Page 6709
1 Thursday, 31 May 2001
2 [Open session]
3 [The accused entered court]
4 [The witness entered court]
5 --- Upon commencing at 9.33 a.m.
6 JUDGE HUNT: Call the case, please.
7 THE REGISTRAR: Yes, Your Honour. This is the case number
8 IT-97-25-T, the Prosecutor versus Krnojelac.
9 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, is this witness going to say something
10 that he didn't say in the Kunarac case?
11 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Yes. This witness will say something
12 that he did not say in the Kunarac case or, rather, we will not ask him
13 questions about matters that he testified to in the Kunarac case.
14 JUDGE HUNT: Would it not be simpler to take advantage of the Rule
15 which provides that the transcript of his evidence in that other case,
16 suitably redacted, can be tendered and then you ask him anything in
17 addition that you want to ask him and the Prosecution asks him anything in
18 addition to what they want to ask him?
19 We're running a long way behind on the original estimate. It
20 seems to me that, seeing that we've got it all in writing now, that it
21 would be an enormous waste of time to take him through it again. You can
22 ask him anything in addition you want to, but efficiency, I think, demands
23 we get through this witness in the easiest possible way. Your client
24 doesn't suffer in any way and neither does the Prosecution.
25 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honour, I fully agree and the
Page 6710
1 Defence did not plan to ask him about matters he testified to in the
2 Kunarac case. We will only ask him about circumstances directly related
3 to this case.
4 As for the transcript, the Defence tenders the transcript --
5 JUDGE HUNT: It will have to be redacted to take his name off it
6 and such things, anything that identifies him because, as I recall, he did
7 not have a pseudonym there, but that could be done in time. But if you
8 take it through -- take him through anything you want to say in addition
9 to that evidence and the Prosecution can ask him any questions that it
10 wants to ask him in addition to what's in that evidence, we'll save an
11 enormous amount of time.
12 Has the Prosecution got any problem with that,
13 Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff?
14 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: No, Your Honour. We actually have the
15 transcript here for everybody, and it's -- he had a pseudonym at the
16 time.
17 JUDGE HUNT: He didn't have the same protective measures. That's
18 right.
19 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Yes. And so it could be done right now. We
20 could give this document to the Defence so they can tender it.
21 JUDGE HUNT: But in case he's worried that he may be in some way
22 tied in, we'd better redact even the pseudonym that he had there and
23 substitute "Witness B" here.
24 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: That will have to be done. We don't have
25 that done, of course.
Page 6711
1 JUDGE HUNT: Well, if that's agreed, and if we may say so, that
2 will certainly save us a lot of time, that transcript will be
3 Exhibit D153. It won't be released until it's been fully redacted.
4 You proceed now, Mr. Vasic. You're obviously very familiar with
5 what's in the transcript. You take him to what you want to add to it.
6 WITNESS: WITNESS B [Resumed]
7 [Witness answered through interpreter]
8 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.
9 Examined by Mr. Vasic: [Continued]
10 Q. Good morning, sir. Yesterday, we talked about the injuries you
11 sustained in a traffic accident and about how you were sent to do an X-ray
12 and you had to go to town A to do that. Did you go to have this CAT
13 scan?
14 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I would like to ask the usher to
15 switch on the transcript, the monitor for the witness.
16 JUDGE HUNT: The transcript is on. I can see it reflected in the
17 window, actually.
18 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
19 Q. Sir, did you hear my question?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. I asked you whether you went to have this CAT scan.
22 A. No, I said I did not go to town A.
23 Q. Why didn't you go?
24 A. Because the situation was such that it was impossible to reach
25 town A.
Page 6712
1 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, remember to turn off your microphone while
2 he's answering. He's speaking so quietly it probably hasn't been
3 conveyed, but you'd better make sure you switch it off.
4 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour. Obviously I
5 have forgotten.
6 Q. Sir, is it the case that you were unable to go there because
7 hostilities broke out?
8 A. Well, fighting hadn't started, but there were checkpoints. There
9 was a lot of traffic on the road or a lot of trouble. You couldn't go to
10 every town, and that was the reason.
11 Q. And when fighting started in town C, where were you?
12 A. I was in town C.
13 Q. What were you doing then?
14 A. Well, because I was injured, I was in bed. I was at home.
15 Q. And how long did you stay in bed in your home?
16 A. Well, for some 20 days or so.
17 Q. And did they come to your home to mobilise you?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. What did you do then?
20 A. I went with my brother-in-law to the doctor. He took me there,
21 and the doctor gave me a certificate, saying I was exempt from the army.
22 When I got back from the doctor, my brother-in-law took this certificate
23 to the school centre where there was a man who was mobilising people for
24 the army and there --
25 Q. If I understood you correctly, you were declared unfit because of
Page 6713
1 your injury.
2 A. They sent me to a medical board, a military medical board. In a
3 few days, they sent me to this medical board, and they gave me a temporary
4 release from the army.
5 Q. After a certain time, did you recover, and what did you do when
6 you recovered?
7 A. Well, when I recovered, the fighting in town had stopped. Then I
8 started smuggling, selling things on the black market; cigarettes, coffee,
9 food, small amounts.
10 Q. Why didn't you do your job?
11 A. Well, I couldn't do my job because nothing was being done and
12 there was no construction going on, and all the other construction workers
13 had been mobilised.
14 Q. You told us that you smuggled cigarettes, coffee, food. How was
15 town supplied? How was it that you could do this?
16 A. Well, there was nothing there, and a few of us smugglers, there
17 were more women and men, managed to get some things through from
18 Montenegro. Supplies in the town was zero.
19 Q. And did you do this throughout the war?
20 A. Yes. Yes.
21 Q. Do you know the Krnojelac family?
22 A. Yes, I know the Krnojelac family. The first one I met was Mico's
23 son Spomenko [redacted]. He was a student then, and he
24 got a job through the student work agency in [redacted].
25 Q. Before the hostilities broke out, did Spomenko Krnojelac own a
Page 6714
1 cafe in [redacted]?
2 A. Yes. Before the war, they managed to open a cafe where I helped
3 him out and it was a good business, this cafe.
4 Q. Did you frequent this cafe?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Can you tell us who the guests of this cafe were as regards ethnic
7 background?
8 A. Well, as regards the patrons, they were of all nationalities. Pop
9 music was played, mostly foreign, and Zdravko Colic, Kemal Monteno,
10 Indexi, Tifa, they were local bands and singers.
11 Q. Did you visit this cafe immediately before hostilities broke out?
12 A. Yes, I did, but not very often because I was in the field working,
13 but whenever I had an opportunity, I dropped in.
14 Q. Did you ever hear anyone singing or playing nationalist songs
15 there?
16 A. No. I'm certain of that.
17 Q. When you were there the last few times, did you see Muslims coming
18 in?
19 A. Oh, yes, of course. They were people who came in almost every
20 evening.
21 Q. At the end of 1992, in the autumn, did you meet Krnojelac in town
22 C?
23 A. Yes, we met at the market where I was selling goods.
24 Q. Did you talk then, and if you did, what did you talk about?
25 A. He asked me whether I could come to his house to see something
Page 6715
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Page 6716
1 there, as a mason, and he told me that he had received some help from some
2 committee to repair his house. And he asked me to tell him whether a roof
3 could be erected as the house was or whether something else had to be done
4 to it first. I told him I would come in two or three days' time, and I
5 think that on the third day, I went there between 8.00 and 9.00 a.m.
6 When I arrived there, I saw a few people at the building, clearing
7 up the remains of the roof which had been burnt and rubble from the
8 walls. I told him that he could put a roof on the walls as they were
9 without any problems, of course when the remaining parts of the old roof,
10 which had been burnt, were removed.
11 Q. For the record, I have to ask you - it seems that not everything
12 is in the record - you mentioned the help the family Krnojelac had
13 received. From whom was it?
14 A. They said that the executive committee of the municipality had
15 done something to help them.
16 Q. Apart from this time, did you visit the house at any other time?
17 A. Yes, two or three times more.
18 Q. Why did you go there two or three times more?
19 A. Well, because the first time I was there, I saw a group of people
20 who had come to work there. I knew two of them. They were Muslims from
21 our town. One of them was Zanga, a plumber, and other one was Polani. I
22 knew him because he owned a cafe in town C.
23 Q. Sir, I asked you why you went to the house. Did you supervise the
24 work or what?
25 A. No, I didn't supervise it. I just came to make suggestions, if
Page 6717
1 necessary, to give advice, not to supervise. I had no right to
2 supervise. I don't have the papers I need to supervise other people's
3 work.
4 Q. Did you ask how come Zanga and Polani were there?
5 A. Yes, I did. It seems to me that they said that the army had made
6 that possible for the people from KP Dom to do that.
7 Q. Was that part of the assistance provided by the executive
8 committee of the municipality for the repair of the house?
9 A. Yes, yes.
10 Q. Did you talk to any of those men of Muslim nationality on that
11 occasion?
12 A. Yes, on one occasion I did, and that was when the lady brought us
13 lunch. So I talked to Polani a bit because I knew him well. I often went
14 to his cafe.
15 Q. Do you remember what you talked about?
16 A. Well --
17 Q. Wait. Wait for me to finish my question and wait for it to be
18 interpreted and then -- otherwise, your voice will be heard and then there
19 will be no sense for the protective measures to be in place. So please
20 follow the cursor on the monitor.
21 A. Well, we didn't talk much, but he did tell me that -- that Madam
22 Slavica was looking after them well, bringing them good food, fruit
23 juices. He even told me that one occasion he had beer.
24 Q. Did he tell you how the members of the Krnojelac family were
25 treating him?
Page 6718
1 A. Well, he told me they were treating him well, and he even asked me
2 whether he would be sent to do more work of that kind.
3 Q. Did you know at that time what Mr. Milorad Krnojelac was doing?
4 A. Well, I heard that -- that Milorad was working in KP Dom, that he
5 was in charge of the Drina Economic Unit, mainly cattle breeding, the
6 pigs, the cows, the hens.
7 Q. And how did you hear this and from whom?
8 A. I heard this from my customers who came to buy coffee and
9 cigarettes from me. And they used to call him Mekinjar because he went
10 around looking for cattle feed for the pigs, the cows, the chickens.
11 Q. You said they called him Mekinjar. Can you explain this?
12 A. Well, the people around the town who had pigs and chickens could
13 not buy bran anywhere and bran is cattle feed, and 50, 30 kilogram sacks
14 of bran. The only way they could get supplies of bran was through the
15 Drina organisation at Velecevo, at Brioni, because that was the only place
16 where cattle feed arrived. So "Mekinjar" would mean bran man.
17 Q. After the end of the war, did you continue doing your trade?
18 A. Yes. Immediately after the end of the war, I started my own
19 business and I continued working, doing the same job I had done before the
20 war.
21 Q. Did you go often and do you still often go to towns A and B?
22 A. Since I used to work for an international humanitarian
23 organisation from [redacted], and their headquarters were in
24 [redacted],
25 [redacted].
Page 6719
1 Q. Sir, I would only like to ask you to use the letters we have
2 pre-designated instead of the real place names. During your stay in those
3 cities and towns, who did you contact?
4 A. I apologise. I hope this will go better from now on.
5 Q. Can you tell me, when you went to those towns, who did you
6 contact?
7 A. Well, since I had a large circle of acquaintances and friends in
8 my own home town among Muslims, or Bosniaks as they're called nowadays,
9 and they are mainly in towns A and B nowadays, I meet with them very often
10 there. At my colleagues', number one, and in various cafes.
11 Q. Do the people who, in 1992/1993, were detained in the KP Dom Foca,
12 people of Muslim ethnicity, also join this company?
13 A. Well, a colleague of mine told me that those people do come, and I
14 may have seen some of them. And he always kept telling me what these
15 people say about Mr. Krnojelac, Mico Krnojelac.
16 Q. So what is it that you heard? What do these people say about
17 Milorad Krnojelac?
18 A. Well, those people say, as my colleague number one conveyed to me,
19 that this man is not guilty of anything, that he had no say in anything.
