were that people

10     were coming from.

11        A.   These people lived in Dragodan, Vranjevc, Kolovica, the hospital

12     neighbourhood, Sofali, and Taslixhe, these are all areas around Prishtina

13     or in Prishtina.

14        Q.   And how is it that they ended up coming to your house and, if you

15     know, how did they get to your house?

16        A.   Well, how they came to my house, this would be a very direct

17     answer:  They came to my house because of the bombing, of the repression,

18     of the shelling, the looting, and the killings committed by the Serb

19     forces, both police and military because I don't think those people would

20     like to leave their houses, they just were forced to.

21        Q.   Thank you.  And I'd like to ask as well about some of the direct

22     observations that you described making in Pristina over this time-period.

23     You describe making a number of observations from the top-storey terrace

24     of your house.  Can you describe where your house was located in

25     Pristina?

Page 2288

 1        A.   My house is still in the same part of Prishtina, in the old town,

 2     close to the market.  It is a house from where you can see the whole of

 3     the town, the Vranjevc hill.  You can see Dragodan from there, new

 4     Kolovica, and in the part behind the house you can see Taslixhe.  It's a

 5     two-storey -- it's a five-storey house.  There is a cellar and there are

 6     storeys above the ground.  The house does not have a roof.  It is a

 7     terraced roof, it's flat, so I could go there and observe all the parts

 8     of Prishtina that I mentioned.

 9        Q.   I'm going to show you a map.

10             MR. BEHAR:  Can the usher please bring up 65 ter number 00013.

11     And as well, if the witness could be provided with a pen so she can make

12     some markings on the screen.

13        Q.   In your statement you make reference to observations of Dragodan,

14     Vranjevc, Kolovica, Taslixhe.  Are you able to indicate what directions

15     those would be on the map and mark them as well -- in fact, I'll just

16     stop you.  Before we do that perhaps you can first mark the location of

17     your house on the map.

18        A.   Can you please zoom it in a little bit because I don't have my

19     glasses with me.

20             MR. BEHAR:  If we can just zoom in more on the top part, if

21     possible.

22             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] My house is about here.

23             MR. BEHAR:

24        Q.   And as I was starting to mention earlier, can you indicate where

25     on that map - and I know that these places may not directly be on the

Page 2289

 1     map - but if you can indicate what directions Dragodan, Vranjevc,

 2     Kolovica, and Taslixhe would be.

 3        A.   Dragodan is here, together with a cemetery which links Dragodan

 4     and Vranjevc.  Vranjevc is here --

 5        Q.   Are you able to write Vranjevc as well.

 6        A.   Kolovica is here, Taslixhe is here, and a small neighbourhood

 7     here which is called Sofali.

 8        Q.   Thank you.  And can you tell us what the terrain was like around

 9     your house and the surrounding areas.  What I mean by that was, Was this

10     a flat area or were any of the areas elevated by hills and valleys?

11        A.   The part where my house is is not mountainous, it's a flat area;

12     however, you can see very well towards the north-east, west, and south,

13     because these areas are easily seen from my house.  From my house you

14     could see straight to the Vranjevc hill, Dragodan hill, and Taslixhe

15     area.  Visibility was really good around the house.  For me it was

16     impossible to observe what was happening inside the town, in the centre,

17     because of the buildings.  It's a built-up area and there are tall

18     buildings that did not allow me to see what was happening there.

19        Q.   Thank you.  I understand from your statement that you were also

20     able to use night-vision goggles.  Can you explain how you ended up

21     obtaining night-vision goggles.

22        A.   When the OSCE mission left Kosova, the international staff were

23     allowed to take only 20 kilogrammes in their luggage.  Myself and many of

24     my colleagues took some of their belongings in our homes.  At that time I

25     took my boss to the office of OSCE in Dragodan, behind the American

Page 2290

 1     office.  There were things there in her luggage and her luggage was in

 2     my -- in the boot of my car.  The binoculars, the night-vision binoculars

 3     were in her luggage, and they were in my possession at the time when she

 4     left.

 5        Q.   Thank you.  With respect to the events of the

 6     26th of March, 1999, you describe in your statement - and this is on

 7     page 3 in the first paragraph - that you observed the roads in and out of

 8     Pristina were blocked by blockades and that the Albanians were denied any

 9     movement.  Can you tell us who was manning those blockades?

10        A.   I also mentioned earlier that it was a siege.  Every point of

11     entrance and exit to Prishtina was blocked.  All the crossroads as well

12     were encircled by the police and the army, the Serbian police and army.

13     The parts of Prishtina that linked the outskirts with the centre were

14     also encircled by the Serb military and police forces.  So they had under

15     control everything, every movement in Prishtina.  I saw this personally

16     because I travelled by car from one place to another in Prishtina, and

17     sometimes I also walked to different places in order to see what was

18     going on inside Prishtina.

19        Q.   So again, just very briefly and to be clear, who was manning the

20     blockades then that you saw?

21        A.   The police, the Serbian police; the Serb army; Serbian civilians,

22     half uniformed, some of them had police jackets and civilian trousers;

23     paramilitaries who were wearing uniforms that I saw for the first time

24     then.  They had bandannas on their heads, they had painted faces,

25     different tattoos on their bodies.

Page 2291

 1        Q.   Thank you.  In your statement as well - this is in the third

 2     paragraph at page 3 - you describe that a man named Latif Sulejmani

 3     explained getting to you by crossing three check-points.  Can I ask:  Did

 4     you observe those check-points yourself?

 5        A.   Yes, I saw the check-points myself because I worked in Dragodan,

 6     I worked in RC Prishtina, which is behind former American office.  The

 7     check-point was right at the American office; the second check-point was

 8     at the Dragodan bridge; the third one was in Tophane, which links the old

 9     part and the new part of the town.

10        Q.   Could you mark that on the map, please, and perhaps next to each

11     one you could put the number you've referred to.

12        A.   The first check-point was here, the second was here at the

13     bridge, the third one somewhere here, which links the new part and the

14     old parts of town.

15        Q.   Thank you.

16             MR. BEHAR:  Your Honours, I would now seek to tender that map

17     into evidence.

18             JUDGE PARKER:  It will be received.

19             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be P00422, Your Honours.

20             MR. BEHAR:

21        Q.   With respect then, Ms. Bala, to the events of the

22     29th of March, 1999, you describe in your statement at page 4 that a

23     VJ officer and a gypsy came to your house and told all of you to leave

24     within five minutes.  You also explain that those two Serbs would be

25     followed up or those two people would be followed up by a group of

Page 2292

 1     mobilised personnel who would beat or kill anyone remaining in the house.

 2     Can you explain to us how you knew that or why you say that?

 3        A.   That afternoon, it was around 4.00 or 5.00 p.m., two people came

 4     to our door.  They ordered us to leave the house in five minutes, and we

 5     went outside.  We joined the convoy of people that was in the street,

 6     and, meanwhile, another group came to see where the people -- see whether

 7     the people had left their houses or not.  Those who had not left their

 8     houses were beaten and ill treated and even killed.

 9             A neighbour of mine who was about 70 years old and his wife, they

10     both refused to leave the house.  We were in the neighbourhood.  It was a

11     large group of people, a large convoy trying to leave, and the Serb

12     forces came and they began to beat them up.  You could hear the

13     70-year-old man screaming, and we were in the street, and we were not

14     able to go and help them; but we could hear, Please don't, please stop.

15     We could hear that.

16             Later on we continued, and we could not learn what happened to

17     our neighbours.  We met them in Ohrid later on, but this man died because

18     of what he had suffered at their hands.

19        Q.   Can you tell us who were in this second group of personnel?  In

20     other words, whether -- who was it made up of?  Did you recognise any of

21     the people or any of the uniforms?

22        A.   One of them was my neighbour.  He used to work as a traffic

23     policeman.  His name was Ivica.  He lived just two neighbourhoods away

24     from the part where I lived.  However, the other persons forming the

25     second group were not familiar to me.  I didn't know any other of them.

Page 2293

 1     They would go into two groups.  The first group would order people to

 2     leave their houses, and the second group would carry out the

 3     verification.  They would check whether the people left or stayed.  If

 4     they found someone who refused to leave, who was still in his or her

 5     house, then they would exercise brutality on them.

 6        Q.   And were people in the second group of personnel that you

 7     described wearing uniforms?

 8        A.   The personnel from the second group was dressed in uniforms,

 9     military, police uniforms.  There were people who had been mobilised but

10     also who were wearing civilian clothes.  So it was a mixed group.  They

11     were scattered in different parts of the neighbourhood.  For example,

12     they would come as a group as far as the beginning of the neighbourhood.

13     Once they reached the neighbourhood, they will go in smaller groups to

14     check the houses, whether people had left or not.

15        Q.   Thank you.  You also explain in the next paragraph that you left

16     your house and you joined a large group of people walking towards the

17     centre of Pristina.  Can you describe this group; in other words, how

18     many people were walking on the streets?

19        A.   As I said earlier, when we left our houses we were --

20             THE INTERPRETER:  Correction.

21             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] -- when we left the house, we were

22     about 100 people.  Once on the street we saw our neighbours who were more

23     or less in the same numbers, in the same situation.  They also had people

24     who had come from different parts of Prishtina and the surrounding

25     villages to their houses, who had fled from those areas and sought

Page 2294

 1     shelter in their houses.  Thousands and thousands of Albanians were

 2     walking on the main streets, and they were directed by them to go to the

 3     main station in Prishtina.

 4        Q.   Now, you've said "them."  Can you explain who "them" was, who was

 5     directing you to the centre?

 6        A.   When I say "them," it always refers to the Serb forces.  This is

 7     how we identified them.  When we refer to the Serb forces, that is,

 8     police, army, paramilitaries, and mobilised Serbs, and those who had

 9     joined the police and Serb forces.  While we were walking along the

10     Prishtina roads, on both sides of the road, we were escorted by the Serb

11     police and army.  They had their weapons directed at the population.  We

12     were under strict control.  We dared not to look on the sides or behind

13     or in front to see what was going on with the other part of the convoy.

14             In the front part of the convoy - and this was a long, long

15     convoy - you could see how people were separated from their families and

16     taken away from the convoy, you could see how people were being looted

17     and beaten there on the streets.  Just a detail that I will never forgot

18     as long as I live:  A handicapped person, an old man who was being pushed

19     in a wheelchair - I don't remember now exactly whether it was a policeman

20     or a soldier - ordered his son to leave the wheelchair behind, to leave

21     his father or grandfather, the disabled person, behind and to proceed

22     without him.  We passed that part where they ordered this young man to

23     leave the wheelchair behind, and about 10 metres further we just heard a

24     gun-shot.  There was no movement or scream afterwards.  We couldn't know

25     what happened to that disabled person.  We just had to proceed in the

Page 2295

 1     direction of the station.

