Page 39207
1 Wednesday, 23 September 2015
2 [Open session]
3 [The accused entered court]
4 --- Upon commencing at 9.38 a.m.
5 JUDGE ORIE: Good morning to everyone in and around this
6 courtroom.
7 Madam Registrar, would you please call the case.
8 THE REGISTRAR: Good morning, Your Honours. This is case
9 IT-09-92-T, the Prosecutor versus Ratko Mladic.
10 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you, Madam Registrar.
11 The Chamber was informed that the Defence had four preliminary
12 matters to raise, the Prosecution would have two, but we'll start with
13 one the Chamber would like to address.
14 Next week Tuesday, that is, the 29th of September, we'll start
15 half an hour later and continue half an hour longer; therefore, we'll sit
16 from 10.00 to a quarter to 3.00.
17 Mr. Ivetic, you were on your feet.
18 MR. IVETIC: Yes, Your Honours. I guess I'll go first.
19 On this past Monday, at transcript page 39122 onwards,
20 Your Honour asked us to provide in court today a detailed chronology as
21 to the appointment of experts as to Tomasica and their receipt of
22 materials and work. I provide the same as follows.
23 On 14 July 2015, I personally forwarded lead counsel's request
24 for appointment, authorisation to work, and funding for the Tomasica part
25 of the case for Professor Radovanovic to act as a Defence expert, sending
Page 39208
1 the same to the relevant officers within OLAD via e-mail. The request
2 also sought approval and authorisation and funding for a trip to the OTP
3 demographic unit by Professor Radovanovic and two assistants in order to
4 be able to review the archives of the OTP demographic unit. Here I quote
5 verbatim from that request.
6 "Ms. Radovanovic is expected to analyse the foregoing evidence to
7 identify flaws and criticisms which could be used to challenge or rebut
8 that evidence as part of the Defence case in chief. Further, insofar as
9 the evidence of Ms. Tabeau featured heavily on the integrated database
10 and records that are within the Office of the Prosecution,
11 Ms. Radovanovic's work will include the need to visit the
12 Office of the Prosecution to work for several days with her assistants to
13 work with this database in relation to Tabeau's reports. For this
14 purpose, we will send you shortly the CVs of her assistants,
15 Mr. Bozo Grbic and Ms. Slavica Pavkov. Both of them have decades of
16 experience in the official statistical organs of the RS government. It
17 is anticipated that they would need to travel to The Hague and work four
18 to five days with the OTP demographers unit, and also since Ms.Tabeau's
19 work did not take into account certain data or factors in doing her
20 review, Ms. Radovanovic may have to seek some outside sources of
21 information to test Dr. Tabeau's theories to see if they are sound when
22 taking into account that missing information. This additional research
23 includes," and then we identified a list of items.
24 And now I quote a later part of the same Defence request.
25 "It is thus critical to permit the Defence to have a fair
Page 39209
1 opportunity to have a counter-expert review this report in evidence so as
2 to rebut the evidence."
3 On 16 July 2015, OLAD wrote personally to me asking for
4 clarification if Professor Radovanovic would necessarily be preparing a
5 report since if not, she could be named as a member of the Defence team
6 to informally assist us with no additional funding but not to write an
7 expert report.
8 On 17 July 2015, I personally wrote back to OLAD advising that
9 since Professor Radovanovic was foreseen to be preparing not only an
10 expert report but testifying as an expert witness as to Tomasica, the
11 option of naming her to the Defence team, rather than authorising her as
12 an expert, was not feasible and that thus additional funding under the
13 directive for experts was essential and required.
14 On 21 July 2015, I received personally the preliminary decision
15 of OLAD that the assistants of Professor Radovanovic could not be
16 appointed nor considered for funding and were being denied funding. It
17 was suggested that the assistants could be appointed to the Defence team
18 and paid under the already expended Defence budget or work pro bono, with
19 the Defence team paying out of pocket for their travel and lodging to
20 permit such a trip. As to our pending request for appointment and
21 funding for Professor Radovanovic, OLAD promised to let us know "as soon
22 as practicable." It is important to note the Defence team budget is
23 maxed out and OLAD did not increase the same for the inclusion of any
24 experts.