20 And they always kept mentioning some crazy Savo Todovic, who I personally
21 don't know. Their main topic of conversation is the so-called Black
22 Savo.
23 Q. When you came to testify here, have you brought any statements?
24 A. Well, you see, this colleague number one of mine, talking to me
25 about all those people who had been to the KP Dom, thought that he was
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Page 6721
1 getting on my nerves with all these positive stories about Mico, and at
2 one point, I asked him if he could give me something in writing. And he
3 did write something.
4 And then I asked a number of other friends whom I see whether all
5 those rumours were true, whether anyone was willing to put something in
6 writing, and so it happens that I have four letters or statements,
7 whatever you want to call them.
8 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, would you look at line 23 of the
9 transcript from page 10. Is that a correct description of the stories?
10 "... thought that he was getting on my nerves with all these positive
11 stories about Mico." Is that what he said?
12 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Well, the witness said that this
13 colleague, that he thought that this colleague was trying to irritate him,
14 to get on his nerves with all these positive stories about Mico. But I
15 will ask the witness again what he really meant to say.
16 Q. Sir, why did you ask this friend number one to put in writing what
17 he was saying?
18 A. I asked him to put it in writing because I thought it was their
19 intention to irritate me, to get on my nerves, that they were pulling my
20 leg by telling me all this. So I said, "Can you put anything in
21 writing?" And colleague number one immediately said, "Yes, I will."
22 Q. Do you have these statements with you?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. Can you show them to us?
25 A. Yes.
Page 6722
1 Q. Can you tell us anything about the content of these statements?
2 JUDGE HUNT: What's your attitude to this, Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff?
3 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Your Honour, we object against it. We do not
4 think this kind of whatever we will call it is reliable at all, and it is
5 not a written statement that we could produce under 92 bis or any other.
6 JUDGE HUNT: I was about to look for 94. Oh, of course it's been
7 deleted, 94 ter. Because it certainly wouldn't get in under 92 bis unless
8 it's taken in accordance with the requirements of that Rule.
9 Well, now, if it's objected to, Mr. Vasic, how can we take in this
10 statement? You see, there used to be a Rule which enabled statements to
11 be given by way of corroboration, but that's been replaced by
12 Rule 92 bis. And I won't worry about the particular factors to be taken
13 into account, it's the technical problem that I have with it. There must
14 be a declaration, and it has to be witnessed by a person authorised to
15 witness such a declaration in accordance with the law and procedure of a
16 state or presiding officer appointed by the Registrar of the Tribunal for
17 that purpose.
18 So just on the technicalities of it, it is out, I would have
19 thought, but I'm not sure that it would be important in that -- insofar as
20 it purports to deal with the acts and conduct of the accused. But in any
21 event, if it merely goes to his character, it would go in provided that
22 the technicalities are observed.
23 What is the nature of this? That's why I asked you whether the
24 transcript was correct. I thought he'd said a different word or I thought
25 the interpreters had used a different word. But is it something that goes
Page 6723
1 simply to your client's character, that he's the sort of person that would
2 not have done the things that were alleged against him?
3 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] This statement, as far as I am aware,
4 goes to the character of this -- of my client, to other people's opinion
5 of him, and in part, it also relates to what was said about whether such a
6 man could ever have had a say in anything at the KP Dom.
7 JUDGE HUNT: Well, the first part of it as to his character, I
8 should think the Trial Chamber would normally encourage people to put that
9 sort of material in writing, but the second part of it is of some vitality
10 in the issues of this case, and a document which has no sanction imposed
11 for not telling the truth would certainly not be admissible.
12 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I would like to ask the
13 witness whether he has perhaps the telephone numbers or if there is any
14 other way in which my learned colleagues from the Prosecution could verify
15 with these people the truthfulness of what is in these statements before
16 this is tendered.
17 The problems with the statements of these people is that they
18 would generally not like it to become known in [redacted] that they had
19 written this.
20 JUDGE HUNT: You, too, should be using the letters on the
21 pseudonym sheet, having remonstrated with the witness for not doing so.
22 So that will be redacted.
23 But, Mr. Vasic, I think you have to draw a very careful
24 distinction. I'm not sure whether the Prosecution would think that it
25 worthy to challenge such statements merely so far as they go to the
Page 6724
1 character of your client. They may. I would be surprised if they did,
2 but if they did, we'll deal with it. But the other material is of grave
3 importance in this case. How can you expect the Prosecution to go
4 checking up on what somebody is prepared to put in writing but not to come
5 along and say or even to go through the procedures of this Rule whereby
6 there is some sanction to be imposed that they can be prosecuted for
7 swearing if what they say is untrue? That's the whole purpose of
8 Rule 92 bis, to try to put documents in writing where they are not greatly
9 in dispute or where they can be accepted as being reliable. But to have a
10 piece of paper that they've written out and which you're asking this
11 witness to read to us doesn't even come close to complying with the
12 general requirements.
13 Certainly I think that it might be a good idea, if there can be
14 some procedure of talking to these people, you should speak to the witness
15 about, and we would give you permission to do so. I don't think we need
16 to get their telephone numbers written into the transcript, for example.
17 But what I am anxious to do is to point out to you, unless you've got a
18 very good argument, there's no way in which we would allow into evidence
19 statements of this nature, if they're objected to, which go to a vital
20 issue in this case about what your client's powers were at the KP Dom.
21 Now, if you want to proceed in relation to the character evidence,
22 I'll ask the Prosecution what their attitude is about that.
23 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour. I am just
24 looking at these papers since the witness has just brought this with him
25 and the Defence counsel had no time to review it in detail. I'm just
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Page 6726
1 trying to see whether the entire wording of the statement is related to
2 the character of my client or at least if there is just one statement
3 which is completely related to that subject only.
4 JUDGE HUNT: Yes. Just one moment.
5 [Trial Chamber confers]
6 JUDGE HUNT: Well, Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff, assuming there is some
7 material in this that goes solely to credit, would there be any formal
8 objection to it?
9 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Your Honour, we think he should simply file,
10 following the 92 bis procedure, file a written statement, and if it is
11 only to the character of the accused, we would not object. But it looks
12 to me that it's more to Savo Todovic's role and Mr. Krnojelac's role in
13 the prison. That is what we fear it is. And we don't know. We haven't
14 seen it either, so --
15 JUDGE HUNT: I'm rather surprised, if I may say so, that it's been
16 put up without counsel having read it, but let's assume for the moment
17 that there is material in it which goes only to character. Such evidence
18 should still normally be given in a statement which is under the sanction
19 of the procedures laid down in Rule 92 bis, but character evidence is a
20 matter which, if it comes in a written statement, it's often tendered. It
21 doesn't really ever get cross-examined upon in any way.
22 It would be, I think, a very long process for the Defence to have
23 to go through the written statement Rules. You see, we have to have
24 somebody appointed by the Registrar or they have to go before a Judge down
25 in Bosnia. It will take a considerable amount of time, if it only just
Page 6727
1 goes to character, I'm saying.
2 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Your Honour, we would not request that. But
3 what we would request is to see the form of the written document in
4 translation and see what it is, and then we can say, yes, it's only
5 character evidence, let it get in.
6 JUDGE HUNT: That's fair enough, if I may say so.
7 Well, now, look, Mr. Vasic, I understand that you've only just
8 been given this, but may I suggest that you, when you have some time,
9 extract the particular matters, let's have them translated. I think we
10 can't impose the obligations on Ms. Dicklich every time to have to
11 translate for the Prosecution so that they can see what it is in relation
12 to character that you want to put in and there may be no objection to
13 those statements being read onto the record in some way.
14 But in relation to the other matters, the Trial Chamber is not
15 going to allow you to put them in in that way. If you want to call those
16 witnesses, by all means, but it's not going to go in in a double hearsay
17 movement like this.
18 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Yes. Well, thank you, Your Honour.
19 The Defence will certainly have this translated. We actually submitted
20 this to translation yesterday, and as soon as we get the translation,
21 we'll hand it over to our learned friends.
22 I have looked through the first two statements, and I don't see
23 any facts other than those related to Mr. Krnojelac's character. Perhaps
24 we could get identification numbers for these documents. After my learned
25 friend has received the translation, we may see and discuss what to do
Page 6728
1 with this part that relates to Mr. Krnojelac's character.
2 JUDGE HUNT: How many documents have you got?
3 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I have four statements.
4 JUDGE HUNT: They can be marked for identification 9, 10, 11, and
5 12. That's not the IDD series. And then -- if they go into evidence,
6 they will be given fresh numbers. Yes. Now, can you proceed with
7 something else?
8 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honours. Sir, I have
9 no further questions on this subject. I have only one more question to
10 ask of this witness.
11 Q. Do you know who owns the establishment where the Cafe --
12 THE INTERPRETER: The interpreter didn't hear the name of the
13 cafe.
14 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
15 Q. -- is now located in town C?
16 A. Yes, I know it is owned by the Slovenian company called Planika.
17 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, the interpreters didn't hear the name of
18 the cafe.
19 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour. It's an
20 Italian word, Uno.
21 Q. Do you know who owns this cafe in the establishment which you say
22 is owned by the Slovenian company called Planika?
23 A. Yes. The cafe is run by Bozidar Krnojelac, a son of Mico's.
24 Q. Was this establishment ever owned by Mr. Senad Sahimpasic
25 nicknamed Saja?
Page 6729
1 A. No.
2 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, sir. Your Honours, the
3 Defence has no further questions.
4 JUDGE HUNT: Thank you.
5 Cross-examination, Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff.
6 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: Thank you, Your Honour.
7 Cross-examined by Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff:
8 Q. Good morning, Witness.
9 A. Good morning.
10 Q. You mentioned that you visited the Cafe Gong before the war and
11 that you didn't hear any nationalistic songs in there. You stopped going
12 there after the accident because you were sick; right?
13 A. When I had this accident in late March and the war started on the
14 8th of April, the Gong didn't work from the 8th of April. That's
15 precisely the period when I was injured and didn't move around.
16 Q. I asked you if you stopped going there because you were sick, and
17 that's yes; right? In March 1992, you stopped going there so you can't
18 tell us anything about the first --
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. And nowadays do you go to the Cafe Gong?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. Do you also go to the Cafe Uno?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. You are friends with Spomenko and Bozidar; right?
25 A. Well, just a little, piccolo.
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Page 6731
1 Q. Spomenko and Bozidar and, in particular, Bozidar, were they
2 members of the Bosnian Serb army during the war?
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. Bozidar, was he a member of the Dragan Nikolic unit; do you know
5 that?
6 A. I don't know about that. I don't know where he was.
7 Q. You saw the house of Mr. Krnojelac destroyed during the war, but
8 you didn't see how it happened; right?
9 A. No. No, I didn't.
10 Q. You said that you, later on, went several times to this house and
11 you said you started to go there in autumn 1992. And these other times,
12 when was it? During which period did you go to the house?
13 A. I'm afraid I didn't understand the question.
14 Q. You said in autumn 1992 you went to the house first to check with
15 Mr. Krnojelac if the roof could be put on, on these walls, and you said
16 afterwards, you went there several -- on several occasions. When, which
17 months?
18 A. Yes. Well, months --
19 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I apologise, Your Honour. Did I hear
20 this well? I -- it says in the transcript that he was there to check with
21 Mr. Krnojelac. The witness wasn't there with Mr. Krnojelac. It may have
22 been one -- a member of his family, but I'm afraid if we put in
23 Mr. Krnojelac, it might be understood as referring to the witness -- to
24 the client.
25 JUDGE HUNT: It was some other Mr. Krnojelac, wasn't it, from
Page 6732
1 memory. I'm just looking for it in the transcript.
2 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: I actually thought it was Mr. Milorad
3 Krnojelac.
4 Q. When you went -- you told us that first he talked to you and said
5 please have a look?
6 A. No. No. It was Spomenko, his son.
7 JUDGE HUNT: That's certainly my memory of it. I'll check it, if
8 you like. Anyway, you've got an answer.
9 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: I've got an answer.
10 Q. So when you were on the marketplace and you were first approached,
11 it was Spomenko?
12 A. Yes, Spomenko.
13 Q. And when you went to the house on the other occasions, it was
14 always Spomenko that you met there and talked to?
15 A. Yes, it was always Spomenko.
16 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: With the help of the usher, I would like to
17 show the witness the photo, Defence Exhibit B1.
18 Q. Sir ... [B/C/S interpretation] ...
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. Does it look like this nowadays?