 2             In addition to the main forces who controlled our movements,

 3     there was pressure from the civilian Serb population that had come out on

 4     the streets, on both sides of the streets, and on their balconies because

 5     we were walking along an area that had buildings on both sides.  They

 6     would throw different things on us such as vases, bottles, metal items;

 7     and they were shouting at us and at the forces telling them, Kill them

 8     all.  Let them remember what happened in Bosnia.  Let them know what

 9     Serbia is.  Let them know whose Kosova is.  And used offensive language

10     at us.  So this is how we were escorted up to the train station, under

11     strict control by the Serb police and army forces, and by the damages and

12     offences suffered from the civilian population, Serb civilian population.

13     And the police didn't even stop them in throwing things from their

14     balconies, didn't even tell them that that was not something good to do.

15        Q.   You also describe in your statement arriving at the railway

16     station at noon, and you described there being thousands of people

17     waiting to get on the train.  You also describe being surrounded by

18     police who you recognised as police from the Dragodan region.  How did

19     you know that they were from Dragodan?

20        A.   I knew they were policemen from Dragodan because my office was at

21     Dragodan.  It was called RC, regional centre, Prishtina at the time.  So

22     every second or third day on the way to or from the office it was

23     impossible to pass without being stopped at the check-point by the

24     policemen.  They were carrying out their role as traffic policemen at the

25     time.

Page 2296

 1        Q.   Now, you describe in your statement the train arriving at the

 2     station, and you described there being about 30 passenger cars attached

 3     to the engine.  Can you tell us, was anyone guarding the train?

 4        A.   When we arrived at the train station, it seemed to me as if the

 5     entire population of Prishtina was there, children, youth, women,

 6     elderly, tired, scared, traumatised, exhausted, people who had spent even

 7     a night there at the train station.  We joined this crowd of people and

 8     waited until they brought the train at around 5.00 p.m., as far as I

 9     remember.  It was a train consisting of about 30 passenger cars.  The

10     rear part --

11             THE INTERPRETER:  Correction.

12             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] -- the part behind the train was a

13     hilly part, and there was a large group of policemen who were observing

14     the flat part; and the part behind us was also under the control of the

15     Serb police forces.  We were ordered to board the train, to get on the

16     train.  You can imagine how big is the space or how small, rather, is the

17     space in the passenger cars.  We were forced to actually put our children

18     in the compartments for the luggage because there was no space in there.

19     We were about 50 persons per carriage, and even today we -- when we speak

20     with people about this we cannot help it but surprise -- get surprised

21     how they could put all of us in such a small space where none of us could

22     move left or right.  The doors and the windows of the train were shut,

23     and this is how the train proceeded its route to Fushe Kosove.

24        Q.   Thank you.  Just a couple of questions to clarify.  You mentioned

25     50 persons per carriage, that's how it was interpreted.  Can you explain

Page 2297

 1     what you mean by "carriage," where the 50 persons were that you

 2     described.

 3        A.   Compartment, maybe it's a language issue, difference between

 4     Albanian and English.  One compartment can have one or two -- one

 5     carriage can have one or two compartments.  I'm speaking about one

 6     compartment where about 50 persons were placed, not a carriage.  Maybe a

 7     carriage at the time could take about 200 people.  There were also

 8     corridors that were full.  There were children also in those parts of

 9     corridors where you can put your luggage.  It was impossible to -- for

10     the adults to keep or hold their children with them because it was very

11     difficult to breathe in that area.

12        Q.   Thank you.

13             MR. BEHAR:  If I could have Exhibit 00001, that's the Times map

14     of the western Balkans.

15        Q.   Now, Ms. Bala, while we're waiting for the map, I can indicate

16     that I'm just going to ask you if you can indicate the route that your

17     train took on this map.  And perhaps after each place that you mention,

18     you can stop; and I may have a question or two before we move on.

19             MR. BEHAR:  If we could just have that zoomed in on the area

20     between Pristina and the Macedonia border.  Perhaps just higher up as

21     well if possible.  That's great.  Thank you.

22        Q.   So we know that you left from Pristina.  Can you indicate where

23     you went from there?

24        A.   This is Prishtina, and from here the train travelled in the

25     direction of Fushe Kosove, where it stopped, from Prishtina to

Page 2298

 1     Fushe Kosove.  During this part of the journey, especially when we

 2     entered Fushe Kosove, we saw houses that had been burnt and destroyed.

 3     In Fushe Kosove we saw bodies that had been burnt or half burnt, people

 4     that had been killed and their bodies lying there on the streets.  At

 5     Fushe Kosove the train stopped, and we were faced with horror.  We were

 6     scared.  People with masks, without masks, with painted faces, police

 7     forces, military forces, mobilised people, civilians, all of them armed

 8     with their guns directed at us on both sides, meaning from the right and

 9     from the left of the train.  The children were crying and screaming in

10     the train.  They were not aware of what was going on.

11             From outside we were threatened by them.  They would say that if

12     they hear a single cry, a single scream from the children they will come

13     up in the train and kill us.  They would say they were going to execute

14     us, that they would take us to a factory, to another place, and that they

15     will suffer an even worse fate than that of the Bosnians in Srebrenica.

16     Then the train proceeded to Lipjan from Fushe Kosove --

17        Q.   Okay, sorry, I'll just stop you there.  So the train -- and we

18     may need to go through just a little more quickly as we're somewhat short

19     of time.  If you can indicate then where the train went from there and

20     simply whether or not it stopped at the next location.

21        A.   From Fushe Kosove the train proceeded to Lipjan; from there to

22     Ferizaj; and from Ferizaj to Hani i Elezet, or the border with Macedonia,

23     that is near the cement factory at Hani i Elezet.

24        Q.   Thank you.

25             MR. BEHAR:  Your Honours, I would seek to tender that map as an

Page 2299

 1     exhibit, please.

 2             JUDGE PARKER:  It will be received.

 3             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be P00423, Your Honours.

 4             MR. BEHAR:

 5        Q.   In your statement - and this is on the fourth page in the second

 6     paragraph, you describe that the train arrived in front of a cement

 7     factory at Hani i Elezet at about 8.00 p.m., and you clarify in your

 8     addendum that that was at 10.00 p.m.  Can you tell us what happened after

 9     you were told to get off the train?

10        A.   After we arrived at Hani i Elezet near this cement factory, the

11     train stopped.  We were encircled by the Serb forces, that is, there were

12     Serb police and military forces on both sides of the train with their

13     guns directed at the Albanian population on the train.  We were

14     immediately told to get off the train, all of us, and they then asked us

15     to provide them with our ID cards.  Myself and my family were in the

16     front part of the train, maybe in the third or fourth compartment.  So

17     when they told us to produce our IDs, I saw that they realised that there

18     were far too many people, and they stopped asking for these IDs.  I could

19     see the first group of them who asked for the ID cards.  And as soon as

20     they had the ID cards in their hands they would tear them and throw them

21     away.

22             When I would look back just to see how many of us were there, I

23     could also see how people, mainly men, were separated from their

24     families.  I saw cases of looting when they took away everything that the

25     civilian population had on them.  Personally I can speak of my own

Page 2300

 1     family.  We didn't have anything on us except for a bottle for the

 2     2-year-old because we were not allowed to take anything with us.  So when

 3     we left, not even clothes for the children.  They would take away

 4     everything -- anything they could find on you.  They then told us to form

 5     a line of two.  They told us to walk on the rails -- on the tracks and

 6     proceed towards Macedonia.

 7             When we were told to form this line of two, they told us not to

 8     leave the tracks because both sides were mined.  This is how we walked

 9     towards Macedonia, on rail tracks and in a minefield.

10        Q.   You then describe arriving at the grain yard, in other words, at

11     the end of your walk.  Did you meet or speak with other people once you

12     were there?

13        A.   There were other people there at the meadow, at that field in

14     Blace; people who had been waiting for a week to cross the border with

15     Macedonia; people who had previously gone through looting, beating,

16     horror; people who had been stripped of everything they had, vehicles,

17     money, valuables, personal belongings, and who had been forced to leave

18     their homes and cross the border to Macedonia; people who had spent

19     almost a week in the no man's land between Macedonia and Kosovo.  Not

20     only those who arrived there on train, but people who had arrived there

21     from the area near the border, Kacanik and Ferizaj area, that is.

22        Q.   And can you tell us where you went from the border?

23        A.   When we arrived at the border, which we called Blace, a week --

24     approximately a week later, a humanitarian catastrophe began known to the

25     whole world.  In the beginning we were told that we would be taken to

Page 2301

 1     Ohrid --

 2        Q.   I'll just stop you before we continue.  I want to be careful

 3     about going into too much hearsay, but if you can just describe very

 4     briefly where you went once you left the border region and how you got

 5     there.

 6        A.   From the border we went to Gostivar, to Negotin village in

 7     Gostivar area.

 8        Q.   Thank you.  And Gostivar, I understand it -- I see the map that

 9     is up as well, am I correct that that's in Macedonia?

10        A.   Yes, that's in Macedonia.

11        Q.   I don't need you to mark it at this time.  Can you tell us what

12     was your status in Macedonia when you arrived there?

13        A.   A status of a refugee as all others.

14        Q.   Thank you, Ms. Bala.  Those are my questions.

15             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much, Mr. Behar.

16             Mr. Djurdjic, do you have cross-examination?  Thank you.

17             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.

18                           Cross-examination by Mr. Djurdjic:

19        Q.   [Interpretation] Ms. Bala, my name is Veljko Djurdjic.  I'm a

20     member of the Djordjevic Defence team.  My associate, Marie O'Leary, is

21     assisting me today; she's a member of our team.  Mr. Dragoljub Djordjevic

22     is away today because he is busy preparing our Defence case.

23             I have a number of questions for you, Madam.  First of all,

24     there's something that I have observed in your evidence today.  There are

25     a number of things that you never said before.  The first thing is about

Page 2302

 1     you personally going to a number of check-points that you saw in town.

 2     When you were on your way to work in Dragodan they stopped you because

 3     that's where your office was.  Can you please tell us why you never

 4     stated this before.  You have provided a number of statements, in 1999,

 5     in 2001, in 2006, and then in the Milutinovic trial.  Why have you never

 6     stated this before, Madam?

 7        A.   The question was asked here whether I knew these policemen, which

 8     area they were from, and my answer was I knew these policemen because

 9     when I worked for the OSCE, when I walked or went through that area,

10     especially at the Dragodan bridge, we were stopped and we were asked to

11     produce our IDs and licence.  Before I was not asked that question.

12     Today that question was asked of me, and I answered it.

13        Q.   Thank you.  So far you've been saying that you were told this by

14     some other people, yet today you are presenting this to us as your own

15     personal experience.

16        A.   If you read my statement more carefully, you will see that there

17     are two explanations.  The first one is about before the 26th of March,

18     where the Sulejmani family, Latif and Nexhmedin Sulejmani came to my

19     house and told us what was going on in Dragodan and who had stopped them

20     where.  While in the statement I made today and in my testimony today, I

21     explained how I was stopped by these policemen.  And the question was

22     asked of me, How did you know -- or did I know these policemen.  And I

23     said that, yes, I had seen them before.  These were policemen who had

24     been working in that area.