25 On 5 August 2015, after no word from OLAD, the Defence team
Page 39210
1 followed up with a request for status and decision as to the outstanding
2 requests for Professor Radovanovic and Professor Stankovic to be
3 authorised and funded as to Tomasica, stressing the rapid movement of the
4 case and the need to resolve the matter quickly. We again asked for
5 funding for the assistants of Professor Radovanovic to permit them to
6 review material at the OTP demographic unit's archives as had been
7 permitted in other previous cases for these same assistants, providing
8 details of those engagements and work in prior cases.
9 On 12 August 2015, I personally forwarded lead counsel's request
10 for appointment of Dr. Stankovic to OLAD, for purposes of Tomasica, as
11 OLAD were unaware of the request.
12 On 17 August 2015, the Defence team received a letter from OLAD
13 approving the appointment as to both Professor Radovanovic and
14 Dr. Stankovic as experts for purposes of the Tomasica evidence and
15 granting an allocation of hours to fund the same. However, as to
16 Professor Radovanovic's request to visit the OTP demographic unit with
17 her assistants to perform a review of the same, again the assistants of
18 Professor Radovanovic were denied funding with the implication that they
19 could be assigned to the Defence team with no additional funding to work
20 pro bono. Also, the letter made no reference whatsoever to request for
21 Professor Radovanovic to be authorised and funded for a visit to the OTP
22 demographic unit. Rather, the letter denied travel expenses for
23 Professor Radovanovic to travel unless strictly necessary and cited
24 travel to testify as being something that would be covered. The letter
25 thus did not grant funding nor approval for Professor Radovanovic or her
Page 39211
1 assistants to visit the OTP demographic unit. That issue still has not
2 been resolved favourably. And I know quote from that OLAD letter
3 verbatim as to travel:
4 "Please note that the Registry does not reimburse travel expenses
5 of experts unless strictly necessary to fulfil the scope of the
6 assignment. Please be informed, however, that should this assigned
7 expert be called to testify as an expert witness in court, the Tribunal's
8 Victims and Witnesses Section will deal with the matters resulting
9 thereof."
10 Thus, the Registrar's assertion in their 3 September 2015 filing
11 that they are a waiting a travel request for Professor Radovanovic is not
12 accurate. Our original request outlined the proposed plan of travel on
13 14 July 2015, which the Registry has not approved in its 17 August
14 letter, and rather we have heard the wording that I have just read above.
15 At the very best, we are awaiting Registry approval of our
16 request. At the very worst interpretation, it has been denied.
17 I personally travelled to Belgrade on 19 August 2015 and met with
18 Professor Radovanovic and with Dr. Stankovic on 20 August 2015, with my
19 legal assistant, for purposes of conveying to them the OLAD decision and
20 discussing the Tomasica appointment and outlining the time-frame and work
21 required due to the dynamics of the case. I stressed to them the short
22 time-frame and outlined the schedule for the remainder of the Defence
23 case. Both gave their assent to accept the appointment and do their best
24 to work under the difficult conditions and time pressure. I outlined to
25 them the type of material that we had received from the OTP and advised
Page 39212
1 them to liaise with the legal assistant to complete the signed
2 undertaking required by OLAD and to take over the custody of the files to
3 begin work and for any remaining questions or issues.
4 On 21 August 2015, I was engaged in travel the better part of the
5 day to return to The Hague, but my legal assistant met with and handed
6 over, in electronic format, all of the disclosed demographic evidence as
7 to Tomasica to Professor Radovanovic.
8 THE INTERPRETER: Kindly slow down. Thank you.
9 MR. IVETIC: Already on 22 August 2015, Professor Radovanovic was
10 required to travel to The Hague for her testimony in these proceedings as
11 to the remainder of the Prosecution evidence.
12 On 22 August 2015, my legal assistant met with Professor
13 Dr. Stankovic and handed over to him, in electronic format, all of the
14 disclosed forensic court medicine material as to Tomasica.
15 From 22 August to 28 August 2015, Professor Radovanovic was in
16 The Hague for purposes of testifying before Your Honours for her initial
17 expertise as to the remainder of the Prosecution case minus Tomasica as a
18 retained Defence expert.