21 A. No, not nowadays.
22 Q. What is different? Is it now all fixed?
23 A. No.
24 Q. So what is -- what is different?
25 A. The difference is here on the facade, this part of the facade has
Page 6733
1 been finished, and this part has been finished. And the woodwork has been
2 put on this floor. So the facade has been finished here, and the
3 woodwork, and this part has been covered.
4 Q. So it has further been worked on; right?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Were you involved --
7 JUDGE HUNT: Ms. Uertz-Retzlaff, if I can just get it recorded, at
8 pages 5 and 6 of today's transcript, the witness clearly did say it was
9 the son, Spomenko Krnojelac, to whom he spoke.
10 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF:
11 Q. Did you work -- did you continue to work -- to get involved in
12 this construction work and are you still helping on the house?
13 A. No.
14 Q. Does the Krnojelac family live now in the house?
15 A. Yes.
16 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: With the help of the usher, I would now like
17 to show the photo B4, Defence photograph B4.
18 Q. Can you tell us where in the house - this is now the back side -
19 is the Cafe Gong? Is it visible on this photo?
20 A. Here.
21 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: The witness was showing at the wooden complex
22 in front of the main house with the three small roofs. Thank you.
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. During the war, Milorad Krnojelac and his family lived in an
25 apartment in town; do you know that?
Page 6734
1 A. Yes.
2 Q. It was the apartment of Dr. Ismet Causevic, right, a Muslim who
3 had left the town; is that correct?
4 A. Not Causevic but Sosevic.
5 Q. And Bozidar Krnojelac also lived in an apartment that before the
6 war had belonged to a Muslim; right?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. Do you know the name of the former owner?
9 A. I don't know his name exactly, but I do know it was a lady who was
10 the owner.
11 Q. How did he get this apartment? Who gave it to him; do you know
12 that?
13 A. The government authorities, the executive committee.
14 Q. Did you help to renovate this apartment of Bozidar?
15 A. No, not me. I didn't.
16 Q. Are you aware that this apartment was painted by detainees, Muslim
17 detainees from the KP Dom?
18 A. I didn't understand your question. What do you mean?
19 Q. Are you aware, do you know that this apartment of Bozidar was
20 painted and renovated by detainees from the KP Dom? Are you aware of
21 this?
22 A. No, I'm not aware of it.
23 Q. You mentioned that Bozidar runs this Cafe Uno. Does he also run a
24 grocery shop or a little shop in town?
25 A. No. There was a grocery shop there which has now been turned into
Page 6735
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Page 6736
1 a cafe.
2 Q. The Cafe Uno or what?
3 A. Where Cafe Uno is now, there used to be a greengrocer's. Now
4 there is no longer a greengrocer's there but instead the Cafe Uno.
5 Q. And the greengrocery store, that was run by Saja Sahimpasic before
6 the war, right?
7 A. No.
8 Q. Who ran it?
9 A. It was being adapted. It was being reconstructed. And as far as
10 I know, Saja leased it from the Slovenian company Planika, and he wanted
11 to open a bank. However, this was interrupted by the war, and some people
12 from Slovenia have turned up now who are trying to sell the place or even
13 to open a footwear shop.
14 Q. Let's return to Mr. Milorad Krnojelac's house. You were there on
15 several occasions, and you have described whom you saw there and to whom
16 you talked. While you were there, materials were brought to the -- to the
17 construction site, right? You were present when --
18 A. Yes. I wasn't present when materials were brought but only on one
19 occasion when something was being loaded, rubble was being loaded.
20 Q. And the driver was from the KP Dom and the truck as well, right?
21 A. Yes. Yes. Yes, from KP Dom.
22 Q. When -- what did these workers actually do when you saw them? The
23 Muslim detainees on the construction site, what did they do?
24 A. They were removing part of the roof that had been burnt, beams
25 that had not been burnt completely, and they were also removing the
Page 6737
1 plaster from the walls that had become separated from the walls.
2 Q. And afterwards, when the roof was actually built, were you also
3 occasionally at the house?
4 A. No. It was locked up and nobody came there.
5 Q. Did you see that detainees from the KP Dom made the staircase in
6 the house? Are you aware of this?
7 A. No, I'm not aware of this.
8 Q. Spomenko Krnojelac, he guarded the Muslim detainees while they
9 worked on the house, right?
10 A. Well, yes. He was the only one who was there wearing a military
11 uniform.
12 Q. Did he have a weapon?
13 A. Well, as for long weapons, no, but whether he had a pistol or not,
14 I really can't say. Maybe he did and maybe he didn't. You couldn't see
15 it, but whether he had it on him, I wouldn't know.
16 Q. You yourself did not speak with Mr. Krnojelac about his role at
17 the KP Dom, right?
18 A. Well, no. I know him only a little.
19 Q. And you never went to the KP Dom during the war yourself, right?
20 A. No, never, either before the war or during the war.
21 Q. And you said already that you did not know Savo Todovic at all,
22 right?
23 A. No. No, I didn't.
24 Q. So you can't tell us anything about who was in which position
25 there?
Page 6738
1 A. No, I really can't.
2 Q. You mentioned that the food was a problem during the war, and you
3 yourself actually smuggled food. But the Krnojelacs had food; right?
4 They even had beer.
5 A. I didn't go to their house, so I don't know.
6 Q. But you told us that Mr. Polani told you they got food from
7 Mrs. Krnojelac. They even got beer there.
8 A. Yes, that's correct. They had potato pie.
9 Q. He bought the food, right? The Krnojelac family could buy food
10 and had access to food in town?
11 A. Well, you see, there was very little food on the market. A
12 peasant would bring some potatoes, some beans to sell. I would bring some
13 cigarettes, some coffee, and it was very expensive. A bar of cigarettes
14 was a hundred marks.
15 Q. I'm not very accustomed to the habits of the Serbs in Bosnia and
16 Herzegovina, but I assume that when you work at a house, the owner of the
17 house gives you food. It's a custom to feed the workers on your house,
18 right?
19 A. Yes. That was the custom before the war. It was a good custom.
20 It's gone now. We're poor now.
21 Q. But still, if you have people working in your place, visitors, you
22 feed them, right? It's a custom in your country.
23 A. Yes. Yes.
24 MS. UERTZ-RETZLAFF: No further questions, Your Honour.
25 JUDGE HUNT: Any re-examination, Mr. Vasic?
Page 6739
1 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.
2 Re-examined by Mr. Vasic:
3 Q. To my learned friend's question, you replied that the Muslim
4 prisoners who were working there told you they received food. What did
5 they say? Was it extra food, special food?
6 A. No. I said it was pie. It was potato pie.
7 JUDGE HUNT: Sir, do remember to pause before you commence your
8 answer. It's very easy, once you're speaking the same language, to forget
9 it.
10 A. I apologise.
11 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
12 Q. Are you aware of or do you know whether the Krnojelac family has
13 some land in the village of Bunovi, where they come from?
14 A. Yes.
15 Q. Do you know whether this land, at the relevant time, was farmed,
16 whether someone from the family worked on the land?
17 A. Well, yes. Any land that was available was cultivated; not only
18 their land but all land. It was the only way we could survive.
19 Q. Thank you, sir.
20 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] With the help of the usher, I would
21 like to show the witness Exhibit D1.
22 Q. Sir, to my learned friend's question, you showed us some
23 differences in relation to the way the house looks in this photograph and
24 the way it looks now. I would like to ask you whether the house looked
25 like this in 1992 when you were there, when they were working on it?
Page 6740
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Page 6741
1 A. No. It didn't look like this because there was no roof. There
2 was no roof then. They were just putting on the roof. This was all burnt
3 and there was no scaffolding.
4 Q. Do you know whether, after the roof was erected, as you said, by
5 persons of Muslim nationality, whether anything else was done to the house
6 later, after the end of the war?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. After this further work was done, did the house then look the way
9 it looks in this photograph?
10 A. Could you repeat the question?
11 Q. After the completion of that work, did the house then look the way
12 it looks in the photograph, not the way it looks today?
13 A. I didn't understand the question.
14 Q. You told us that when you were there, Muslim prisoners were
15 putting up the roof, and to my question, you said that after the war,
16 other work was done on the house. I'm saying after what was done
17 immediately after the war, did the house then look the way it looks in
18 this photograph?
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. And after this, after this photograph was taken, was further work
21 done on the house to make it habitable?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. And after the roof was put up in 1992, was anyone able to live in
24 the house?
25 A. No.
Page 6742
1 Q. Was it unfit to live in then?
2 A. Oh, yes, completely unfit.
3 Q. Thank you, sir.
4 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Well, Your Honours, the Defence has no
5 further questions. Thank you.
6 JUDGE HUNT: Thank you, sir, for coming here to give evidence and
7 for the evidence which you've given. You are now free to leave.
8 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Thank you.
9 [The witness withdrew]
10 JUDGE HUNT: We'll get the next witness, please.
11 [The witness entered court]
12 JUDGE HUNT: Sir, would you make the solemn declaration in the
13 document which the usher is showing you.
14 THE WITNESS: I solemnly declare that I will speak the truth, the
15 whole truth, and nothing but the truth.
16 WITNESS: ZARKO VUKOVIC
17 [Witness answered through interpreter]
18 JUDGE HUNT: Sit down, please, sir.
19 Yes, Mr. Vasic.
20 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.
21 Examined by Mr. Vasic:
22 Q. Good day, sir. Do you hear me?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. Can you tell us your full name, please.
25 A. Zarko Vukovic.
Page 6743
1 Q. Sir, before I begin the examination-in-chief, I would like to tell
2 you that because we speak the same language, could you please pause after
3 my question for the question to be interpreted so that everybody else in
4 the courtroom can understand what I'm asking you and what you are
5 replying.
6 I would like to ask you to look at the monitor in front of you
7 where you have a transcript, and to follow the cursor and when you see
8 that the sentence is complete, to begin your answer only then. Did you
9 understand this?
10 A. I think I did.
11 Q. Thank you. Would you tell us your date of birth and place of
12 birth.
13 A. The 17th of February 1943 in Dragojevic in Foca in
14 Bosnia-Herzegovina.
15 Q. Are you married?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. Do you have any children?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. Did you serve in the army and where?
20 A. Yes, in Batajnica, near Belgrade.
21 Q. Were you ever convicted?
22 A. No. No.
23 Q. Would you tell us what schools you completed and what your
24 occupation is.
25 A. The College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Sarajevo,
Page 6744
1 mathematics and physics.
2 Q. And what is your profession?
3 A. Mathematics and physics.
4 Q. You are a teacher?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Could you tell us when you became employed and where.
7 A. I got a job in 1964 in Miljevina.
8 Q. And after this?
9 A. After this, I went to work in the Veselin Maslesa Primary School
10 in Foca.
11 Q. And until when were you employed in the Veselin Maslesa School in
12 Foca?
13 A. Up to 1989.
14 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honour, I don't know if I can see
15 the clock very well from here, but it seems to me it's 11.00.
16 JUDGE HUNT: It certainly is, Mr. Vasic, and you're right on the
17 dot. We'll adjourn until 11.30.
18 --- Recess taken at 11.00 a.m.
19 --- On resuming at 11.32 a.m.
20 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic.
21 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour.
22 Q. Sir, before the break we were discussing the fact that in the
23 primary school called Veselin Maslesa you worked until the year 1989.
24 Tell me, while you were working there, were you the headmaster, the
25 director?
Page 6745
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Page 6746
1 A. Yes. I was its director from 1978 to 1989.
2 Q. After leaving the school in 1989, where did you work?
3 A. I was the director of the work organisation of education for
4 Foca.
5 Q. Until when were you director for this work organisation for
6 education in Foca?
7 A. From 1989 to 1991.
8 Q. And after 1991?
9 A. I was director of the joint venture --
10 THE INTERPRETER: The interpreter did not hear the name of the
11 joint venture. Sorry. "In Brdo. In Brdo."
12 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
13 Q. The interpreters did not hear the name of the joint venture.
14 Would you please repeat?
15 A. It was the joint venture called Uport, U-p-o-r-t.
16 Q. What was the business of this joint venture?
17 A. Those were joint enterprises in sports, entertainment, recreation,
18 and tourism.
19 Q. Can you tell me, how long have you known Milorad Krnojelac?
20 A. I have known him since the seventh grade of primary school.
21 Q. Did you attend the same schools together even later, after primary
22 school?