25             And one other small detail:  The police command in Prishtina was

Page 2303

 1     divided into separate areas.  The Dragodan, the Germi, the Vranjevc, and

 2     other areas.  And the Dragodan area was under the control of the Dragodan

 3     police.  The Vranjevc area where the police station is still there today

 4     was controlled by those forces there --

 5        Q.   Thank you, Madam Bala.  That's not what my question was about.

 6     Could you perhaps please tell me, since you know those two police

 7     officers, what their names were?

 8        A.   I gave just one name, Ivica.  This was a traffic policeman.  I

 9     did not give the name of the other policeman.  Ivica was together with a

10     group of other police when they forced us out of our homes.

11        Q.   Madam, I'm asking you about the two policemen you knew who worked

12     in Dragodan, the ones you mentioned for the very first time today, near

13     your own work-place.  I see five, that's where it was.  I'm asking you

14     about those two policemen, and we'll be returning to Ivica later on.

15        A.   I don't know the names of the policemen in Dragodan.  I know them

16     by their appearance.  If I see them today I could point them out, yes,

17     but their names I didn't know.

18        Q.   Thank you.  You have never before used the term "paramilitary" in

19     any of your statements.  This is the very first time you've used it.

20     What exactly do you mean when you say "paramilitary," please?

21        A.   It's not true that I have not mentioned that earlier.  If you

22     read my statement, it has been used several times.  This is -- by

23     "paramilitaries," I mean non-regular forces.  I've seen regular army

24     before and I had seen them even as a child.  I know what they are.  The

25     paramilitary forces in Prishtina were numerous, people in uniform, dark

Page 2304

 1     or black uniforms, their emblems were not army emblems, with flags that

 2     had skulls and a cross on the skulls.  Then these were people that had

 3     painted faces, beards, long hair, with very irregular appearance which is

 4     not suitable for a regular military formation.

 5        Q.   Ms. Bala, today is the first time you mention those persons

 6     wearing masks and also persons with their face painted.  I've read

 7     carefully through all of your statements, and I've never come across

 8     these references before.  Never mind.  Let us please move on.

 9             Ms. Bala, you talk about Lapi, Street number 30, Pristina, that

10     route?

11        A.   I don't understand the question.  If you could clarify it,

12     please, for me.  I don't understand.

13        Q.   I'm asking you, Is it true that your family home in Pristina is

14     at Lapi Street number 30 in Pristina?

15        A.   No, that's, that's wrong.  It's a mistake.  I don't know where

16     you got this information, Ulpiana street.  My address is Llapi Street,

17     number 30.

18             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I never mentioned

19     Ulpiana Street.  I look at the transcript --

20             JUDGE PARKER:  There seems to be some possible interpretation

21     problem or a misspeaking.  Will you please repeat your original question

22     to which you want an answer, please, Mr. Djurdjic.

23             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] My question was about Lapi Street,

24     number 30, in Pristina.  Was their family home always there?

25             JUDGE PARKER:  And your answer, please, Ms. Bala.

Page 2305

 1             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Before the NATO bombing and the

 2     beginning of the war, we lived in Triglav street.  Today it's called

 3     Enver Berisha Street.  In the beginning of January 1998, we moved into

 4     number 30, Llapi Street, and we still live there.

 5             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation]

 6        Q.   Thank you.

 7             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] 65 ter document 00013, can we

 8     please have that brought up on our screens.  Thank you.  My associate

 9     tells me this is P422, yes, that's MFI'd and the one that I need is

10     P00013, which is unmarked.  Thank you.

11        Q.   Ms. Bala, could you please use this map and mark the location of

12     your house.  We have a new unmarked map now.

13        A.   This is not a map containing all the streets, so I will only be

14     approximate here.  My house is about here, because the green market is

15     very close to where I live.

16        Q.   Thank you.  Would you please mark the railway station.

17        A.   Yes, approximately.  Just a second, please.  Here.

18        Q.   Thank you.  There's something I'd like to ask you.  What about

19     Lapi Street, was it once called Sejdo Bajramovic Street?

20        A.   No, never.  Llapi street was never Sejdo Bajramovic Street, it

21     was always Llapi Street, while the Triglav Street that I mentioned

22     earlier and later after the independence of Kosovo, the Triglav Street

23     was called Sejdo Bajramovic.  The Llapi road has never been called that,

24     though.

25        Q.   Thank you.  Could you mark the house, please, or rather, where

Page 2306

 1     you marked your present home could you put a 1 there, please.

 2        A.   Right here in the middle.

 3        Q.   Number 2 next to the railway station.  Thank you.

 4        A.   [Marks]

 5        Q.   Thank you.  And the previous house in which you lived before you

 6     moved to this new location, where was that one?

 7        A.   Right here.

 8        Q.   Thank you.  Put a number 3 there, please.

 9        A.   [Marks]

10        Q.   Thank you.  Who were you living with in this new house in 1999?

11        A.   With my parents, two brothers, their wives, their children, and

12     myself.

13        Q.   Thank you.  What age were your brothers?

14        A.   My oldest brother is now 50, second brother is 45.

15        Q.   Thank you.  What exactly did they do for a living back in 1999?

16        A.   The eldest brother was a taxi-driver, the second brother worked

17     as a driver with the OSCE.

18        Q.   Thank you.  Was your father working at the time too?

19        A.   No, he had retired.

20        Q.   Thank you.  When did he retire?

21        A.   In 1990/1991, that period.

22        Q.   Thank you.  Was he receiving his pension?

23        A.   Until December 1998.

24        Q.   Thank you.  Did you not know that in 1999 and throughout the war

25     all of the retired people in Pristina continued to receive their

Page 2307

 1     pensions?

 2        A.   I would be curious to know where did you get the addresses to

 3     send the pensions to because the pensioners were in Albania, in

 4     Macedonia, or in the mountains.  Where did you send them to?  I would be

 5     curious to know.  Yes, the pensions were paid to the Serbs, to the

 6     Bosnians, and the Roma who were living in Kosova at the time, but not to

 7     the Albanians.  There were over a million people who were expelled, who

 8     were in refugee camps.  I don't know if you have any information about

 9     addresses where these pensions were sent to.

10        Q.   I don't know.  If you'd been listening to my questions more

11     closely you would have heard me suggest that I was talking about those in

12     Pristina who had registered addresses there, they were receiving their

13     pensions.  I don't believe your father necessarily informed any state

14     bodies about his whereabouts.  And what about the war, were any remaining

15     and still outstanding salaries eventually paid to him?

16        A.   Not only my father, but no other pensioner, Albanian pensioner,

17     in Kosova received their pensions after December 1998.  The pensioners'

18     fund that existed before 1998 and after that, it was kept in Serbia.  It

19     was not given to people, to the Albanian people in Kosova.  The Serbs,

20     the Bosnians, and the Roma in Pristina and in other places did receive

21     their pensions, but I asked you earlier and my question is -- still is:

22     Where did you get the addresses for people who were expelled from Kosova?

23     Where did you send those pensions to?  There was internal displacement.

24     People were also expelled outside the country and you're speaking about

25     their pensions?

Page 2308

 1        Q.   Ms. Bala, you have a degree in economics.  Where was that degree

 2     obtained, which university?

 3        A.   I gratitude two faculties, the faculty of economy in Prishtina,

 4     and I also did political studies.  I specialised in Tirana in diplomacy,

 5     and I earned my MA in international relations and diplomacy in 2006.

 6     From 1999 until today I also have attended many training courses in

 7     various parts of the world.

 8        Q.   Thank you.  I want to know, first of all, about your degree in

 9     economics.  Was that degree obtained at the Pristina University, the

10     state universe, or a different school of economics?

11        A.   I received my diploma in -- from the University of Prishtina.

12     There is just one university in Prishtina and it is still functioning

13     today.

14        Q.   Thank you.  That was a state-owned university, right?  When you

15     obtained your degree?

16        A.   I can see that you want more explanation, and I will give those

17     explanations if you are willing to hear me out.  In 1992 all the

18     secondary schools and the Prishtina University were -- closed their doors

19     to Albanians.  Albanians were not allowed to attend those schools.  From

20     1992 till after the war, the education and training of people was done in

21     an alternative form.  We tried to keep education alive for children and

22     students.  My diploma is from the University of the Republic of Kosova,

23     that's what we called it then, and many other people like me received

24     their diplomas there.

25        Q.   Thank you.  Did you get your degree recognised domestically in

Page 2309

 1     any official, formal way?

 2        A.   Yes, it is recognised in my country, not only my diploma but the

 3     diplomas of all those students and people who graduated before 1998 in

 4     extraordinary circumstances.  All those diplomas are recognised.  There

 5     are people who went on to study for their Ph.D.s in various European

 6     universities based on the diploma they had received in their own country.

 7        Q.   Well, I'm asking you because you say you obtained a diploma and

 8     still you couldn't get a job.  Well, how could you possibly expect to get

 9     a job if you had a degree from a university that was not officially

10     recognised?

11        A.   After what happened with the education system in Kosova, and I

12     know about this because I was collecting information and facts about what

13     happened in Kosova at the time, all the Albanians who were working in

14     that system were expelled from their jobs in 1999 -- 1992.  So it was not

15     logical for me to ask for -- to go and ask for a job in those structures

16     anymore.

17        Q.   Ms. Bala, there were courses in two languages at the state

18     university, both Serbian and Albanian.  Can you please tell me what year

19     you enrolled?

20        A.   The state university which was founded in 1974, if I remember

21     correctly, it is true that courses were held in Albanian and Serbian

22     then.  This continued up until 1992.  In 1992 no educational

23     establishment in Kosova that was called a state educational establishment

24     was -- held their courses in Albanian.  Everything was in Serbian.

25     That's why we established the parallel system of education, to educate

Page 2310

 1     our students and pupils, and this was the parallel system.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  But my question was about your year of enrolment, in

 3     which university?

 4        A.   1987.  I enrolled ...

 5        Q.   Ms. Bala, there is a misunderstanding, it appears.  Which year

 6     did you enroll in the faculty of economics and which faculty university

 7     was that, a state university or not?

 8        A.   I don't know how relevant this is to my statement.  Is it

 9     necessary for me to answer this question because I don't see how it is

10     related to what I have stated in my statement.  I enrolled in 1987.  At

11     that time, the courses were held in both languages, Albanian and

12     Serbo-Croatian.  I began my studies and then the situation deteriorated,

13     and I started work in the Council for the Defence of Human Rights.  And

14     later on, I continued my studies in the parallel education system, so I

15     only studied for a year in the Prishtina state university; later on, I

16     continued my studies in the parallel system.

17        Q.   Thank you.  Just another question.  At the time after you had

18     enrolled, did you become a member of any political party?

19        A.   I don't know which system you come from, but as you may know in

20     1987 there was just one political party, the communist league, and all

21     other parties, pluralism, emerged later on.  So you may well know that

22     there was no other party at that time, in 1987.  It was a one-party

23     system, so I really don't know which other parties you are referring to

24     that existed at the time.  As I already told you, there was only one

25     party, the communist league then.

Page 2311

 1        Q.   Thank you.

 2             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I think this might

 3     be a good time for our break.