19 On 29 August 2015, I personally communicated with Professor
20 Radovanovic who confirmed her arrival back in Belgrade from the Hague and
21 said that she would commence her review of the Tomasica evidence in a few
22 days after catching up with obligations that arose while in The Hague and
23 recovering from exertions related to her travel and to her testimony.
24 On 11 September 2015, I personally received Professor
25 Radovanovic's signed undertaking from the assistant in the field and
Page 39213
1 immediately forwarded the same to OLAD as per OLAD's request. The
2 undertaking had been signed already on 19 August 2015. I was also
3 advised that Professor Radovanovic needed to speak with me as to
4 additional matters and materials she felt were needed.
5 On 11 September 2015, I personally, with co-counsel, contacted
6 Professor Radovanovic as to the request for additional materials that had
7 not been disclosed by the OTP and talked about her progress and specific
8 requests for official documentation to relevant state authorities. An
9 official request was drafted that same day and sent out to the relevant
10 authorities by co-counsel. To date, we have not gotten a response to the
11 request of the relevant authorities for the required documents. Until
12 said documents are received, it would be premature and impossible to
13 predict accurately the amount of time that would be required for
14 Professor Radovanovic to complete her review of the same and draft the
15 necessary report and analysis, since we don't know the number or volume
16 of the same.
17 Professor Stankovic's schedule and availability have been limited
18 of late due to his official governmental duties in relation to his
19 governmental appointment such that I have not as of yet received his
20 signed undertaking. However, he has confirmed that he has started to
21 review the voluminous forensic material of the Prosecution disclosure as
22 to Tomasica. We anticipate and have asked that he attempt to complete
23 his review and provide a drafted report within 45 days of today, if
24 possible. My legal assistant is trying to reach him today to try and get
25 feedback on that proposed possibility.
Page 39214
1 And that completes the detailed chronology that I have prepared.
2 And I apologise to the translators for speaking quickly at certain points
3 while reading.
4 JUDGE ORIE: I would have a few questions.
5 First, of course, we'll ask the Registry to make any submissions,
6 if they wish to do so.
7 You said on the 14th of July you announced the CVs of the
8 assistants of Professor Radovanovic to be provided. When did you send
9 them?
10 MR. IVETIC: I believe the CVs were sent, I think, either the
11 next day or the day after, since we already received on the 21st, which
12 would be seven days later, the initial denial after they had reviewed the
13 CVs. So it's sometime within that same week.
14 JUDGE ORIE: Within days.
15 Then I have -- you referred to the 21st, you said the assistants
16 were denied. Was that also the day when the appointment of Professor
17 Radovanovic, apart from travelling and coming to The Hague, was approved,
18 or is that misunderstood?
19 MR. IVETIC: No, it was not. As a matter of fact, as I stated as
20 to our request for Professor Radovanovic, OLAD in that e-mail said they
21 would promise to let us know "as soon as practicable."
22 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
23 MR. IVETIC: And that decision arrived on the 17th of August,
24 2015.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. And do I understand that in fact until early
Page 39215
1 September, Professor Radovanovic was unable to start working on it?
2 MR. IVETIC: That's correct. I wasn't sure if you had something
3 to add. It sounded like you were still in the midst of a question.
4 JUDGE ORIE: And my last question would be, when Professor
5 Radovanovic was in The Hague here for testimony, was it considered or has
6 she tried to do in The Hague -- that is, to consult the underlying
7 materials she said she would need and therefore even need to travel to
8 The Hague to look at them when she was here, which would have resulted in
9 one-time travel expenses serving two purposes?
10 MR. IVETIC: She has. That was originally what we had proposed,
11 that when she would come to testify she could go to the Prosecution and
12 do the review. She has advised, of course, that she needs her assistants
13 to perform that review, that she is not able to perform a review of the
14 databases by herself without the assistance of statistical assistants and
15 the type of assistants that the Prosecution experts also employed and
16 also identified in their reports and in their testimony.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you for those informations. I think the
18 Prosecution, apart from now a reference on how the Prosecution works, is
19 hardly involved or not involved, apart from this scheduling aspects, of
20 course.
21 Is there any wish to make any further submissions?
22 MR. TIEGER: No, Mr. President. I have a couple of quick
23 comments.