23 A. Yes, we did, until the second year of high school, when we -- when
24 he switched to teachers' college.
25 Q. Did you meet up with him later, working in the same school?
Page 6747
1 A. In 1973, he came to work in the primary school of Veselin Maslesa
2 where I had already been working.
3 Q. What was the ethnic composition of the primary school Veselin
4 Maslesa where the two of you worked?
5 A. It was mixed. At one point it was even equal, 14 Serbs, 14
6 Montenegrins, and 14 Muslims.
7 Q. What about the ethnic composition of the pupils?
8 A. We never kept a record of that. In my estimate, the Serb and
9 Montenegrin children were slightly in the majority.
10 Q. Can you tell us, what was the reputation of Milorad Krnojelac in
11 the school where you worked together?
12 A. All the staff and even all the pupils thought well of Milorad as
13 an honest man, a man of integrity, a good teacher, and a communicative
14 man.
15 Q. Apart from working in the same school, did you see each other
16 outside working hours?
17 A. Yes. We got on well together, both at work and in private life,
18 and we visited each other.
19 Q. Are you aware of the ethnicity of Mr. Milorad Krnojelac's wife?
20 A. Yes. I knew that she is Croatian.
21 Q. Do you know whether Milorad Krnojelac observed in his household
22 the customs of both Orthodox and Christians and Catholics, since his wife
23 is a Croat?
24 A. He celebrated both Christmases and both Easters.
25 Q. What was the ethnic composition of his friends? Do you know
Page 6748
1 anything about that?
2 A. Yes. They were mixed in terms of ethnicity. People from all
3 three ethnic groups visited that house.
4 Q. In view of the fact that you worked together with Milorad
5 Krnojelac that, as you said, you visited each other and socialised outside
6 working hours, do you happen to know whether Milorad Krnojelac belonged,
7 in 1990 and 1991, to any political party?
8 A. Neither Milorad nor myself belonged to any nationalist political
9 party or national-oriented political party, and this brought us even
10 closer together because we shared the same views.
11 Q. Did Milorad Krnojelac attend any of the rallies organised at the
12 time by political parties?
13 A. No.
14 Q. Did you ever discuss at the time the rising nationalism and, if
15 you did, what was Milorad Krnojelac's opinion on the subject?
16 A. Yes, we did discuss that and we came to the conclusion that it was
17 a folly which would soon pass, but we were wrong.
18 Q. Mr. Vukovic, tell me, in that year, 1992, where did you live in
19 Foca, in which neighbourhood?
20 A. I lived in the centre of the town in a small, one-storey house.
21 That's where I lived then, and that's where I live still.
22 Q. You told us that at the time, you worked in the Uport Enterprise.
23 Could you tell us until when did you go to work there?
24 A. Apart from a couple of interruptions during combat operations, I
25 went to work the entire summer. My job was to organise the work of
Page 6749
1 primary schools, to receive teachers, refugees from other areas, and on
2 the instructions of the president of the executive council, to provide the
3 resources for their salaries which he would eventually reimburse.
4 Q. Was Radojica Mladjenovic president of the executive council at the
5 time?
6 A. Yes.
7 Q. Would you tell me, please, at the time when combat operations
8 started, were primary schools operating in Foca?
9 A. No. The schools stopped working before the outbreak of
10 hostilities because the parents wouldn't send their children to school.
11 They felt that a time of unrest was beginning and, therefore, there could
12 be no classes in schools.
13 Q. Do you mean the parents of both Serb and Muslim ethnicity?
14 A. I mean all parents of all ethnic groups. Many of them had left
15 town and taken their children with them, both Serbs and Muslims.
16 Q. How long before the outbreak of hostilities did schools close
17 down?
18 A. After the weekend, there came a Monday when some children turned
19 up, and there were three classes a day. The following Tuesday, there were
20 very few children. I was in the Veselin Maslesa school when tuition was
21 interrupted. There was no classes that day. Two days later, I think it
22 was a Thursday, shooting started, and there could be no classes after
23 that.
24 Q. After military operations started in Foca on the 8th of April
25 1992, where were you for the duration of these operations?
Page 6750
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Page 6751
1 A. I was in the building where I live. We had shelter in the
2 basement of that building, and that's where I spent most of my time in
3 those days. We had agreed to keep guard at the entrance in two shifts. I
4 and Ekrem Muftic were in one shift and [redacted] and Mile Biletic were in
5 the other shift. We stood guard at the entrance door. Everyone who lived
6 in the building were down there in the shelter because there was shooting,
7 shells were falling very near us.
8 Q. Standing guard by your building, did you have any weapons?
9 A. I did not, but we had agreed, since [redacted] had a pistol, that
10 he would give me his pistol when I was on duty and take it back when it
11 was his turn.
12 Q. And for how long did you continue with this practice of standing
13 guard?
14 A. I don't remember exactly. It might have lasted that first week,
15 perhaps a part of the week after that. Even after the liberation of Foca
16 or, rather, the arrival of the army, we continued standing guard for a
17 while.
18 Q. While you were inside the building and military operations were
19 under way in Foca, was this [redacted] whom you mentioned also in your
20 flat?
21 A. Yes. Since my flat is the nearest to the shelter, whenever
22 shelling would stop, or, rather, whenever fighting would stop and danger
23 would cease for a while, we would go back to the apartment, not only
24 [redacted] but everybody who lived in that entranceway. We got back in to
25 eat, to have coffee. We kept each other company in that apartment while
Page 6752
1 waiting for a new attack when we have to go back to the shelter.
2 We spent the nights in my apartment, the entire Muftic family,
3 [redacted], the Skipins, the Petrovics. Girls would go to the apartment
4 above and spend the nights there on beds, on the floor, on sofas. We were
5 just trying to survive.
6 Q. In that period, did you ever talk on the telephone with
7 Mr. Begovic in the presence of [redacted], and did Mr. Begovic ask you
8 in that conversation to approach Mr. Krnojelac and try to ensure his
9 assistance in the release of Mr. Enes Zekovic, who was detained at the
10 KP Dom?
11 A. In the period while we were together in my apartment above the
12 shelter, I did not have any conversation with Mr. Begovic about Enes
13 Zekovic, and especially not soliciting his intercession at the KP Dom. I
14 don't know what I possibly could have asked of Mr. Krnojelac, because he
15 wasn't warden then.
16 I don't know what happened later, because [redacted] left my
17 apartment and our residential building before Krnojelac became warden of
18 the KP Dom. So this conversation couldn't have taken place.
19 Q. Do you know anything about the position of Mr. Enes Begovic at the
20 time?
21 A. Begovic was the commercial director of the Maglic company, and I
22 think, although I'm not sure, that he was also on the Crisis Staff.
23 Q. Sir, this person you mentioned, this [redacted], can you remember
24 his first name?
25 A. It was [redacted], Sorry.
Page 6753
1 Q. So you're saying you didn't discuss Enes Zekovic with Begovic.
2 Does that mean you couldn't have said you did to [redacted]?
3 A. I never had that conversation, and I could have never said I did
4 to [redacted]. That means that he couldn't have overheard it, nor
5 could he have heard any such thing from me. And at the time, Milorad was
6 not warden of the KP Dom. So there must be some confusion.
7 Q. While [redacted] was residing at your apartment as you
8 described, did you ever talk to Milorad Krnojelac?
9 A. No, never. I talked to him later.
10 Q. Did [redacted] ever call you from [redacted] to ask him
11 to look -- to ask you to look after his son?
12 A. No, he didn't call me.
13 Q. Did you ever tell [redacted] that you were helping him for his
14 father's sake and not for his sake?
15 A. No, I didn't say that to him. I told him that I was helping him
16 because I was thinking of my own son, because he and I had not been
17 friends before the war. We became friends only when the war broke out
18 when we started living together, and then I told him, "If I'm helping you,
19 I'm doing so because I'm thinking of my own son who needs help."
20 Q. Throughout this time when you were in the building in which you
21 and [redacted] lived, did any armed soldiers come to the building?
22 A. Yes. They came as liberators of Foca.
23 Q. Were these soldiers from Foca?
24 A. No. They were called guardsmen.
25 Q. Did Milorad Krnojelac's sons ever enter your building wearing
Page 6754
1 uniforms and carrying weapons?
2 A. No. No, they didn't come at all.
3 Q. Did you ever say to Mr. [redacted] that you recognised
4 Milorad Krnojelac's sons and talked to them when they came to your
5 building in uniform and carrying weapons?
6 A. Well, I couldn't have said that to him because they didn't come
7 there at all.
8 Q. Mr. Vukovic, can you tell me whether you know when Milorad
9 Krnojelac was appointed warden of KP Dom Foca, temporary warden, when and
10 by whom; do you know that?
11 A. I met Milorad in town, and he told me that he had been appointed
12 by the executive committee to be the temporary director of KP Dom, that
13 this was his work obligation. I said to him that I also had received a
14 compulsory work order that I was to organise the work of the schools. And
15 he said to me, "I have accepted this because it's my wartime assignment,
16 and I couldn't have refused it. You know my wife is a Croat so perhaps I
17 could have big problems."
18 Q. Do you know what the sanctions were, the punishment if someone did
19 not respond to a wartime assignment?
20 A. If someone did not respond to a call-up or to go to their military
21 assignment, they had to go to prison.
22 Q. When Mr. Krnojelac told you that he had been appointed temporary
23 warden of KP Dom, did he tell you what his duties were and what he was
24 told by the person from the executive committee who appointed him?
25 A. He said he had been assigned there temporarily to organise work,
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Page 6756
1 the work of the Drina plant, and to repair what had been damaged,
2 something like that. I don't remember everything he said.
3 Q. Do you know that, at the beginning of the war, Milorad Krnojelac's
4 house was set on fire?
5 A. Yes, I know that. And I talked to him on one occasion by
6 telephone. I asked him, "Do you know who set your house on fire? Why did
7 they pick on your house?" And he said, "I don't know, and I prefer not to
8 know. Thank God that -- may this be the worst thing that happens. I'll
9 build another one."
10 Q. Did he tell you what was actually burnt in the house?
11 A. Well, he said that everything had been burnt, and we knew that
12 everything had been burnt because that was the only thing we could
13 conclude.
14 Q. Do you know where the Krnojelac family was accommodated after
15 their house was burnt down?
16 A. They were accommodated with Mico's brother in Cerezluk, and after
17 that, when the hotel was given over to refugees, then the family moved to
18 the hotel.
19 Q. Could you tell us what hotel this was?
20 A. The Drina Hotel, it was the only hotel. There were no others. I
21 apologise, the name is Hotel Vucevo Drina.
22 Q. Is there a hotel called Zelengora in Foca?
23 A. It's the same hotel. It's that hotel.
24 Q. You said that it was Mr. Radojica Mladjenovic, on behalf of the
25 municipal assembly, who told you to find teachers among the refugees from
Page 6757
1 the other areas from which Serbs had fled. Where were these refugees
2 accommodated?
3 A. Well, I was to provide them with salaries. Some were accommodated
4 with their relatives and some in the hotel, the Zelengora Hotel.
5 Q. You said that you were given an assignment to organise the work of
6 schools again. So did you succeed in starting the schools again after the
7 hostilities had ended in Foca?
8 A. The acting directors of the primary schools in the town, the
9 president of the municipality, and I agreed that the schools should start
10 and work began. They operated for a week and then this was interrupted
11 again because the parents were afraid to send their children to school,
12 fearing that they would be hurt on the way to school or in school.
13 Q. Does this mean that the security situation in the town of Foca was
14 very unstable at the time?
15 A. Yes, it was unstable.
16 Q. Did you start teaching in the Veselin Maslesa school again?
17 A. In view of the fact that the school year had ended earlier, the
18 following school year began on the 16th of August instead of the 1st of
19 September. Because there were no maths teachers on the 1st of September,
20 I was assigned to teach maths in the Veselin Maslesa school.
21 Q. Were you assigned to this school by a decision of the acting
22 director?
23 A. Yes. I was assigned to this school by a decision of the acting
24 director, Nikola Azdic.
25 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I would like the usher to show the
Page 6758
1 witness ID D112.