 4             JUDGE PARKER:  We still have on our screens the map,

 5     Mr. Djurdjic.  Are you planning to tender that?

 6             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Indeed, Your Honour.  I will be

 7     going through the witness's statement, and I kept the map because I

 8     wanted her to mark some more locations for us so we might have a map that

 9     we can use for all these different reference points, in order to avoid

10     having to pull them up again.  I thought we should just press on with

11     this one.  If you think it's technically more convenient to have this one

12     admitted now and then bring up a new blank map to mark further locations,

13     I'm ready to be so instructed.

14             JUDGE PARKER:  The problem is a technical one, Mr. Djurdjic.

15     Over the break we are likely to lose this if it is not saved and

16     exhibited at this point.

17             Before we do receive it, though, Ms. Bala, would you be able to

18     look back to the map on your screen.  You were asked to mark with a

19     number 2 the position of the railway station, and you marked a position

20     you said you thought it was in that area.  Is that your understanding

21     that you marked the railway station as best you could?

22             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Your Honours, since this is a map

23     that does not contain the names of the streets in details, I did my best

24     to mark the approximate area.  It should be somewhere in this area that I

25     marked or in this area that I just marked.  As I said, there were no

Page 2312

 1     details -- this is not a detailed map.  Even the house, my house that I

 2     marked, is an approximate area.  Maps tend to change.  There are maps

 3     with more details, but unfortunately this one doesn't have those details.

 4     Had these details been there, I would have been able to mark the exact

 5     location of the train station.  I passed by that location every day to

 6     carry out my normal, daily activities.  Therefore, the markings that I

 7     made are approximate, not exact because of the reasons that I just

 8     mentioned.

 9             JUDGE PARKER:  The reason I asked is because well over on the

10     left-hand side of the map there appears to be marked a railway line, and

11     a little below the centre of the map well on the left-hand side there

12     appears to be some two or three sets of parallel tracks, whereas there

13     appears to be no railway line marked in the area where you have marked

14     the railway station.  Now, it may be that something is not shown on the

15     map or it may be that you were not correctly oriented when you marked the

16     railway station.  Can you help us?

17             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] You are fully right, Your Honour.

18     As I said earlier, it is quite difficult to orient myself on this map.

19     You are completely right.  The train station should be somewhere here,

20     and I apologise for this misreading of the map.  But as I said, I passed

21     by that train station on a daily basis to carry out my normal, daily

22     activities.  I apologise once again.  You're fully right.  This road here

23     goes to Fushe Kosove, and it's behind the Grand Hotel in Rilindija

24     building and other well-known buildings in the centre of Kosova.  I

25     apologise once again, Your Honour, for not marking correctly the location

Page 2313

 1     of the train station at the outset.

 2             JUDGE PARKER:  To help us to follow your markings in the future,

 3     would you please put a number 4 with the marking which you now say is the

 4     railway station?

 5             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I'm not 100 per cent sure, and I

 6     cannot pin-point the exact location; so I would like to stress once again

 7     that this is the approximate area.  I'll mark it with a 4.  The map is

 8     such that it is difficult for me to identify the exact locations.  It's a

 9     small building compared to the building in Fushe Kosove, the building of

10     the train station.

11             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you.

12             Now, I think counsel have followed that.  After the break,

13     Mr. Djurdjic, if you need to follow that up further, you can.  We will

14     receive the map as an exhibit.

15             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be D00050, Your Honours.

16             JUDGE PARKER:  Now, we must now have the first break so that the

17     tapes can be rewound, and that means we will resume at ten minutes past

18     11.00.  The court staff will assist you outside.

19                           --- Recess taken at 10.38 a.m.

20                           --- On resuming at 11.13 a.m.

21             JUDGE PARKER:  Mr. Djurdjic.

22             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.

23        Q.   Madam Bala, were you a member of the League of Communists?

24        A.   No, never in my life.

25        Q.   Did you from 1990 when the multi-party system was introduced were

Page 2314

 1     a member of any political party; and if so, which political party,

 2     please?

 3        A.   In 1989 I began to work as an activist for human rights in the

 4     Council of the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in Kosova.  I was

 5     and I still am a regular activist of this council.  Later on I joined the

 6     Democratic League of Kosovo --

 7             THE INTERPRETER:  The interpreter didn't get the year.

 8             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] -- in 1992.

 9             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation]

10        Q.   Thank you.  Is that the party which was headed by

11     Mr. Ibrahim Rugova?

12        A.   This political party was all people movement.  It was led by

13     Dr. Ibrahim Rugova, now deceased.

14        Q.   Thank you.  Are you still a member of the

15     Democratic League of Kosovo?

16        A.   No, I'm not a member of the Democratic League of Kosova.

17        Q.   Are you a member of any other political party; and if so, when

18     did you join?

19        A.   I will give you a general answer so that I can make your

20     questions shorter.  I see that you want to know whether I am a member of

21     the Democratic League of Kosova, led by Hashim Thaqi.  After the war new

22     political parties developed and emerged in Kosova.  In 2001 I joined the

23     Democratic Party of Kosova, and I was a member of this party until 2007.

24     I could no longer be an active member of this party because of my

25     obligations and work.

Page 2315

 1        Q.   Thank you.  Let me just ask you:  When did you finish your

 2     studies of political sciences and where, since you told us that you

 3     graduated from political sciences?

 4        A.   Until 2001 I continued my work with the OSCE mission.  In 2001 I

 5     stopped my employment with them because of the studies and further

 6     commitments.  Until 2006 I continued and finished my studies at the

 7     University of Prishtina at the Faculty of Philosophy.  Further on I

 8     enrolled a master's programme, a dual programme, an exchange between the

 9     Diplomatic Academy in Vienna and the Business College in Kosova.  This is

10     a programme that I finished in 2006, or rather, I graduated in 2006.

11        Q.   Thank you.  Today you told us that you started in 1989 working at

12     a committee for human rights at Pristina.  Could you tell us, please, who

13     founded that committee and what were the [indiscernible] goals of that

14     committee?

15        A.   The Committee for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in

16     Kosova was established on the 10th of December, 1989, by intellectuals or

17     group of activists in the field of protection of human rights and

18     freedoms in Kosova.  Initially the committee was led by the well-known

19     activist who was killed during the war, Bajram Kelmendi, and by other

20     intellectuals from Kosova.  The council or the committee was also led by

21     Adem Demaqi, who was also an activist in the field of protection of human

22     rights in Kosova.  He was imprisoned for 28 years during the times of

23     former Yugoslavia.

24        Q.   Thank you.  Was Adem Demaqi the leader or, as you said,

25     Mr. Kelmendi?

Page 2316

 1        A.   Initially when the committee was set up, it was led by the

 2     well-known lawyer Bajram Kelmendi.  Later on, when the committee was

 3     well-established, Adem Demaqi was appointed the leader or the head of the

 4     Committee for the Protection of Human Rights in Kosova.

 5        Q.   Thank you.  Were you sent as a member of that committee abroad to

 6     attend some courses?

 7        A.   As a member of the Committee for the Protection of Human Rights

 8     and Freedom, in addition to the courses that we attended inside Kosova in

 9     the field of protection of human rights and freedoms, I also attended a

10     similar course in 1996 in an academy of Lillehammer, in Norway.

11        Q.   Thank you.  Did you go to Switzerland to attend some courses

12     there?

13        A.   In Geneva, yes, in the UN human rights organisation in Geneva.

14        Q.   Thank you.  Who funded your travels?

15        A.   My travels were mainly funded by those who invited us to attend

16     these seminars or training courses, the organisers.

17        Q.   Thank you.  Were you funded by the American Information Centre in

18     Pristina?

19        A.   I never attended a training course funded by the information

20     centre -- American Information Centre in Kosova.

21        Q.   Madam Bala, I asked you whether the American Information Centre

22     at Pristina funded your travels and didn't ask you about the courses.

23        A.   No, never.

24        Q.   Thank you.  Did you leave the Committee of Human Rights

25     and Freedoms; and if so, could you please explain the reasons?

Page 2317

 1        A.   I never left the committee.  I'm still a regular or active member

 2     of this committee.  I established an NGO that dealt with gender issues

 3     and violence against women in Kosova.  This was a registered NGO at the

 4     time, active as early as in 1997.  I joined the OSCE in December 1998,

 5     but the organisation called Elena based in Prishtina was active at the

 6     same time.

 7        Q.   Thank you.  Does the name Behxhet Shala mean anything to you?

 8        A.   It means a lot.  He's still a friend of mine.  We worked together

 9     in the Committee for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms.  He

10     still works there as the executive director of this committee.  At the

11     time he was a secretary of the committee, the time that we worked

12     together.

13        Q.   Thank you.  You never had any conflicts with the members of the

14     executive committee and subsequently left, did you?

15        A.   No, never.

16        Q.   Thank you.  Please tell me, what were the goals of the

17     Committee for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms?  What was

18     their agenda?

19        A.   The goals of the committee was to record and collect facts

20     pertaining to the violation of human rights and freedoms in Kosova,

21     collection of facts, information, statement, photographs, compiling

22     weekly, biannual, monthly reports, that were sent to different

23     international organisations who deal with the issue of human rights.

24     These reports were published by different embassies in Belgrade at the

25     time and by different international organisations.

Page 2318

 1        Q.   Thank you.  Does that mean that it went for the protection of

 2     human rights of all persons irrespective of their ethnic background who

 3     lived at Kosovo and Metohija?

 4        A.   The committee collected and recorded facts of violation of human

 5     rights.  We did not protect the human rights because we were -- there was

 6     situations that we could not exercise that task, but it did its work

 7     irrespective of the persons and their ethnic groups or gender or race.

 8        Q.   Could you please tell me where I can find a report on the

 9     kidnapping of Serbs during 1998/1999, about the murder of policemen and

10     troops in 1998/1999, about the kidnapping of Albanians who were loyal to

11     the state, any reports on the kidnapped Serbs from Orahovac in July 1998?

12        A.   During 1998/1999 I worked for the OSCE mission in Kosova.  As for

13     the reports that you mentioned, you probably know that the humanitarian

14     fund, law fund, is operating; and they probably have all this information

15     that you asked me about in their files, and you can also find this

16     information with the OSCE mission that was active at the time in Kosova.

17        Q.   Thank you.  But, Madam Bala, in one version of your statements

18     you started on the 4th of January, 1999, working for the OSCE; and now in

19     November 1998.  Thank you.

20             What about the period 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, is there any report

21     on the violation of human rights of non-Albanians that we may find?

22        A.   I didn't bring any reports with me here, but if you are

23     interested in finding those reports, you can contact the Council for the

24     Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in Kosova.

25        Q.   Thank you.  Would you please tell us who funded the

Page 2319

 1     Committee for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms?

 2        A.   From 1989 until 1997, as -- I'm speaking now in capacity of a

 3     witness here before this Tribunal, I worked for the council as a

 4     volunteer.  The council or the committee was funded by different

 5     donators, but it didn't have a regular financing that would enable it to

 6     function in practice.  But despite the difficult conditions and financial

 7     problems, we never stopped our work.  We would always go out and perform

 8     our work on the ground.