2 Q. Mr. Vukovic, is this the decision?
3 A. Yes. Yes, this is the decision. Yes. And it was under this
4 decision that I began to work.
5 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honour, the Defence proposes that
6 ID D112 and 112A -- we tender it into evidence.
7 JUDGE HUNT: Any objection?
8 MS. KUO: No objection.
9 JUDGE HUNT: Thank you. They will be Exhibits D112 and 112A.
10 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you. We will not need the
11 decision any more.
12 Q. You said that you began to work in the school. And until when did
13 you continue to work in the school in that year 1992?
14 A. Until the 19th of December, 1992. On that morning, there was a
15 massacre in the village of Josanica. The Ustasha burst into the village
16 and killed everyone they could find. Then I was mobilised like everybody
17 else and was assigned to stand guard at the village of Brusna. It's one
18 of the biggest villages in the Foca municipality. And I stayed there
19 throughout the winter and part of the spring.
20 Q. When were you demobilised from this unit?
21 A. Well, I was returned to the school in May 1993, and I have been
22 working in the school since then without interruption, except that
23 sometimes I am called up at weekends or when needed.
24 Q. Would you tell me, after the end of combat operations in the town
25 of Foca, was there a curfew imposed in Foca?
Page 6759
1 A. Yes, there was a curfew. There was, and it lasted for quite a
2 long time.
3 Q. When did it begin and when did it end?
4 A. It was from 8.00 p.m. until 6.00 a.m., because it was in the
5 summertime.
6 Q. And to move around during the curfew, did you need special
7 permission?
8 A. Yes. It was only individuals, particular individuals who could
9 move about, and they needed permission.
10 Q. And did this curfew apply to all inhabitants of Foca?
11 A. I think it did, unless someone had special permission to move
12 around.
13 Q. Can you tell us how the town was supplied with food at that time?
14 A. Supplies were very scarce. First of all, there were no shops and
15 there were no goods being sold. There was a time when there were no shops
16 in the town open at all.
17 Q. During the war, did you run into Milorad Krnojelac in town? Did
18 you talk in this period?
19 A. Yes, we did come across each other. He told me that he was having
20 problems finding supplies, that he had to ask for food and other products
21 which he needed, and that he was not happy about this.
22 On one occasion, he told me that he had told Mladjenovic that he
23 couldn't go on doing this. He asked to be released. He was getting on in
24 years and yet he had to go and beg for food for the KP Dom.
25 Q. Do you know when Milorad Krnojelac was appointed warden of KP Dom
Page 6760
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Page 6761
1 by the Ministry of Justice?
2 A. I think it was in early July or late June, around that time.
3 Q. What year?
4 A. 1992.
5 Q. Did you talk to him about this appointment by the Ministry of
6 Justice?
7 A. Yes, I did. He was dissatisfied and I tried to comfort him. And
8 I said, "Well, I would have accepted under these circumstances."
9 Q. Did he tell you what his competence was as warden appointed by the
10 Ministry of Justice?
11 A. He said that he was to start up production in the Drina plant to
12 make sure that work was going on at Velecevo, that he had to find cattle
13 feed, food for the prisoners, that he had his hands full.
14 Q. I have to ask you again: You said "prisoners"; do you mean
15 convicts?
16 A. Yes. Yes, because he was in charge of convicts who were working
17 in the Drina plant and at Velecevo.
18 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, is that being used in some technical sense
19 of a person who has suffered a conviction in a court, the word "convict"?
20 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honour, the witness used the word
21 "convict," someone who has been punished. In our language, this means
22 someone against whom a sentence has been pronounced.
23 JUDGE HUNT: I understand that is the meaning of the word
24 "convict." That's the way I understand it. If it's of universal
25 application, it's strange that we've heard so many descriptions from so
Page 6762
1 many different witnesses here about the different nature of the way it has
2 been used in relation to the KP Dom. May I suggest that if you want him
3 to put it forward in that sense, that's the way he has understood it and
4 intended it, you should do so expressly because we have so many
5 descriptions now of these detainees, if I may call them in a generic
6 sense.
7 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
8 Q. Sir, you have just said that these were convicts, the persons of
9 whom Mr. Krnojelac was in charge. Can you explain what sort of people
10 they were?
11 A. These were people who have been convicted, against whom a sentence
12 was pronounced, because KP Dom is a penal and correctional institution.
13 When I said "convicts," I mean people who were sentenced. That's what I
14 meant.
15 Q. And these convicts, were they there in KP Dom before the war broke
16 out, serving their sentences?
17 A. Yes. They were there, and I don't know if any other people were
18 convicted during the war, but there were convicts from before.
19 Q. Do you know when Mr. Milorad Krnojelac was relieved of his duty as
20 warden of KP Dom also by the Ministry of Justice?
21 A. I think he was relieved of his duty in August 1993.
22 Q. Did you see this document and the date on it?
23 A. No. But he did tell me that he had been relieved of his duty
24 sometime around there, in that period. When he was released, he told me
25 he had been released and I -- as I recall, it was in August or September
Page 6763
1 1993.
2 Q. Sir, the Defence has a decision from the Ministry of Justice,
3 dated the 1st of July 1993 --
4 MS. KUO: Your Honour, objection. This is not a proper question
5 for this particular witness. The witness said he never saw any document.
6 JUDGE HUNT: That's what I thought he said, actually.
7 What are you going to do with this, Mr. Vasic? If you want to
8 tender it, you tender it, but I don't see how the witness can give you any
9 evidence about it.
10 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I withdraw the question, Your Honour.
11 This document has already been admitted into evidence.
12 A. May I give a correction? I said this based on my assessment that
13 he was waiting for a job for about that long. Otherwise, I don't remember
14 the date.
15 Q. Mr. Vukovic, do you know whether any of the sons of Mr. Krnojelac
16 was wounded during military operations in the Foca municipality?
17 A. Yes, I know about that. Together with a group of soldiers, he
18 stepped on a mine and he lost both of his legs.
19 Q. How do you know this?
20 A. The entire town knows this. The rumours started circulating the
21 next day. We found out immediately who was wounded and who was killed.
22 It shot through the town, this piece of news.
23 Q. Since you were friends with Mr. Krnojelac, do you know if
24 Mr. Krnojelac went to visit his wounded son?
25 A. When the wounded were transferred from the Foca hospital to
Page 6764
1 Belgrade, Krnojelac went with his son. I saw Krnojelac after he had come
2 back, and I went to call on him. He was at the hotel at the time. We sat
3 down and talked, and among others things, we discussed the condition of
4 his son. I think it was mid-July when he came back from Belgrade. I'm
5 not sure of the precise date, but it was sometime in mid-July.
6 Q. [redacted]
7 A. [redacted]
8 [redacted]
9 Q. In which school?
10 A. [redacted]. We worked together, Mico, [redacted], and myself.
11 Q. During the war in Foca which broke out on the 8th of April, did
12 you see him?
13 A. I saw him when he had come back from Serbia. I don't remember the
14 exact date. We met downtown and we talked for a short while, and then we
15 went our separate ways.
16 That evening, he called me at home and asked if he could come and
17 see me. I said yes. About five minutes later, the doorbell rang and
18 Milorad and Slavica were at the door. I was slightly taken aback because
19 they hadn't called to say they were coming. I didn't tell them anything
20 about [redacted]
21 [redacted] We sat
22 down, had coffee, talked. Mico and [redacted] talked, and Mico was telling how
23 he became the warden. He discussed this with [redacted], and they were both
24 saying how they were in a fragile position due to the fact that they were
25 in mixed-ethnic marriages.
Page 6765
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Page 6766
1 [redacted] shared the view that the two of us had, that it was a folly
2 that would soon pass, and then we switched on to more general subjects.
3 When we parted, Milorad and [redacted] left my house together. That was that
4 first day when [redacted] came.
5 Q [redacted]
6 [redacted]
7 A. Yes, I learnt about that. [redacted] wife, informed me.
8 Q. [redacted], and where did you visit him?
9 A. Yes, I did.
10 Q. How many times?
11 A. His wife, [redacted], left some heart medication with Spomenka Hamovic,
12 another colleague of ours, and Spomenka asked me to go and visit [redacted]
13 together and pass him this medicine.
14 I already knew that those visits were not allowed or, more
15 precisely, that Milorad could not allow them. But since Spomenka
16 pressured me to join her and come with her, I went.
17 We reported to the man at the reception desk, saying that we
18 wanted to see Milorad. We told Milorad why we had come. He just waved
19 his head and called someone to ask whether we could see [redacted] or, more
20 precisely, [redacted]. I didn't hear what the
21 other man said, but he sent the two of us into the next -- into the
22 adjacent office, which was empty. I think it was the office of assistant
23 or deputy warden or someone like that.
24 So we sat there and [redacted] eventually came.
25 JUDGE HUNT: Just one moment, sir. Just one moment.
Page 6767
1 Mr. Vasic, this person, I'm reminded, is a protected witness and
2 has a pseudonym, RJ. Now, we can certainly redact everything that's come
3 up so far, but may I suggest that you refer to him as such and explain to
4 the witness that he should refer to him as such as well.
5 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Certainly, Your Honour. I apologise
6 for this omission, but from what I remember from the videolink, I don't
7 recall that he had protection.
8 JUDGE HUNT: Well, I'm told by the court deputy, and I think she
9 probably has the list down there. RJ is the pseudonym you should use.
10 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] That's no problem at all. Thank you,
11 Your Honours.
12 Q. Sir, the person we have been discussing, this friend of yours, we
13 will not refer to him from now on by his full name. We should, rather,
14 use [redacted] RJ. Will you please try to remember this.
15 A. So we sat there in this office when he turned up. Mico ordered
16 coffee. We had coffee. We gave him the medicines. We had a brief
17 conversation. It didn't last very long. And then we left. [redacted] went
18 out in front of us. We thanked Milorad and left. That was our first
19 visit.
20 Q. If I may just ask you one thing: You said that on that occasion,
21 Milorad Krnojelac called somebody on the phone. Do you know who it was?
22 A. I think it was one of those people who were keeping those
23 prisoners, detainees - how shall I call them? - who were guarding RJ.
24 One of those people, I suppose.
25 Q. Do you know who, among them --
Page 6768
1 A. I suppose --
2 Q. Sir, may I finish my question? I have already asked you to wait
3 for me to finish my question and for that question to be interpreted
4 because other participants in these proceedings do not know our language
5 and have to hear the interpretation. Only after that should you start
6 answering.
7 So you said those people down there, do you mean the people who
8 were in charge of detained persons? Did he tell you who he was calling?
9 A. I think those were military authorities or the Crisis Staff, one
10 of those two. He said that he couldn't do it himself, that he had to
11 ask. I think those were the military authorities at Velecevo because that
12 was confirmed by a -- through a different channel when we came --
13 Q. Will you please try to answer the question. When you came into
14 Krnojelac's office with your colleague Spomenka, on which floor was it?
15 A. I think the office was on the second floor. I'm not sure.
16 Q. Did you see a barrel of a light machine-gun protruding through the
17 window of this office and aiming at the courtyard?
18 A. I never saw a light machine-gun or any barrels.
19 Q. Do you remember when you went for that visit?
20 A. I think it was in the month of June, but I don't remember the
21 date.
22 Q. Thank you, sir. Did you ever go there again to visit?
23 A. Yes. Yes.
24 Q. Can you tell us, if you remember, when that was?
25 A. I cannot precisely place it in time. I think it was in the end of
Page 6769
1 July that I met with Milisa Dakic, a former schoolmate, who resided with
2 the parents of RJ, had lived there at the time for two years. He asked
3 after him, and I replied that he was detained. He asked if we could go
4 and visit him, and I said that depended on the military authorities
5 because I had already found out those visits were arranged through them.
6 He had some friends up there at Velecevo, among those military
7 authorities, and he arranged for us to go and visit. Again, we called to
8 say we were coming to see Mico and we explained that we had permission
9 from the military authorities to visit [redacted]. He called and checked up
10 there, [redacted] just as the time before, to see us.
11 We greeted each other.
12 JUDGE HUNT: Sir, you really must -- you must attempt, please, not
13 to use the name.
14 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] All right.