 9        Q.   Thank you, Madam Bala.  But -- and I do not understand the first

10     paragraph of your statement, that in June 2001 the way you stated that

11     you couldn't find a job as an economist, but you gained employment in the

12     Committee for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms.

13        A.   I see that you've mixed up the dates.  I will repeat and clarify

14     this with you.  I began my work with the council in 1989, and I worked

15     there till early 1997.  I then established the NGO dealing with the

16     violation of the rights of women, with gender issues.  In early 1998 I

17     joined the OSCE verification mission in Kosova, and I remained with the

18     OSCE until 19th of March, 1999.  As a refugee in Macedonia, I continued

19     to work with the OSCE mission in the field of protection of human rights

20     in different refugee camps all over Macedonia.

21             Upon my return, 16th or 17th June, 1999, I'm the first local

22     employee that returned with the OSCE mission in Kosova.  I continued my

23     work, my employment, with them until June or July 2001, and that's when I

24     stopped my regular employment from 7.00 to 6.00 p.m. because I decided to

25     start my master's programme.

Page 2320

 1        Q.   Thank you.  Madam Bala, you provided me with a lengthy and

 2     exhaustive answer, but not to my question.  My question was:  You state

 3     in -- on the 30th of June, 2001, as well as in the 14th of May, 1999,

 4     statement that you could not find employment as an economist but you got

 5     employed by the Committee for the Protection of Human Rights

 6     and Freedoms.  You started in 1990, but today you stated in 1989.  If you

 7     stated that you were employed, which means that you received salary, so

 8     it was not volunteer work, as you claim today.

 9        A.   In my testimony the last time I also mentioned that it was

10     voluntary work.  All those years of work in the Council for the

11     Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms was voluntary work, not only by

12     me but also other people, my colleagues.  Just voluntary work.  People

13     from the council working all over Kosova were working voluntarily for the

14     council, the -- all 30 branches of them.

15        Q.   Thank you.  Then I will have to read part of your statement dated

16     30th of June, 2001, in which you say:

17             "In 1992 I graduated from school of economy but I could not" --

18     thank you.  I apologise.

19              "However, from 1990 I had started working for the human rights

20     of Kosovar Albanians in Kosovo, and got employed as a field researcher by

21     the Council for Defence of Human Rights and Freedoms in Pristina ..." and

22     then in a note dated 14th April 2000 at Tetovo under paragraph 2 you say:

23             "I worked in the Committee for the Protection of Human Rights, I

24     worked there from 1990 to 1997, and then I was employed with the Council

25     for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms in Pristina as a field

Page 2321

 1     researcher."

 2        A.   This is my statement, but I don't understand your question.  You

 3     are asking whether I was paid monthly by the council.  I will repeat

 4     again that everything I did for the council, my work was all voluntarily.

 5     50 people worked voluntarily in that council.  I joined the council.  I

 6     worked shifts.  One week I would work from 8.00 to 5.00, the other week I

 7     would work from 2.00 p.m. to 8.00 p.m.  That was regular work I did for

 8     the council.

 9        Q.   Thank you.  Where did you find the money to survive all those

10     years?

11        A.   There was solidarity amongst Albanians, not only myself but over

12     half the population that was active -- that could work was not able to

13     find work because of the total destruction of the economy in Kosova.  We

14     were funded by relatives in Switzerland.  My brother used to live in

15     Copenhagen and he sent us remittances.  So these were the funds we had,

16     and these were enough to get by day-to-day and to enable me to work for

17     this office.

18        Q.   Thank you.  Weren't your brother together at the house where you

19     resided in 1999 Pristina, as you stated today here?

20        A.   In order to explain this better:  We are eight children, five

21     brothers, three sisters, and we have 18 nieces and nephews.  It's a very

22     large family, as you can see.  Before the war my brother and my sister

23     lived abroad, my sister in Switzerland, my brother in Copenhagen, and I

24     explained in my earlier answer who funded us.  My brother at the time was

25     a manager -- a hotel manager in Copenhagen.  My third brother who was a

Page 2322

 1     refugee with me, he lives in Sydney, Australia, presently, while my

 2     eldest brother, my sister, and two other brothers live in Kosova.

 3        Q.   Thank you.  Could you please tell us what were the goals of the

 4     centre for the protection of rights of men and women, Elena.

 5        A.   The goals of this centre were to identify occurrences of

 6     violations of human rights of women by various institutions and the

 7     violation of children's rights.  This was a specialised recording and

 8     reporting of these occurrences in conformity with the

 9     Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Freedoms of the United Nations.

10        Q.   Thank you.  Who funded your activities?

11        A.   The activities of the NGO that I founded were funded by various

12     foreign donors.  We had as our main donor the organisation Mama Cash from

13     the Netherlands, another organisation in the United States, however, this

14     did not last for long.  The war started and everything was interrupted.

15     Our activity was interrupted because -- for security reasons and because

16     we were not able to travel in various parts of Kosova.

17        Q.   Thank you.  Madam Bala, did your organisation cooperate with the

18     government of Mr. Bukoshi?

19        A.   No, we didn't.

20        Q.   Thank you.  Did you cooperate with Xhafer Shatri; did you supply

21     him with information?

22        A.   No.

23        Q.   Thank you.  What about the KLA, did you supply any information to

24     the KLA on the Albanian non-governmental organisations from

25     Kosovo and Metohija that were working with the authorities of the

Page 2323

 1     Republic of Serbia?

 2        A.   I never had any contact with the KLA.

 3        Q.   Thank you.  Did you organise patrols across Kosovo and Metohija

 4     comprising members of your female peace groups, the purpose of those

 5     patrols being to monitor any activity by the army and the police?

 6        A.   No, no.  Our organisation identified occurrences of violation of

 7     rights of women in Kosova; because at that time, regardless of their age,

 8     gender, religion, ethnic group, et cetera, people were being killed in

 9     Kosova.

10        Q.   Thank you.  The answer was no.  When you answer "no," please

11     don't continue answering, because once you've said no that is quite

12     sufficient.  That is an answer to my question.  Thank you.

13        A.   I was trying to explain, nothing more than that.

14        Q.   Madam, what was it you were trying to explain?  I asked whether

15     you were supplying information on any movement by the army or the police,

16     that was my question.  If there is anything to add apart from your

17     answer, the answer being no, anything to do with your potential

18     monitoring activity, then please explain.  If a no is a simple no, then

19     let's just move on.

20             Ms. Bala, in addition to your own allegations, do we have

21     anything else to prove that you were working for the OSCE?

22        A.   Could you explain a bit further?  I don't understand the

23     question.

24        Q.   In addition to your own allegations that you were working for the

25     OSCE, is there any evidence indicating that?  Because if so, we have seen

Page 2324

 1     none here so far to corroborate your allegation that you were working

 2     with the OSCE at the time you specify, that is, before the war.

 3        A.   What kind of evidence would you like to have?  You can Google my

 4     name and you can find information there on the internet -- in the

 5     internet, that I have worked with the OSCE before.

 6        Q.   Thank you.  Likewise, I would like to ask you about the time you

 7     left Serbia.  I'm talking about the moment you crossed the border to

 8     Macedonia; between that point in time and your eventual return, do you

 9     have anything to prove that you were working with the OSCE?

10        A.   First of all, I did not leave Serbia.  I was expelled from

11     Kosova, which is my country, and again you can ask for information

12     yourself about me.  I worked for the OSCE with a verification mission.

13     We worked in the Sanakos camp, in the Cegran camp, Stenkovec 1 and 2

14     camps, and I worked also in areas where the Albanians were staying in

15     private homes with the Albanians of Macedonia.

16        Q.   Ms. Bala, what you have just said is not what you said in

17     June 2001 when you made your statement.

18        A.   There is no other statement.  I worked for the OSCE before the

19     war, during the war, and after the war; and you can ask for information

20     about this at the human resource office of the OSCE in Prishtina.  They

21     have records of the people who have worked for them.

22        Q.   Thank you.  Would I be right to say that the OSCE left

23     Kosovo and Metohija on the 20th of March, 1999, because of the plummeting

24     living standards of the Kosovar Albanians and the cruel treatment of the

25     Serbs in Kosovo of the Albanian community as well as the rising violence

Page 2325

 1     rates that were politically motivated?

 2        A.   I think you must know why the verification mission came to

 3     Kosova.  At that time there was an agreement on stopping the violence

 4     from spreading any further; however, the violation of human rights, the

 5     brutality, killings, injuries, arrests, these were everyday occurrences

 6     in the lives of Albanians.  So the Serbs and the Albanians could not

 7     reach an agreement amongst themselves to stop this violence and the

 8     violence escalated, so the verification mission left in March 1999,

 9     20th of March, 1999.

10        Q.   Thank you.  I believe it was possible to keep this much briefer.

11     I quoted extensively from your statement on the 13th of June, 2001.  Is

12     the quote accurate or not?  You can just say yes or no, please.

13        A.   Well, I have to give the gist of it here and then if you ask me

14     to give further information, it would take weeks to explain you

15     everything that happened.

16        Q.   Ms. Bala, I used a quote from your own statement.  The question

17     was:  Is that faithfully reflected, accurately recorded, or not?  The

18     answer is a simple yes or no.  I did not elicit any further explanations

19     from you.  Just tell me about whether what I read out to you is accurate

20     or not?

21             JUDGE PARKER:  Mr. Djurdjic, I'm sorry, if you were quoting from

22     the statement it was not apparent to me that that is what you were doing.

23     I don't think you said you were doing it, and it is not clear now from

24     the transcript what is the quotation from the statement.  You are asking

25     the witness:  Is it correct or not?  The Chamber doesn't know what it is.

Page 2326

 1     I suspect the witness may not know what it is.  If you could ask the

 2     witness to direct her attention to a particular passage of the statement

 3     and then ask whether it is correct, you might get somewhere which is more

 4     useful.

 5             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.  You are

 6     entirely right.  I did say my next question, though, that I had just

 7     quoted the June 13th, 2001, statement, but maybe the best thing to do

 8     would be to pull it up on our screens, D002-1741 -- or rather, my

 9     associate informs me this is P420, Exhibit 420.

10        Q.   Do you see that, Ms. Bala?  You have the English on the

11     right-hand side or would you prefer to have the Albanian?  The Albanian

12     is on the left, right?  Paragraph 3:

13             [In English] "The living standard of the Kosovo Albanians in

14     Kosovo and the harsh treatment by the Serbs in Kosovo of the Albanian

15     community had deteriorated to an all low and because of the violence

16     being instilled and for the political reasons on the 19th March, 1999,

17     the OSCE prepared to evacuate."

18             [Interpretation] That's the portion.  Yes, my question is:  Is it

19     accurately recorded, paragraph 3, what it says.  Is it true?  Is that

20     what you said?  I'm not asking anything special apart from that.

21        A.   Yes, it is correct that I said that.  We all experienced what I

22     wrote down here, and if you want any further explanation I can give them

23     to you.

24        Q.   Thank you, Ms. Bala.  No further explanations are required.  The

25     question was simply:  Is this an accurate quote?  Thank you.

Page 2327

 1             I would like to ask you:  When do you think your memory was best

 2     and clearest of all these events that you are giving evidence about,

 3     since you have provided a number of statements over some time?