15 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation]
16 Q. Go on, please.
17 A. RJ asked if we could help him in some way and I said there was
18 nothing I could do and there was nothing Mico could do whereas Dakic said
19 he would try with the military authorities to do something to ensure
20 [redacted] release. I didn't contact Dakic after that to see whether he had
21 managed to help, but RJ actually was in the first group exchanged.
22 Q. During your second visit to Mr. RJ, was Mr. Milorad Krnojelac
23 present all the time?
24 A. No, not all the time.
25 Q. And did you hear Milorad Krnojelac reply to RJ's question as to
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Page 6771
1 what had happened to Halim Konjo that he was dead?
2 A. That question was never asked in front of us. I really don't know
3 anything about that.
4 Q. Would you have heard it if it had been asked?
5 A. I suppose so.
6 Q. Were you all in the same room during that visit when you were with
7 RJ and Milorad Krnojelac?
8 A. Yes, we were all in that room. There was just one moment when
9 Milorad was ordering hot coffee that he left us for a while.
10 Q. Did RJ stay in the room with you at that moment?
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. Did you ever tell RJ that Milorad Krnojelac had escaped to his
13 village in order to avoid doing his job?
14 A. No, I never told him that because I don't even know that he had
15 run away to the country. I don't think he did.
16 Q. Did you tell RJ that Milorad Krnojelac was going -- wanted to kill
17 himself, that he had tried suicide?
18 A. I never told him that because I didn't know that Milorad Krnojelac
19 had wanted it. I don't know anything about it.
20 Q. In your conversations with Milorad Krnojelac, did you ever hear
21 that he wanted to commit suicide?
22 A. He never said he wanted to commit suicide, not in my presence.
23 Q. You told us that you used to see Milorad Krnojelac in the street.
24 Now we hear that you also saw him while you were visiting. Do you
25 remember how he was dressed at that time in 1992?
Page 6772
1 A. As far as I can remember, his dress varied, so to speak.
2 Sometimes he wore a uniform, sometimes civilian clothes, and sometimes he
3 wore a combination of the two, because everybody knew his house had burnt
4 and that he didn't have much clothing.
5 Q. Was there any indication of rank on that uniform?
6 A. No.
7 Q. Did you see him carrying a weapon?
8 A. No. Milorad Krnojelac did not carry any weapons.
9 Q. Is that also true of the time of your two visits to the KP Dom?
10 A. Yes. On those occasions, too, he didn't have any weapons.
11 Q. Do you know when Milorad Krnojelac started working in the Veselin
12 Maslesa primary school again?
13 A. Yes. On the 4th of September, 1994.
14 Q. Do you know what Milorad Krnojelac was doing from July 1993, when
15 he was relieved of his duties, until September 1994 when he took up his
16 job -- his old job at the Veselin Maslesa primary school?
17 A. Yes. In that period, he was jobless.
18 Q. Did he try to find a job in that period?
19 A. Yes. He was trying, but he couldn't find anything that suited
20 him. He wanted to be a teacher, and there were no vacancies for
21 teachers.
22 Q. Did he tell you that the Ministry of Justice interceded on his
23 part to help him get a job?
24 A. Yes. They tried to find him some kind of job, but he wanted to go
25 back to school.
Page 6773
1 Q. When did the vacancy for the director at the Veselin Maslesa
2 school appear?
3 A. In April 1994, the acting director was going to retire at the
4 time.
5 Q. In April 1994. In fact, after April 1994, have any -- had the job
6 of director of this school been offered to Milorad Krnojelac?
7 A. Yes. This job was offered to him, but he wanted to be a teacher.
8 And since he wasn't able to find such a job before September, then he
9 accepted the post of director, the headmaster of the school.
10 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, it's 1.00.
11 JUDGE HUNT: Thank you. We'll resume again at 2.30.
12 --- Luncheon recess taken at 1.00 p.m.
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Page 6774
1 --- On resuming at 2.31 p.m.
2 JUDGE HUNT: You want to say something, Ms. Kuo?
3 MS. KUO: Yes, Your Honour. The Prosecution asks for a few
4 minutes in private session out of earshot of the witness.
5 JUDGE HUNT: Private session altogether or just out of his
6 earshot?
7 MS. KUO: Private session as well.
8 JUDGE HUNT: All right. We'll go into private session.
9 [Private session]
10 [redacted]
11 [redacted]
12 [redacted]
13 [redacted]
14 [redacted]
15 [redacted]
16 [redacted]
17 [redacted]
18 [redacted]
19 [redacted]
20 [redacted]
21 [redacted]
22 [redacted]
23 [redacted]
24 [redacted]
25 [redacted]
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12 [redacted]
13 [Open session]
14 JUDGE HUNT: And we are in public session. The witness, thanks.
15 [The witness entered court]
16 JUDGE HUNT: Yes, Mr. Vasic.
17 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Your Honour
18 Q. Good day, sir. Before the break, we spoke about the fact that
19 Mr. Milorad Krnojelac, in September 1994, became the director of the
20 Veselin Maslesa primary school.
21 Do you know whether, as the director of the primary school, he
22 cooperated with members of international organisations and the IPTF?
23 A. I know that well, that he cooperated with them. And when he
24 wasn't there, he delegated me to replace him and talk to them instead of
25 him.
Page 6778
1 Q. Can you tell us, in these contacts, how Mr. Krnojelac introduced
2 himself?
3 A. As director, Milorad Krnojelac.
4 Q. Does that mean he introduced himself using his full name?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Do you know, when he signed the documents on behalf of the school,
7 how he signed them?
8 A. He signed them "M. Krnojelac," or if they were less important,
9 "M.K." This is the same signature he used in the school before the war.
10 Q. Sir, do you know with whom from the IPTF or international
11 organisations Mr. Krnojelac had the most frequent contacts?
12 A. Most often the visitor was Major Hans Time, but others came also,
13 whose names I do not know. Even the general, the commander in chief of
14 the forces in Railovac, but I don't know his name.
15 Q. Were those SFOR forces?
16 A. I think they were, SFOR and SIMIC, and IPTF. There were a lot of
17 them who passed through the school, and they still visit it today.
18 Q. Do you know whether Mr. Milorad Krnojelac, while he was the
19 director of the primary school, went to seminars and competitions
20 organised by international organisations?
21 A. Yes, he did. He went to seminars, to consultations. He went to
22 competitions together with me, competitions in maths, physics and so on.
23 We took part in federal maths competitions. We travelled together, he as
24 the director and I as teacher.
25 Q. And when making these trips, did you pass through the territory of
Page 6779
1 the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina?
2 A. Yes, we did, most often through Gorazde.
3 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] With the help of the usher, I would
4 like to show the witness ID D108.
5 Q. Sir, do you know this document? Are you familiar with it? Have
6 you seen it before?
7 A. Yes, I am familiar with it. I have seen it.
8 Q. Who composed and signed this document?
9 A. Milorad Krnojelac.
10 JUDGE HUNT: Mr. Vasic, how can he possibly say who composed it?
11 He can identify the signature as that of your client.
12 If this is to avoid calling your client, I suggest you should do
13 it just a little bit more carefully. Nobody can say that it was composed
14 by your client other than your client.
15 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honour, this is not an attempt to
16 avoid my client's testimony. I asked about the signature, it's true, but
17 perhaps I should have asked the witness whether he was present when the
18 document was composed. In any case, I shall leave this question aside
19 until my client testifies before Your Honours.
20 Q. Thank you, sir. We shall no longer need this document.
21 Sir, did you talk to Mr. Milorad Krnojelac when Mr. Kunarac gave
22 himself up to the international forces and came to The Hague?
23 A. Yes, we talked. There were several of us together, and we talked
24 about how Kunarac had given himself up. Mico said, "If there was an
25 indictment against me, I, too, would give myself up."
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Page 6781
1 Q. Mr. Vukovic, can you tell us, finally, what Mr. Krnojelac's staff
2 thought of him where he was director of the primary school?
3 A. I can tell you that the staff had a very high opinion of
4 Mr. Krnojelac, and they still have a high opinion of him today when he's
5 here. And they are all convinced that he did an honest job, that he did
6 his job properly, whatever he did.
7 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Thank you, Mr. Vukovic.
8 Your Honours, the Defence has no further questions. Thank you.
9 JUDGE HUNT: Ms. Kuo.
10 MS. KUO: Thank you, Your Honour.
11 Cross-examined by Ms. Kuo:
12 Q. Good afternoon, sir.
13 A. Good afternoon.
14 Q. Mr. Vukovic, you have known Milorad Krnojelac since childhood,
15 right?
16 A. Yes, since the seventh grade of primary school when we, as good
17 math students, sat in the same bench.
18 Q. And you remain friends with him to this very day, right, over 40
19 years later?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. You're here today to help him; isn't that right?
22 A. I am here to tell the truth about him.
23 Q. When you entered the courtroom this morning, the first thing you
24 did was to smile and wave at Mr. Krnojelac; right?
25 A. Yes. I was glad to see him.
Page 6782
1 Q. You and Mr. Krnojelac share the same political views; isn't that
2 right?
3 A. For the most part, yes. Yes.
4 Q. In fact, a great deal of your friendship is based on the fact that
5 you agree on many of the same issues; right?
6 A. Well, naturally, yes.
7 Q. Among the issues that you agree on are interethnic relations and
8 the things that have happened in Foca; right?
9 A. Yes. We fully agree about national issues, and we have other
10 views on politics that correspond.
11 Q. Mr. Vukovic, you are a member of the SDS, aren't you?
12 A. No. No. Neither I nor Milorad are members of the SDS. We were
13 members of the League of Communists and we stayed in it until it
14 disintegrated.
15 Q. Are you saying that you're not a member of any political party
16 today?
17 A. Yes. I am not a member of any political party.
18 Q. Isn't it true that Milorad Krnojelac was present during election
19 rallies of the SDS in 1992?
20 A. He was never at those rallies, neither he nor I. We avoided those
21 rallies.
22 Q. Mr. Vukovic, do you know Vojo Maksimovic or Velibor Ostojic?
23 A. I know both of them.
24 Q. Both of them are high-ranking members of the SDS; is that right?
25 A. They were.
Page 6783
1 Q. Isn't it true that Milorad Krnojelac was often seen in their
2 presence before the war in Foca at the Robarski restaurant?
3 A. I don't know about this. I don't think he was. He might have
4 been seen with them sometimes, but certainly not often.
5 Q. So sometimes he was?
6 A. I didn't know about that. I never saw him.
7 Q. But you allow for the possibility that they were together?
8 A. As far as I know, no.
9 Q. Except for the time that you went to the front line in December of
10 1992 until the early part of 1993, you never left Foca, right, for an
11 extended period of time?
12 A. No, never.
13 Q. And you've lived there until the present day; right?
14 A. Yes.
15 Q. So, sir, you know that by the end of 1992, except for the Muslim
16 men who were detained at KP Dom and a few Muslim girls who were detained
17 in private homes by Serb soldiers, there were no more Muslims left in Foca
18 at that time; right?
19 A. There were Muslims. There were, and there still are today, but a
20 small number. They are mostly people in mixed marriages.
21 Q. Can you give us a number? It's significantly smaller than what it
22 was before the war, right, because before the war, it was almost 50/50.
23 A. I couldn't tell you the number, but it is a small number. I know
24 that today, I asked for the information, and it's 2.6 per cent of Muslim
25 children in the school.
Page 6784
1 Q. Foca is no longer called Foca; right?
2 A. Foca Srbinje.
3 Q. And "Srbinje" means Serbian town, doesn't it?
4 A. I don't know what it means. I didn't participate in creating it.
5 It was a narrow circle of people who selected the name and it was
6 accepted.
7 Q. And the name changed in what year, when all documents became --
8 were switched from being called Foca to Srbinje?
9 A. I don't have that information. I think it was in 1973. I'm not
10 sure about that.
11 Q. You mean 1993?
12 A. Yes, yes, yes, yes. That's what I meant, yes.
13 Q. In fact, when the name changed, there was a big celebration in the
14 town to mark the change, right?
15 A. No. No.
16 Q. Sir, during your testimony today, you described the arrival of the
17 Serb army after the fighting in Foca, and you described their arrival as
18 the liberation of Foca, right?
19 A. That was what it was called.
20 Q. And those are the words you used as well?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. And when you testified about the massacre in Josanica in December
23 of 1992, you referred to the people who perpetrated that as the Ustasha,
24 meaning the Muslims; right?
25 A. Yes.
Page 6785
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Page 6786
1 Q. "Ustasha," just so the Judges have an explanation, is a term
2 used -- that is not -- that is a derogatory term for the Muslims, right,
3 and sometimes for the Croats as well?
4 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I apologise. This was not a
5 question. If we are explaining the term "Ustasha," we have to explain
6 that this term dates back to World War II.
7 JUDGE HUNT: And refers to the Croats, I thought.
8 MS. KUO: I wanted to get the explanation from this witness.
9 That's why I asked the question.
10 JUDGE HUNT: Yes. That's all right. I think you can go ahead.
11 What's the problem, Mr. Vasic?
12 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] I apologise. It seems to me that my
13 learned friend put this as a comment and not as a question, which is why I
14 said to begin with that if -- I objected to it if it was a comment. I
15 apologise.
16 JUDGE HUNT: No, no. It's perfectly all right. She's asking him
17 about the testimony he gave that these people who perpetrated the massacre
18 were Ustasha. Now, that means the Muslims, she wants to know. That's a
19 perfectly appropriate question.
20 You go ahead.
21 MS. KUO:
22 Q. Would you answer the question? When you used the word "Ustasha,"
23 that was a derogatory term for the Muslims?
24 A. Yes. But they referred to themselves that way. They called
25 themselves Ustasha. It wasn't just us who referred to them that way.
Page 6787
1 They called themselves as Ustasha. And they constantly referred to the
2 Serb army as Chetniks. So this was inherited from the past war. So they
3 called themselves Chetniks and Ustasha respectively, and, yes, I was
4 referring to the Muslim army.
5 Q. Mr. Vukovic, you were a math teacher at the Veselin Maslesa
6 primary school for seven years before you became principal, right?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. And then you were principal for 11 years, from 1978 to 1989,
9 right?
10 A. Almost a full 12 years. Nearly 12, yes.
11 Q. As the principal, you were the director of the entire school, all
12 the students and all the teachers, right?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. You were responsible for the welfare of the students and the
15 discipline of the teachers, right?
16 A. Yes.
17 Q. As principal, you had a responsibility to learn what was happening
18 in the school so that if something was going on that shouldn't happen, you
19 could take action, right?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. From 1989 until 1991, you testified, you were director of the work
22 organisation of education?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. When you gave a statement to Defence investigators in February of
25 this year, you told them that you were director from 1989 until 1992.
Page 6788
1 A. Yes. Yes. I said that because this company continued to work for
2 primary education.
3 Q. Okay. So even though you testified earlier that from 1991 until
4 1992 you became the director of the joint venture Uport, that was a
5 continuation of the job you held in 1989?
6 A. Correct.
7 Q. Would you explain to us what you did, what it was that the work
8 organisation of education did.
9 A. It was an organisation that gathered together all the schools at
10 the level of the Foca municipality. There were seven primary schools.
11 Q. Was this a government organisation or a private organisation?
12 A. It was government.
13 Q. So when you said "joint venture," what was that referring to?
14 A. The law of 1990 was changed and work organisations were
15 abolished. Companies were set up to replace the former type of
16 organisation. So we -- we established this company which had a different
17 name but continued to do the same work.
18 Q. And as part of your job as the director of this work organisation
19 and later company, you had dealings with the municipal government in Foca,
20 right?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. So you dealt with people like Nurko Nisic or Enes Zekovic who
23 worked in the municipality; is that right?
24 A. No. No.
25 Q. You described to us that Milorad Krnojelac received the work
Page 6789
1 assignment as the warden of the KP Dom. When was that?
2 A. That was in April 1992. I think it was the 18th of April.
3 Q. Is there anything in particular that helps you remember that date
4 so precisely?
5 A. I know because, when I met him later, I told him that I got a
6 similar work duty to organise the work of the school, because Mladjenovic
7 summoned me and told me to receive those refugees and organise the
8 reopening of schools.
9 Q. You were summoned specifically and individually to receive this
10 assignment or was it part of a general call?
11 A. First, he summoned me individually, and later, I got an order to
12 that effect because what he told me about it being my duty or task to
13 procure funds was never written anywhere and I never required an order.
14 Q. Did you receive your order on the 18th of April?
15 A. I had this contact, written contact two days earlier, actually.
16 Q. In other words, you received a letter on the 16th of April; is
17 that what you mean?
18 A. No. No. It was an oral order.
19 Q. Did you receive that by telephone?
20 A. No. I was told this by Mladjenovic personally in his office.
21 Q. Where was his office?
22 A. At the town hall.
23 Q. Do you know if he was also giving out orders at the Foca High
24 School?
25 THE INTERPRETER: The interpreter doesn't hear the witness.
Page 6790
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Page 6791
1 MS. KUO:
2 Q. Mr. Vukovic, could you repeat your answer, the interpreter didn't
3 hear it.
4 A. I don't know about the secondary school.
5 Q. You don't know whether the secondary school was being used by
6 Mladjenovic during this time, to give people work assignments?
7 A. No. That's in a different part of town.
8 Q. You testified that Milorad Krnojelac expressed his inability to
9 refuse a work assignment because his wife was Croat. Could you explain to
10 us what is meant by that? Why would the fact that his wife was Croat
11 create problems for him?
12 A. I think that mixed marriages found themselves amidst the general
13 political crisis and you couldn't know what was an advantage or a
14 disadvantage in this struggle for survival. So resisting would have been
15 crazy at that time, I think.
16 Q. At the time of the 16th of April, Foca was already in Serb hands;
17 right?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. So the fact that Mr. Krnojelac's wife was Croat might have created
20 a problem because she was non-Serb, and non-Serbs were being persecuted at
21 that time; right?
22 A. Could you make this a little clearer?
23 Q. Yes. At this time in Foca, the Serbs were in control and anyone
24 who was not Serb, and the spouses of such persons, were in potential
25 danger; right?
Page 6792
1 A. They were under the shadow of a doubt, both communists were and
2 such people were. They were doubted. They were suspect.
3 Q. When you say "they," you mean non-Serbs; right?
4 A. I mean both Serbs and non-Serbs.
5 JUDGE HUNT: I understood the answer to mean that Mr. Krnojelac
6 was under a doubt because he was married to a Croat.
7 MS. KUO: That was the formulation of my question.
8 JUDGE HUNT: I thought he was accepting that. I don't want you to
9 be at cross-purposes.
10 MS. KUO: If that is understood, then I'll move on.
11 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] Your Honours, I would like to
12 intervene. I'm sorry to interrupt my colleague. But about what we have
13 been discussing, the witness added another thing that is not in the
14 transcript, regarding who was suspect at the time. He added that he, too,
15 was suspect at the time.
16 JUDGE HUNT: That is in the answer that is recorded at lines 20
17 and 21, "They were under the shadow of a doubt, both communists were and
18 such people were. They were doubted. They were suspect."
19 MR. VASIC: [Interpretation] And at the end of that sentence, he
20 said, "And I was one of them."
21 JUDGE HUNT: He's told us that he was a member of the Communist
22 party, so I think that could be understood.
23 You go ahead, Ms. Kuo.
24 MS. KUO: Thank you, Your Honour.
25 Q. Before the war, everybody was a communist; isn't that right?
Page 6793
1 Serbs, Croats, Muslims.
2 A. There were communists among all ethnic groups and nations. Not
3 everyone was a communist.
4 Q. But the fact that you were a communist during and after the war
5 didn't really mean anything anymore; right? People joined the communist
6 party for non-political reasons as well; right?
7 A. Possibly. Possibly. But I personally became a communist out of
8 conviction.
9 Q. But during the war and afterwards in Foca, you were never
10 persecuted because you were a communist; right?
11 A. It's a different concept but, yes, there was some of that.
12 Q. You were never arrested and detained, were you?
13 A. No. No, because I was obedient.
14 Q. And you were never forced to be separated from your family, were
15 you?
16 A. Yes, by summons.
17 Q. When you went to the front line?
18 A. When I left to defend Brusna, I went because I was called up, not
19 because I wanted to. And if I hadn't gone, I would have gone to prison.
20 Q. But you were never arrested and detained or sent to the front line
21 or separated from your family simply because you were a communist; right?
22 That was not a reason for anything like that happening to you.
23 A. It never came to a settlement of accounts between communists and
24 the others. There may have been. It had come close to that at one point,
25 but it never really happened.
Page 6794
1 Q. But, in fact, the Muslim men were being arrested and detained at
2 the KP Dom without any criminal charges ever being brought against them;
3 isn't that right?
4 A. I don't know about that.
5 Q. And people were forced from their homes in Foca simply because
6 they were Muslim as well; right?
7 A. I don't know. I never took part in that.
8 Q. Sir, you lived in Foca during the summer of 1992, right?
9 A. Yes, I did.
10 Q. So surely you saw or learned about Muslim men being arrested
11 although they had never committed any crimes or disobeyed any orders,
12 right?
13 A. I simply took shelter in my apartment, and I didn't want to see
14 anything.
15 Q. Surely you're aware that there were busloads of women and children
16 who were shipped out of Foca to Montenegro in August, right? That could
17 not have escaped your attention.
18 A. No, I didn't see that, but I heard that they had received permits
19 to get out. There must have been a permit involved.
20 Q. Milorad Krnojelac stayed the entire war in Foca, right?
21 A. Apart from business trips and when he went to visit his wounded
22 son, I don't know whether he was absent at any other time.
23 Q. He was never forced to live anywhere else but Foca, right?
24 A. No, he wasn't forced to. He lived in Foca.
25 Q. And his family was able to stay in Foca as well, including his
Page 6795
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Page 6796
1 wife, right?
2 A. Yes.
3 Q. And Milorad Krnojelac was never sent to the front line, as you
4 were, was he?
5 A. Not that I know of, except for the time when we were working in
6 the same school, then we were called up together.
7 Q. You were called up when?
8 A. In 1995, in June. When there was the offensive on Mount
9 Treskavica, when the Muslims broke through. We from the school were
10 called up to go there.
11 Q. You mean you went to the front line at that time, to fight?
12 A. To defend against the breakthrough.
13 Q. And are you saying that Milorad Krnojelac went at that time as
14 well, put on a uniform with you to go defend --
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. What rank did he have at that time?
17 A. We all went up there at that time, all the teachers. He didn't
18 have any rank.
19 Q. Wasn't he already --
20 A. There were no ranks.
21 Q. Wasn't he already a Captain First Class in the reserve?
22 A. That's what he was before the war.
23 Q. And during the war and afterwards, he maintained that rank,
24 right?
25 A. Those ranks from the old Yugoslav army were not recognised or,
Page 6797
1 rather, those other people didn't really respect them.
2 Q. Which other people?
3 A. Those military authorities.
4 Q. The Serb military authorities?
5 A. Yes, yes.
6 Q. Are you saying that when you went to fight in 1995, Milorad
7 Krnojelac went as a simple private?
8 A. Just as I did. We went up there to stand guard, for guard duty.
9 We were too old to fight. We were in the background, in the rear, whereas
10 other units went up there on Mount Treskavica.
11 MS. KUO: Your Honours, I'd like to request private session at
12 this point.
13 JUDGE HUNT: We'll go into private session
14 [Private session]
15 [redacted]
16 [redacted]
17 [redacted]
18 [redacted]
19 [redacted]
20 [redacted]
21 [redacted]
22 [redacted]
23 [redacted]
24 [redacted]
25 [redacted]
Page 6798
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Page 6809
1 [Open session]
2 JUDGE HUNT: We're now in open session.
3 MS. KUO:
4 Q. When Mr. Milorad Krnojelac's house burned down, did you learn
5 about it immediately?
6 A. Well, I think so, yes.
7 Q. Because you were good friends and this was a tragedy for him?
8 A. No. No, because those were the first houses to burn, and when the
9 first houses were set on fire, everybody knew whose house had been set on
10 fire. Those were the first atrocities that happened in the town, so that
11 the rumours spread very quickly.
12 Q. When was his house burned down; what date?
13 A. No, I don't know.
14 Q. You didn't learn it directly from Mr. Krnojelac, right? You heard
15 it as part of the rumours?
16 A. No, no, no. It was a rumour. It was a rumour going around.
17 Q. And you told us during your testimony that Milorad Krnojelac said,
18 "Thank God nothing worse happened," and by that he meant nobody was
19 harmed, right?