 4        A.   What period of time are you referring to?

 5        Q.   Well, I've looked at your statements, they appear to be starting

 6     on the 14th of April, 1999; and then the 13th of June, 2001; and then

 7     2006, another statement you made; and then you appeared as a witness in

 8     the Milutinovic case; today being the last instance.

 9        A.   Well, the experiences are indelible, the things I've been

10     through, things that I have seen and experienced.  What I have stated

11     about the 20th to the 29th of March, 1999, I still have those events

12     fresh in my memory although almost ten years have passed from that week.

13        Q.   Thank you.  But please, for the sake of expeditiousness, try to

14     keep your answers brief.  So you remember very well all these things.  A

15     single sentence would have sufficed to say that.

16             Ms. Bala, if I look at the note made on the 14th of April, 1999,

17     the statement you say that the OSCE left Pristina on the

18     24th of March, 1999, and that they were preparing to evacuate on the

19     23rd of March; is that true?

20        A.   I don't know where you are reading from.  The OSCE left on the

21     20th of March.  The 24th of March is the date when the NATO bombing

22     started in Serbia and various parts of Serbia.

23        Q.   Madam, excuse me.

24             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Could I please have D002-1761.

25        Q.   Ms. Bala, this note was drawn up by an OTP investigator on the

Page 2328

 1     14th of April, 1999, interviewed you at Tetovo.  And if you look at the

 2     note, if you look at all the bullets, bullets 5 and 6 specifically, they

 3     state exactly what I've read back to you.

 4        A.   It must be a misinterpretation of dates, nothing more.  The OSCE

 5     left Kosova in -- on the 20th of March of 1999 and then on the

 6     24th of March NATO bombing started on targets in Kosova and Serbia.

 7        Q.   Thank you.

 8             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, may this 14th

 9     of April, 1999, interview note please be admitted.  I shall continue to

10     use it for the purposes of my cross, though.

11             JUDGE PARKER:  I take it, Ms. Bala, that you were interviewed by

12     somebody in April 1999?

13             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes, for the first time.

14             JUDGE PARKER:  And was that somebody, as you understood it, from

15     this Tribunal?

16             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] It must have been from the

17     Tribunal; however, to ask for precise dates a week after the traumatising

18     events we went through, it's not a normal situation when the person is

19     distressed.  So this is just a confusion of dates, nothing more.

20             JUDGE PARKER:  Did you see these notes at that time?

21             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] To tell you the truth, I can't

22     remember.  I must have seen them, but I don't remember.

23             JUDGE PARKER:  I notice in the heading your present employment

24     was given as OSCE.  That was correct at that time, was it?

25             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Could you please make -- give me

Page 2329

 1     the reference as to where you see it.

 2             JUDGE PARKER:  In the headings, the more heavy type at the top of

 3     the page, there's a series of --

 4             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I can see it now, yes.

 5             JUDGE PARKER:  Was that correct at that time?

 6             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes.  I will clarify, if you allow

 7     me, sir.  I was in Macedonia on the 1st of April, in Negotin, and I asked

 8     to be able to find an international who worked for the OSCE.  I contacted

 9     my former colleagues, international colleagues; and from these contacts,

10     I was able to start working two days later and collect data from

11     eye-witnesses for the events that had occurred in Kosova.

12             JUDGE PARKER:  Do you know the name of the person who interviewed

13     you at that time?

14             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I don't recall his name.

15             JUDGE PARKER:  These notes then will be received in evidence.

16             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be D00051, Your Honours.

17             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.  Perhaps I

18     should have prefaced this by saying that the 13th of June, 2000,

19     statement, paragraph 2, sees the witness confirm a previous interview

20     with an OTP investigator from the ICTY in relation to events that I'm

21     about to describe on the 14th of April, 1999, in Macedonia.

22        Q.   Ms. Bala, the note is dated the 14th of April, 1999.  You state

23     that on the 24th of March, at 9.00, you drove in a car into town to see

24     what the Serb authorities were doing and to hear the opinion of the local

25     population.  The local population was preparing for a Serbian invasion

Page 2330

 1     and some had even sent their families away from Pristina.  Is that true?

 2        A.   Before the 24th, when the NATO air-strikes began, not only on the

 3     24th but as of the 20th of March, I went out down-town to see what was

 4     going on because we all knew that after the evacuation of the OSCE

 5     people, something bad was going to happen.  It is true that I did go and

 6     tour different parts of Prishtina to see what was going on and talked to

 7     many people and collected different information from these people on what

 8     was -- what had happened on that particular day.  There was this general

 9     fear that the Serbs were going to retaliate on the civilian population in

10     Kosova.

11        Q.   Ms. Bala, is it true that certain people sent their families away

12     from Pristina?  Because this is something you stated.

13        A.   Yes, it is true that certain people sent their families away from

14     Prishtina because of fear that something bad was going to happen by these

15     Serb police and military forces.  These families lived in the outskirts

16     of Pristina at the time.  You can draw similarity with my situation as

17     some family members or relatives came to live with us.  These relatives

18     came from the outskirts of Pristina to live with us at the time.

19        Q.   Thank you.  But you said they left Pristina, and now you're

20     telling me they came to Pristina.  Nevertheless, let's move on.  What

21     sort of a telephone line did you have in your home in March 1999?

22        A.   It was land-line, and I also had a private mobile phone.

23        Q.   Thank you.  Would I be right to say that on the 24th of March

24     electricity had been cut off in Pristina but only for the duration of the

25     air-strikes?

Page 2331

 1        A.   As soon as the first bombs fell in Prishtina, the electricity was

 2     cut off and it remained cut off until later at night.  Later on in

 3     different parts, not in the whole area of Prishtina, the electricity

 4     remained cut off and in some parts there was electricity.

 5        Q.   Thank you.  If I look at the notes dated the 14th of April, 1999,

 6     I don't see any reference to air-strikes or you trying to observe

 7     anything at all from your terrace.

 8        A.   Well, we all know that there was -- there were NATO air-strikes

 9     on Serb targets, on the 24th of March.  When the bombing stopped I went

10     to the terrace to observe.  There was no movement of people.  There was

11     movement of different military and police vehicles.  There was movement

12     of Serb civilians who were firing in the air in different parts of

13     Prishtina.  You could hear this very well, and you could see this very

14     well too.

15             JUDGE PARKER:  Mr. Behar, you -- there's a matter you wish to

16     raise?

17             MR. BEHAR:  Yes, Your Honours, just that my friend, counsel for

18     Mr. Djordjevic, mentioned that there was no mention of air-strikes, but

19     in fact on that document, I think it's about nine bullet points down,

20     there's an indication that on 25th March NATO started bombing.  It's

21     directly above the mention of electricity being turned off.

22             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you.

23             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, but I'm talking about

24     the 24th of March.  I'm talking about the -- I'm not talking about the

25     25th because I'm taking it one day at a time.

Page 2332

 1             JUDGE PARKER:  Well, you will then have to accept that there is a

 2     specific mention of NATO bombing.  The date given here is the

 3     25th of March and I understand the witness to be saying that there is

 4     some misunderstanding about these particular dates, the 23rd, 24th, and

 5     25th in these notes.  With all that premise, then your question may be

 6     able to be put.

 7             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.  This is

 8     the first note taken when the witness arrived in Macedonia, and I presume

 9     that the Tribunal's investigator conscientiously noted what she said, and

10     it corresponds to the statement that she gave on the 13th of June, 2001.

11     And since the note was taken at a time when her memory was the freshest,

12     I referred to it.  But let's proceed.

13             If we could put -- bring up the document P00013.  I apologise,

14     this is a 65 ter document 00013 map of Pristina that we already saw.

15        Q.   Madam Bala, could you please encircle the location of your house

16     again.

17        A.   Before I encircle it, I want to point out again that it's not a

18     detailed map.  You cannot see the exact street where I live.  So I will

19     orient myself from what I can read here marked as general areas.  It

20     should be somewhere here.

21        Q.   You're absolutely right.  This map is not detailed at all.

22     Please, could you place number 1 next to it.

23        A.   [Marks]

24        Q.   And the old green market, where was it located, please?

25        A.   From what can I read here, bazaar, it shouldn't be far from this

Page 2333

 1     area.  So I will orient myself from bazaar here and I will mark it here.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  Could you please put number 2 next to it.

 3        A.   [Marks]

 4        Q.   In your statement you said that from the roof-top of your

 5     building you observed and saw vehicles with no number plates.  Could you

 6     please indicate where those vehicles passed.

 7        A.   Just by my house, the house where I live now, the house that I've

 8     described earlier, it is situated between two streets, the Llapi Street

 9     and the Hoxhe Kadri Prishtina Street.  So it's between these two streets,

10     and the movement of these cars or vehicles without registration plates

11     was seen here.  Because as soon as a NATO bombing would stop, they would

12     go out and made these uncontrolled movements with their cars and fire in

13     the air and so on and so forth.  So there was no need to concentrate on

14     observing things better because you could see them right there, they were

15     pretty close.

16        Q.   How tall is your building?

17        A.   It is a five-storey house.  Two serve as a cellar or ground

18     floor, and two other floors are used as living space.

19        Q.   Thank you, Madam Bala.  So this would be a two-storey house.

20     Could you please mark where you saw barricades and barbed wire around the

21     town from your roof-top or your terrace.

22        A.   What barbed wire?  I did not say in my statement that I saw

23     barbed wire from my terrace.  I saw the wire -- barbed wire and the

24     police check-points when I travelled by car to different parts of

25     Prishtina, but from my terrace you could not see the barbed wire

Page 2334

 1     barricades; from there, you could see the movements of the vehicles.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  Where did you see barbed wire and blockading of

 3     Pristina?  Where were those points?  Could you please indicate them on

 4     the map.

 5        A.   If you're patient, I will explain them one by one.  From

 6     20th of March until a day before we were expelled, I will explain where

 7     these check-points were.  This is a part between Fushe Kosove and

 8     Prishtina, this is a part called Ajvali between Prishtina towards

 9     Cjivlan --

10        Q.   I apologise, but I have to interrupt you.  You are answering a

11     question that I did not ask.  In your 30th June, 2001 statement, last

12     paragraph on page 2 says, On the 26th of March I continued observing the

13     town of VJ and MUP set up blockades which were also secured by barbed

14     wire.

15             This is what I'm asking you about.  Where were those blockades

16     and the barbed wire?  You're wasting my time and not answering my

17     questions.  Could you please mark on the map the check-points and the

18     barbed wire.  I'm not asking you anything else but to mark those things

19     on the map, please.

20        A.   This is what I was trying to point out on the map, where these

21     check-points were with barbed wire, with sacks, sand sacks, then

22     blockades with tanks and Pinzgauers.  So I was about to mark all of these

23     check-points.  Will you allow me to?