20 A. Precisely so. Yes, that's what he said.
21 Q. Nobody was harmed because his family had already moved out of the
22 house a day or two earlier, right?
23 A. Yes, something like that.
24 Q. And they were staying with his brother in Cerezluk, right?
25 A. Yes.
Page 6810
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Page 6811
1 Q. So it wasn't the situation where somebody was forced to flee in
2 the middle of the night because the house suddenly went up in flames,
3 right; nothing like that?
4 A. Well, it was the border area bordering on the Muslim
5 neighbourhood, so it was risky to stay there. So everybody from that part
6 left. They simply took shelter elsewhere.
7 Q. Mr. Vukovic, when did you receive your work assignment? I'm
8 sorry, I've already asked you about that.
9 When you received your work assignment, you said it was to
10 organise the schools to receive refugees. Does that mean that schools
11 were being used to house refugees?
12 A. No. No. The schools were free. It was because children didn't
13 come that there were no classes, because of the outbreak of war. So then
14 the aim was to organise the work of schools, because we could see that the
15 war would last for some time. So to avoid losing the school year, I was
16 charged with trying to organise the work of the schools.
17 Q. Was it just the primary schools or all the schools?
18 A. The primary schools, that was what I had to do. The secondary
19 school was also there, but there was another director for that.
20 Q. And one of the tasks that you had was to get enough teachers to
21 begin classes again, right?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. Because as you testified earlier, at one point the Veselin Maslesa
24 school had 14 Montenegrin teachers, right?
25 A. Totally employed. That includes teachers and other staff.
Page 6812
1 Q. Did those 14 Montenegrins stay when the war broke out?
2 A. You misused this information. I said at a certain time, maybe in
3 1989 or 1985. I know that at a certain moment, it was 14, 14, 14 and that
4 stuck in my mind as an interesting piece of information. So that wasn't
5 just before the war broke out, it was at a previous time.
6 And when the war broke out, it was approximately the same but I
7 can't be sure about the exact numbers. Becir Kajaca, a Muslim, was the
8 principal at the time. And when the war erupted, he was in the hospital.
9 He had just had an operation. And he stayed in the hospital for some time
10 and then when he got out, he stayed at home for a long time.
11 Q. I apologise about the use of the numbers. You mean that those
12 numbers were accurate as early as 1989, right, when you were principal?
13 A. Well, in a year, I don't know which exactly.
14 Q. During the time when it was your job to get teachers to start up
15 the schools again, there was no more Muslim teachers available; right?
16 A. There were. There were.
17 Q. So you asked Muslim teachers to come back and teach in the schools
18 in May of 1992?
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. How many?
21 A. Well, that was the express order of the president of the
22 municipality, that all those who remained loyal to the former system could
23 stay and teach, but only a small number responded to this. I don't know
24 the exact number.
25 Q. None of the people who responded were Muslim; right?
Page 6813
1 A. There was Nasvija, there was Biba. They were there for a day or
2 two and then they disappeared. And [redacted] came, well, RJ, but was not
3 received by the director because there was some criteria left in place.
4 Those who fled and came back, they cared. So that there was Serbs who
5 left and came back, but they were not given jobs. Those who remained
6 throughout, they got the jobs.
7 Q. So that was the test of loyalty then; if you fled, then you were
8 disloyal?
9 A. Something like that.
10 Q. Sir, you were in charge of getting -- recruiting teachers so you
11 certainly know what the criteria were; right?
12 A. It wasn't I who was in charge, it was the principals, the acting
13 principals who had this task. And I and my officer for military issues
14 drew up instructions for the work of the schools, and they were the ones
15 who were supposed to organise the work of the schools.
16 Q. So I'm a little bit confused about what your job was
17 specifically. Your job was not to recruit teachers?
18 A. No. My task was to contact the school principals and to organise
19 work, to prepare and give it to them, and then have them implement it.
20 That was inherited from the work organisation that was in place before.
21 Q. So in other words, the job that you were doing during the war,
22 your wartime assignment, was very similar to the job that you were doing
23 just before the war as part of the work organisation; right?
24 A. Yes.
25 Q. And, in fact, some of the teachers who were recruited to teach
Page 6814
1 during this time were from neighbouring town and villages who were
2 refugees in Foca; right?
3 A. They filled the vacancies.
4 Q. In May of 1992, you were able to move around the town of Foca;
5 right?
6 A. We were able to move around, but there was no freedom until the
7 end. We were never free in the full sense of the word, but we did move
8 around.
9 Q. The curfew you described was only from 8.00 p.m. until 6.00 in the
10 morning, but in the daytime you moved around freely; right?
11 A. Yes. You see, we moved -- I moved around in April, the 15th of
12 April, the 16th of April, but there was a danger that you might be shot by
13 a sniper. It was never safe.
14 Q. There were no legal restrictions?
15 A. No, not by daytime.
16 Q. You described your relationship with RJ, how you had been
17 colleagues for many years. You saw him one day in May on the street;
18 right?
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. And RJ is a very friendly person; right?
21 A. Yes.
22 Q. He had been away from Foca and had just come back; right?
23 A. He left on the Sunday before the week when the shooting started.
24 I saw him when he was leaving. He said he was going to take his children
25 away. We said goodbye and he said he was coming back, but a long time
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Page 6816
1 passed and he didn't come back.
2 Q. When you saw him on the street in May, he had just come back;
3 right?
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. And he invited you to his house; right?
6 A. No. No. We just spoke briefly in the street and we said, "Okay,
7 I'll see you around." He didn't invite me and I didn't invite him. It
8 was just in passing, we stopped briefly.
9 Q. At some point, he ended up at your house, or he ended up at your
10 house later that night; right?
11 A. In the evening, he called me and asked me if I would receive him.
12 He asked me. I said "Yes, just come."
13 Q. Because he wanted to see you, obviously.
14 A. Well, probably because of that. He expressed a wish and I
15 agreed.
16 Q. It wouldn't have been safe for you to go to his house; right?
17 A. Not at that time. I think it wouldn't have been. I would not
18 have dared.
19 Q. That's because he's a Muslim and was exposed to danger; right?
20 A. I don't know. He expressed a wish to come and see me, and I
21 agreed. I must say I wasn't very enthusiastic because of the situation,
22 but I did say he could come because we'd been friends for years. We'd
23 grown up together even before school.
24 Q. You weren't enthusiastic because he was a Muslim, and Muslims were
25 in danger at that point; right?
Page 6817
1 A. We were in danger too. I was also in danger because someone could
2 see me with him and that was dangerous, but I agreed. There were people
3 who wanted everything to be divided up.
4 Q. When RJ came to your house, he himself expressed his fear for his
5 own safety, right, that he might be arrested?
6 A. Well, he assumed that that might happen.
7 Q. And he said that to Milorad Krnojelac because he knew that Milorad
8 Krnojelac was already the warden of the KP Dom; right? That was public
9 knowledge at that point.
10 A. Yes. He knew Milorad said that neither he nor I could decide. He
11 had nothing to do with it.
12 Q. In fact, the specific way that RJ brought up the question was he
13 asked Milorad Krnojelac, "Mico, if I were arrested and brought to KP Dom,
14 would you invite me to coffee?" And Mr. Krnojelac said, "That's not
15 possible." That was the conversation; right?
16 A. It's possible that there was some joking. I left the room at some
17 points because I went to get drinks. I don't think we discussed the
18 arrest seriously. Milorad couldn't make any decisions about it, neither
19 could I. Neither he nor I could help if, God forbid, it should happen.
20 Q. And, in fact, the very next day, it did happen. RJ was arrested
21 and taken to KP Dom?
22 A. Yes. To my deep regret, that's what happened.
23 Q. At that night at your house, it was -- your wife's sister was also
24 present with her husband; right?
25 A. No.
Page 6818
1 Q. There were other people present aside from the Krnojelacs and --
2 A. No. No. There was Krnojelac, Slavica, RJ, and [redacted], my wife and
3 I, and no one else was there. And on the day we met for the first time,
4 [redacted] and I, my brother-in-law who you mentioned was there when we met in
5 the street.
6 Q. Your brother-in-law Zdravko Begovic, right?
7 A. No, not Zdravko Begovic. Milika. That was someone else, who was
8 a colleague of ours from school. We met during the day. He wasn't there
9 in the evening. That's wrong.
10 Q. I'm sorry. The transcript read that it was you and your
11 brother-in-law. You said, "My brother-in-law who you mentioned," and so I
12 assumed that was Zdravko Begovic. Is that inaccurate?
13 A. No. No, didn't say that. I didn't say that.
14 JUDGE HUNT: Ms. Kuo, we've had this problem with in-laws before.
15 You might want to ask him the name of the person who was there.
16 MS. KUO: Yes.
17 Q. On the day when you met RJ on the street, who else was there?
18 A. Milika was there, not Zdravko.
19 Q. Milika?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. What is Milika's last name?
22 A. Jaredic, Jaredic.
23 Q. When RJ was arrested, the next day you didn't go to visit him
24 immediately at the KP Dom, did you?
25 A. No. No.
Page 6819
1 Q. And you know that he had not committed any crimes which would
2 justify his arrest, right?
3 A. I didn't know that.
4 Q. You've never known RJ to be a criminal, have you?
5 A. No.
6 Q. When did you visit RJ for the first time at the KP Dom?
7 A. I don't remember the date. I think it was the end of May or
8 June. I don't remember. I think it was June, but perhaps it could have
9 been May.
10 Q. If it were June, it would have been early June?
11 A. I think so, yes.
12 Q. And that was the time that you brought him heart medicine, right?
13 A. Yes. Yes.
14 Q. You testified that when you visited, you went to see Milorad
15 Krnojelac. That's because he was the warden, right?
16 A. When I was with him at the hotel when he came back from Belgrade.
17 Q. I'm asking about when you visited the KP Dom. When you visited RJ
18 at the KP Dom, you went -- you asked for Milorad Krnojelac, right?
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. And you were able to meet him in the warden's office?
21 A. Yes. Yes, to go to him. Yes.
22 Q. You described how Milorad picked up a phone and called someone,
23 right, in order to have RJ brought?
24 A. Yes. Yes, to get approval for RJ to come.
25 Q. You couldn't see who was on the other line, right, who was on the
Page 6820
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Page 6821
1 other side of the telephone?
2 A. I assume it was Velecevo, but Milorad knows that. Velecevo.
3 Those were the military authorities there.
4 Q. I'm not asking you about assumptions, I'm only asking about what
5 you were able to see or what you were able to hear. You could not see who
6 was on the other side of the telephone, right?
7 A. No, I couldn't.
8 Q. You couldn't see the number that Milorad Krnojelac dialed, could
9 you?
10 A. I didn't watch. I could have seen it if I'd watched, but I
11 didn't.
12 Q. You couldn't hear who was on the other line, on the other side of
13 the telephone, right?
14 A. No. No. I didn't listen.
15 Q. So you really have no idea of who it was that picked up the
16 telephone on the other end, right?
17 A. Yes, but I learned later.
18 Q. I'm only asking about what you were able to see when you were
19 there. Shortly after Milorad Krnojelac made this phone call, a guard
20 brought RJ to the warden's office where you all were, right?
21 A. I don't know who brought him because I didn't see that. I was
22 inside the office. Who escorted him to the office, I don't know. I
23 didn't see that person.
24 Q. Milorad Krnojelac himself did not go and bring RJ, somebody
25 brought RJ to you, right?
Page 6822
1 A. No. He didn't go. Somebody brought him, that's right.
2 JUDGE HUNT: Is that a convenient time?
3 MS. KUO: I'm sorry?
4 JUDGE HUNT: Is that a convenient time?
5 MS. KUO: Yes it is.
6 JUDGE HUNT: I remind you that next week we are being liberated
7 from the shoe box and we are moving to the number I Court, and that Monday
8 is Whit Monday here in the Netherlands, which is recognised by the United
9 Nations, and it is also, I'm glad to see, the same holiday for the
10 Orthodoxes.
11 So we will resume on Tuesday at 9.30.
12 --- Whereupon the hearing adjourned
13 at 4.00 p.m., to be reconvened on Tuesday,
14 the 5th day of June, 2001, at 9.30 a.m.
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