24        Q.   Is what you marked out here --

25        A.   All of them are marked here because you interrupted me.

Page 2335

 1        Q.   Please go on.

 2        A.   The main entry and exit points to Prishtina, the part that

 3     directly links Prishtina with the road to Mitrovica and Fushe Kosove,

 4     then the road to Gjilan, the part where I live, the crossroads at the

 5     Nena Center in Prishtina.  So these were the areas where these

 6     check-points were erected.  I will start from -- with the area where I

 7     lived.  The first crossroads there is by the district court in

 8     Prishtina --

 9        Q.   Thank you, thank you, Madam.  You marked out where those

10     check-points were.  Could you please indicate the road to

11     Kosovska Mitrovica here on the map.

12        A.   From the Dragodan area, the road to Mitrovica should be here in

13     this part, the road to Fushe Kosove should be here, on this part here,

14     as -- to the extent I can be oriented on this map.  The third circle

15     marks the road to Gjilan.  So in other words every entry and exit point

16     from Prishtina was encircled or under siege by the police and military

17     forces.  Within the town itself, on the main part of the town, on the

18     main crossroads, there were check-points erected.

19             JUDGE PARKER:  To help enable the transcript to understand what

20     has been said, the witness has marked a series of small circles within

21     the map, which she says were each the location of a check-point.  She has

22     also marked three large circles on the extremities of the map, one to the

23     left, one to the right, and one at the bottom, and these are the exit

24     points to roadways leading out of the town.  Now, if it's going to matter

25     which road leads where in your case, we may have to get those three

Page 2336

 1     individually identified.

 2             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.

 3        Q.   With respect to those large circles, Madam, please indicate and

 4     mark the road to Kosovska Mitrovica with the initials KM.

 5        A.   [Marks]

 6        Q.   And the road to Kosovo Polje with KP.

 7        A.   [Marks]

 8        Q.   And the third circle, I don't know where this road leads to.

 9        A.   Your Honour, would you allow me to make a clarification, please?

10             JUDGE PARKER:  Please do.

11             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I want to be very clear.  It is

12     really difficult for me to orient myself based on this map.  So the

13     markings I've made are not accurate.  It's exact -- they do not refer to

14     the exact location, it's the approximate location.  So these are not

15     100 per cent accurate markings.  I cannot orient myself very good on this

16     map.

17             However, I want to explain and be clear about the check-points

18     that I've seen and verified their existence.  There are two -- four main

19     entries to Prishtina, the main entry coming from the direction of

20     Vranjevc, that road takes you to the border with Serbia, to Merdare.

21     There there was a police and army check-point.  The next check-point was

22     at the part that links Prishtina with the road to Mitrovica.  We call

23     that location Ura e Fushe Kosoves because there is a bridge there where

24     the Prishtina Corps was situated at the time.  The military barracks are

25     still there.

Page 2337

 1             The next check-point was on the crossroads of the roads to

 2     Prishtina and Fushe Kosove.  And the next check-point was behind the

 3     hospital, we call it "at the circle," which separates the roads going to

 4     Prishtina, Kacanik, Gjilan, and to other areas, up to Skopje.  There were

 5     also check-points within the town itself, inside the town.  There are

 6     four neighbourhoods or areas of Prishtina:  Dragodan, and there the

 7     check-point was erected at the bridge of Dragodan; then Vranjevc, there

 8     the check-point was at the bridge of Vranjevc; and the technical school,

 9     the part where I live and work, there there was a check-point also; then

10     the crossroads between Taslixhe and Germi, there was a check-point there

11     too; and the check-point at the very centre of Prishtina, for

12     identification purposes we call that location "brotherhood monument."

13             So this was the meeting-point of all the convoys of people who

14     had left their homes, who were expelled from their homes, and from that

15     crossroads they were directed towards the train station.

16             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much for that, which I'm sure will

17     help Mr. Djurdjic.  You have, dealing with those three big circles

18     outside the map, you've identified two of them.  The one on the

19     right-hand side, what is the -- that indicating?

20             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] The whole area here, I will try to

21     encircle it --

22             JUDGE PARKER:  No, I'm talking about the one on the other side.

23             THE WITNESS:  This one.

24             [Interpretation] Here?

25             JUDGE PARKER:  Yeah.  Is that indicating the direction of a

Page 2338

 1     roadway to a particular town?

 2             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I can see now the areas Aktash,

 3     Ulpiana, so it connects with the villages of Mramor, Busi, and so on, and

 4     it takes you in the direction of Gjilan.  We call it the Karadak part.

 5             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much for that.

 6             Now, Mr. Djurdjic, we're going to have to have the second break

 7     at about this time.  I assume that you'll be finishing today?  Yes.

 8             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I would seek shorter

 9     answers.  I would be finished in 20 minutes' time.  If we could keep this

10     map on the screen because we have two more things to mark after the

11     break.

12             JUDGE PARKER:  I'm sorry, that's dangerous.  We could lose the

13     lot.  It will need to be tendered, but if your questions are shorter and

14     clearer the answers are likely to be shorter and clearer, though a lot of

15     the problem comes from the question, Mr. Djurdjic.

16             We will receive this present map as an exhibit.

17             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be D00052, Your Honours.

18             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much, and we resume at five past

19     1.00.

20                           --- Recess taken at 12.36 p.m.

21                           --- On resuming at 1.06 p.m.

22             JUDGE PARKER:  Yes, Mr. Djurdjic.

23             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.

24        Q.   Madam Bala, would you please mark again the location of your

25     house on this map we see on the screen, please.

Page 2339

 1        A.   Once again, approximately here.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  Could you place number 1 next to it.

 3        A.   [Marks]

 4        Q.   Would you please indicate the exit towards Skopje.

 5        A.   You want me to mark from my house to that, so this is the main

 6     road --

 7        Q.   Encircle, by doing so indicating where the exit towards Skopje

 8     is.

 9        A.   [Marks]

10        Q.   Thank you.  What about the road towards Podujevo?

11        A.   This part here.

12        Q.   Thank you.  Could you please put a P and the lower circle,

13     please, next to it put SK.

14        A.   [Marks]

15        Q.   Another thing I'd like to ask you, this red road if you were to

16     travel along it would you reach Skopje next to your circle?

17        A.   I already said that this is approximate and that it's difficult

18     for me to orient myself on this map.  However, this part here is the

19     hospital area which we call the circle of Pristina at the crossroads

20     there, and the road then continues to Skopje.

21        Q.   Thank you.  Please encircle the exit towards Kosovska Mitrovica.

22        A.   Yes, Mitrovica, about here.

23        Q.   Thank you.  Could you please indicate Vranjavac here on this map,

24     where it's located.

25        A.   Vranjevc must be here.

Page 2340

 1        Q.   Madam Bala, the road traversing the Vranjavac hill, what is the

 2     distance from the summit to the traffic lights close to your house?

 3        A.   There are no traffic lights close to my house.  The traffic

 4     lights are close to the centre of the town, right here.  There are none

 5     close to my house.  Two or three streets take you from my house to

 6     Vranjevc.  From my house to Vranjevc would be a maximum of 1 kilometre.

 7     The Llapi mosque is here and that part is linked with Vranjevc.

 8        Q.   Madam Bala, do you have to go through the whole of Vranjavac to

 9     reach the road leading to Podujevo?

10        A.   You have to go through Vranjevc.  Vranjevc is made up of two

11     parts, the upper part and the lower part.  The upper part is where the

12     police station was and other houses, while the lower part is the part

13     where the primary school Zenel Hajdini is.  The road goes through

14     Vranjevc, to Podujevo, and then to the border with Serbia.

15        Q.   Thank you.  What is the distance you have to take through

16     Vranjavac to reach to the summit of the hill and then continue along the

17     road to Podujevo?

18        A.   Well, that's a long distance from Vranjevc to Podujevo you mean.

19     Up to Orlane it is 21 kilometres.  Orlane is halfway between Vranjevc and

20     Podujevo or so, and from Vranjevc to Podujevo, it's about 60 kilometres.

21        Q.   I'm only asking you about the distance between the Vranjavac peak

22     and the bottom of the hill down in Pristina, what is the distance in

23     terms of kilometres?

24        A.   I don't know and never measured it.  I don't know.

25        Q.   Will you agree that it must be at least 3 kilometres between the

Page 2341

 1     peak and the bottom of the hill by taking the road?

 2        A.   As I said earlier, from my house to Vranjevc, that is about

 3     1 kilometre.  I don't know how long or how far it is from the other parts

 4     of Prishtina.

 5        Q.   And what about the distance between Donji Vranjavac and

 6     Gornji Vranjavac?

 7        A.   A road goes through Vranjevc that divides both parts.  This is

 8     just a small area.  You cannot just identify distances by kilometres

 9     there.

10        Q.   Thank you.  You said that from the roof that night you saw two

11     APCs heading towards Dragodan.  Can you please describe the APCs for me.

12        A.   When I was observing from the terrace in the direction of

13     Dragodan, I was observing the area close to the cemetery and I could see

14     the police forces moving in APCs, trucks, and other vehicles.  There was

15     a meadow there, a low area, where I could see everything very well.

16        Q.   Thank you.  Mark a number 2 there, please, the location of the

17     APCs.

18        A.   [Marks]

19        Q.   And what do you think would be the distance between your house

20     and what you marked now as number 2?

21        A.   I don't know the distance.

22        Q.   Thank you.  You also say that you saw a tank firing.  Can you

23     mark the tank's location, please.

24        A.   The tank fired in the day-time.  There is a hill in the village

25     Lokare, that's what we call it, and the military base was there.  The

Page 2342

 1     tank was on top of that hill.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  Can you please put a number 3 there to mark the tank?

 3        A.   [Marks]

 4        Q.   What about this military base, was it the other side of the hill

 5     looking from your house or your side of the hill?

 6        A.   The military base was behind the hill, I could not see it; but

 7     the hill is there, it's a barren hill, rocky hill.  It can still be seen

 8     from my house, and the tank was on top of that hill.

 9        Q.   Thank you.  Can you now please mark Kojlovci hill.

10        A.   The Kolovica area must be somewhere here.

11        Q.   Thank you.  Put a letter K there.

12        A.   [Marks]

13        Q.   Taslidj, can you mark that one for me, please.

14        A.   I'm encircling here the Taslixhe area.

15        Q.   And what about the artillery at Vranjavac that you saw that was

16     firing at Kojlovci hill, can you mark that too.

17        A.   It was on the main road that divides the lower and upper

18     Vranjevc, and their movements were along this area.  Not only an APC but

19     there were other vehicles moving along that road.

20        Q.   Thank you.  Can you please mark the location of Hartica house.

21        A.   It's close to the main road.  I don't know where to mark.  As I

22     said, it's close to the main road, about here maybe.

23        Q.   Please put an X there.

24        A.   [Marks]

25        Q.   Thank you.  And we have 1, 2, and 3, can you please put an X

Page 2343

 1     there and a number 4.

 2        A.   [Marks]

 3        Q.   I'm looking at your 14th of May [sic], 1999 statement.  You said

 4     that at Kolovica there was fighting.  Who was fighting who, can you tell

 5     us that, please?

 6        A.   There was bombing from the Lukare base, from that hill; the tank

 7     was firing against or towards Kolovica against the civilian population

 8     and their homes.

 9        Q.   I will now read back a portion of your statement to you, the

10     14th of September [sic], 1999:  I saw fighting erupting between the Serbs

11     and the civilians.  Many of them started running.  The fighting continued

12     for the rest of the day --

13             JUDGE PARKER:  The statement, Mr. Djurdjic, is the

14     14th of April, 1999, and that is --

15             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] That's right, the note.

16             JUDGE PARKER:  -- and that is Exhibit D51.  It's notes made by

17     another person, not a statement made by and signed by the witness.  But

18     you've referred to the 14th of May and the 14th of September.  I take it

19     you mean the 14th of April?

20             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] April, yes, the 14th of April.

21     Whenever I say the 14th of April I mean the notes made by the ICTY

22     investigators.  The 13th of June statement makes clear that the interview

23     was conducted and a note drawn up.

24             JUDGE PARKER:  Well, that's Exhibit D51.

25             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation]

Page 2344

 1        Q.   Ms. Bala, do you wish --

 2        A.   You don't need to ask me for further clarification.  That day at

 3     midday the tank fired from that hill towards the civilian houses in

 4     Kolovica, and that shelling, that firing, for us meant war.  The civilian

 5     population, unarmed civilian population that were being shelled, left

 6     that area and went towards the area where I was living, where my house

 7     was.

 8        Q.   Ms. Bala, it reads:

 9             "I saw fighting erupting between the Serbs and the population.

10     The fighting continued for the rest of the day."

11             It takes two to have a fight, doesn't it?

12        A.   In some parts of Kolovica the fighting occurred during that

13     period, and what I meant by fighting was not fighting between two equal

14     parts or sides but the firing from one side onto another side, which was

15     the shelling.

16        Q.   Thank you.  Ms. Bala, would I be right to say that no members of

17     your family had their documents seized at the border?

18        A.   Yes, because there was no time and no space.  We did not have the

19     documentation or the IDs on us when we left for the border.

20        Q.   Thank you.  Ms. Bala, what about all of the persons passing

21     through check-points, were they not all checked and inspected?

22        A.   If they had decided to check all the people who went through

23     those check-points, it would take months -- it would have taken months.

24     They only picked out certain people that were separated from their

25     families, they were looted and beaten, but not everybody on the convoy

Page 2345

 1     were -- was checked.

 2        Q.   Thank you.  You tell us today that a Yugoslav army officer

 3     entered your house, and then when the next group came along it included

 4     Ivica a man you knew from before as a police officer.

 5             Ms. Bala, in the 14th of April note, the only thing you state is

 6     that a member of the Army of Yugoslavia came in as well as a Roma man.

 7     In your 13th of June, 2001, statement you state that a member of the

 8     Yugoslav army came and a Romani man.  How come you only remembered today

 9     to share with us the fact that this Roma person was a police officer and

10     was a member of that first group and not the other one?

11        A.   I said the same thing then, and I will repeat it again.  They

12     were in a group.  When I say "they," these were policemen and other

13     people who were mobilised.  When they came to the houses, they each went

14     to a different house --

15        Q.   Thank you.  Please, let's keep this as short as possible.  You've

16     answered my question, and I will now put to you your own statement dated

17     the 13th of June, 2001.  This is paragraph 11 where you say:

18             "On the 29th of March VJ, MUP, Serb civilians, and gypsies

19     wearing police uniforms continued to go into Albanian houses and forcing

20     the residents to leave.  I was still observing this from my terrace -- I

21     was still observing this from my terrace.  Later that day the VJ officer

22     and a gypsy came to our house."

23             Ms. Bala, no mention there of the traffic policeman, no naming

24     him.

25             JUDGE PARKER:  Mr. Djurdjic, it may save us a lot of time if I

Page 2346

 1     point out that in the supplementary statement of the witness,

 2     Exhibit 421, the witness at paragraph 10 says that:

 3             "The gypsy that I referred to I know by the name of Ivica.  He

 4     was a traffic police officer before March 1999 and operated in our

 5     neighbourhood."

 6             So I think you need to take that into account when you're putting

 7     the question.

 8             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.  I'm

 9     taking into account the fact that that was a 2006 statement, and the one

10     I'm talking about is a 2001 statement.  Likewise, we have the April note

11     from 1999, where we find no mention of the name or indeed the official

12     capacity of that person, the Roma person.  It wasn't before 2006 that the

13     traffic policeman was mentioned and named, and that is why I'm asking the

14     witness this particular question.  How come in 2006 all of a sudden she

15     knows this, something that she didn't know back in 2001 or indeed back in

16     1999.

17             THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I can clarify.  When I was asked to

18     identify who that person was, I did give the name.

19             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation]

20        Q.   Thank you.  You say that upon entering Kosovo Polje you saw some

21     bodies lying on the ground.  How could you tell their ethnicity?

22        A.   Well, considering the fact that Fushe Kosove had been burned,

23     destroyed, razed to the ground, and emptied of the Albanian population,

24     the bodies that were on the street were half burnt or burnt bodies; and

25     later on people identified them as Albanian victims.  The police and army

Page 2347

 1     forces were on both sides of the road or the street, and they could see

 2     the bodies lying there.

 3        Q.   Ms. Bala, would I be right to say that you did not see the way in

 4     which those persons came to grief?

 5        A.   Well, there was such destruction in Fushe Kosove, that's what led

 6     me to assume that they were Albanian victims; however, I was not there

 7     when that happened.

 8        Q.   Thank you.  What I want to know is about you walking along the

 9     rail track from Djeneral Jankovic to Blace.  Blace is in Macedonia, can

10     you confirm that for me, please.

11        A.   It's a neutral area between Kosova and Macedonia.

12        Q.   Thank you.  Let's move on in order to avoid wasting time.  There

13     is a border there.  A town is always either side of the border, not in

14     between.  Can you tell me whether the policemen and officers at any point

15     followed you as you were walking along the railway track?

16        A.   We went to Hani i Elezet, close to the cement factory, and there

17     we found police and army forces with their barrels pointed towards us.

18     They started to check for IDs, but then they stopped, and they forced us

19     to walk two by two on that rail track.

20        Q.   You are not answering my question, are you?  My question was:

21     Did the police provide security for you, did they escort you, while you

22     were walking along the railway track?  That is the gist of my question.

23     Yes or no, please.

24        A.   Your question is not clear to me; however, I will try to answer

25     it.  As I said, the forces were there expecting us, and we were ordered

Page 2348

 1     to form lines, to walk along -- between the tracks and not to go outside

 2     the tracks.

 3        Q.   My question is:  Were policemen or soldiers or both groups

 4     following you or escorting you as you were walking down the railway

 5     track?

 6        A.   No, they were not escorting us because both sides of the rail

 7     track were mined.  If they had escorted us they would have been blown up.

 8        Q.   Thank you.

 9             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I do have a couple

10     of questions left, but I'm ready to drop them because I think it would be

11     fair to leave the OTP some time to re-examine the witness.

12             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much, Mr. Djurdjic.

13                           [Trial Chamber and Registrar confer]

14             JUDGE PARKER:  Are you wanting to tender this further map?  We'll

15     get you a piece of red string to put on your finger.

16             MR. DJURDJIC: [Interpretation] Thank you very much, Your Honour.

17     I think that would probably be the best solution.  Yes, please, I would

18     like to tender this.

19             JUDGE PARKER:  It will be received.

20             THE REGISTRAR:  That will be D00053, Your Honours.

21             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much.

22             Mr. Behar, do you have re-examination?

23             MR. BEHAR:  Yes, just very briefly.  Thank you.

24                           Re-examination by Mr. Behar:

25        Q.   Ms. Bala, you were asked some questions about the location of the

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 1     railway station and then particular question from His Honour.  Can I ask

 2     you:  Do you remember what you passed as you walked with the convoy on

 3     the way to the train station?

 4        A.   Well, I'll mention them one by one.  From Llapi Street, where I

 5     live, we went to Proleteri Street, then from Proleteri Street to the main

 6     street, to the brotherhood square.  From this square we went towards the

 7     train station or the Dragodan road.  We reached the Dragodan bridge, and

 8     from there the train station is not very far away so we went from there

 9     to the train station.

10        Q.   Thank you.  And just so I'm clear then, does that mean -- did you

11     go through the centre en route?

12        A.   The brotherhood and unity square, there is a monument there, that

13     is the centre of Prishtina.  We went through the centre.  However, there

14     were other convoys coming from all corners of Prishtina that were joining

15     the main convoy, going through the centre.

16        Q.   Thank you.  And my final question is just with respect to a

17     question you were asked by counsel for Mr. Djordjevic.  He asked you why

18     you'd never mentioned seeing masks or painted faces before in any of your

19     statements.

20             MR. BEHAR:  Can we have the witness's addendum up on the screen,

21     it was marked as P00420.  We'll need the addendum and page 2 of the

22     addendum.

23                           [Prosecution counsel confer]

24             MR. BEHAR:  There.

25        Q.   Just drawing your attention then to paragraph 9, about line 5,

Page 2350

 1     again this is from your addendum taken in 2006.  Can you just read that

 2     line out loud for us.

 3        A.   [In English] I have to read it?

 4        Q.   If you could read it aloud for us, and I'll just ask you a very

 5     brief question --

 6             JUDGE PARKER:  Would you prefer it in Albanian, which is coming

 7     up now.

 8             MR. BEHAR:

 9        Q.   There's a line there that references painted faces.  If you could

10     read that aloud.  You can take a moment to find it.

11        A.   I don't have it not yet now in Albanian, but I will continue in

12     English to read.

13        Q.   Okay.  If that's fine.  I know you do speak English.

14        A.   Yeah, I do.  Thank you.

15             "I was able to distinguish the police from VJ by their uniforms.

16     The VJ," that means Vojska Jugoslavije, "had green uniforms, the police

17     blue.  Badges or patches worn on the uniforms would have Yugoslav Army

18     and MUP," that means Ministarstvo Unutrasnjih Poslova, "in Serbian,

19     written on them.  Additionally, the police tended to have police, again

20     in Serbian, written on the back of the uniforms.  The only forces that I

21     was unable to distinguish were the person who dressed all in black.  They

22     wore no patches on their clothing.  They wore masks or have painted faces

23     and they would wear scarves on the head and arms" --

24        Q.   That's fine.  I'll just stop you there.  Does that help you to

25     remember whether or not you had mentioned this before in a previous

Page 2351

 1     statement?

 2        A.   Yeah.

 3             MR. BEHAR:  Those are my questions, Your Honour.  Thank you.

 4             JUDGE PARKER:  Thank you very much.

 5                           [Trial Chamber confers]

 6             JUDGE PARKER:  You'll be pleased to know, Ms. Bala, that that

 7     concludes the questions for you.  We've just finished in time for the

 8     day, fortunately.  The Chamber would like to thank you for coming again

 9     to The Hague and for the assistance that you have been able to give, and

10     you may now, of course, now return to your ordinary activities.  And when

11     we rise, the court officer will show you out.  So once again, thank you.

12             THE WITNESS:  Thank you very much.

13             JUDGE PARKER:  We resume tomorrow in the afternoon at 2.15.

14                           --- Whereupon the hearing adjourned at 1.45 p.m.,

15                           to be reconvened on Tuesday, the 17th day of

16                           March, 2009, at 2.15 p.m.

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