24 Number one: No, the Prosecution was, in the sense the Court
25 means, not involved. Particularly in the sense that we responded
Page 39216
1 expeditiously to every request in connection with this matter so that
2 progress would not be retarded in any way. And I think that's been clear
3 on the record thus far.
4 And secondly, I have to say I didn't understand the
5 characterisation of the Registry response to the request in July as being
6 intractable. Particularly, what I heard was no travel unless necessary.
7 It seems to me that situation could have been resolved with a
8 determination of that including coming to the court as quickly as
9 possibly. But then it turns out, in any event, that access to the OTP
10 database, it seemed, was really not the issue here since other factors
11 are identified as precluding that kind of visit until something else
12 happens. So it seems that's a bit of a red herring under these
13 circumstances.
14 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. We'll invite the Registry to make any
15 submissions on very short notice so as not to lose further time.
16 That was your first preliminary matter.
17 Mr. Lukic, you take the second?
18 MR. LUKIC: Yes, Your Honour, and the third and the fourth.
19 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. Then please proceed.
20 MR. LUKIC: Thank you. I would just need the assistance of the
21 usher to distribute these copies to the booths and our court reporter,
22 please.
23 JUDGE ORIE: Any matter to be raised without the need of,
24 perhaps, the third or the fourth?
25 MR. LUKIC: No, Your Honour. Everything is on the same paper.
Page 39217
1 JUDGE ORIE: Then we'll patiently wait.
2 MR. LUKIC: I can see that the papers were delivered, and I will
3 start.
4 So I will present three preliminary matters this morning. The
5 first one is in section with the closing statement of Judge Orie from
6 yesterday 22nd September 2015. On page transcript T39205, Judge Orie
7 stated, and I quote:
8 "Mr. Lukic, I again urge you to focus on what such a witness
9 could bring us; that is, that she tell us about her expertise, that she
10 does not start to evaluate the totality of the evidence. We not even
11 knowing exactly always what it is that she has seen or what she has not
12 seen. But if she moves away from her expertise, she should be considered
13 a witness of fact and then we need a clear foundation of the sources of
14 knowledge. And as usual, witnesses of fact are not expected to give an
15 evaluation of the evidence."
16 Your Honours, our ballistic experts visited all of the incident
17 scenes and conducted their investigations and did their measurements. My
18 question to you is: Does this instruction of yours means that they
19 should not testify about their work in this regard? Because Ms. Subotic
20 testified exactly about that before you gave this instruction.
21 On transcript page 39203, the following was said, and I would
22 quote, line 14 and further:
23 "Q. So, did you manage to locate the other imprint?
24 "A. In 2010 when we visited the location, there were two
25 imprints in the parking-lot. They can also be found in the documents --
Page 39218
1 recorded in the documents created back in 2001 by the investigators.
2 "Q. According to the documents you were able to review, when is
3 the first mention of the second imprint?
4 "A. We found it for the first time in 2001, meaning that it
5 occurred sometime in between, between 1995 and 2001."
6 Second issue in connection with the instructions by Judge Orie is
7 the following. On page of our transcript 39200, that was yesterday, I
8 would quote:
9 "Judge Orie: Mr. Lukic, I am not telling you that you should not
10 present other evidence. I am telling you that if you call a witness as
11 an expert on ballistics, that that witness to draw all other kind of
12 conclusions which are to be drawn by the Chamber, present the facts and
13 leave the conclusions in the field of ballistics to expert and in other
14 fields to the Chamber.
15 "Please proceed."
16 "Mr. Lukic:" -- that would be me. "Your Honour, Your Honour, it
17 would be possible -- no, no, I have to respond --
18 "Judge Orie: Mr. Lukic --
19 "Mr. Lukic: It would be possible --
20 "Judge Orie: Mr. Lukic, please proceed. Next question to the
21 witness, please.
22 "Mr. Lukic: It would be possible if they were on the site at
23 that time. They had to use everything that they had.
24 "Judge Orie: Mr. Lukic, I told you - that's my ruling - that you
25 should put your next question to the witness."
Page 39219
1 In the course of this trial, we heard a large number of
2 Prosecution witnesses, both factual and expert witnesses, who dealt with
3 ballistics. The Defence concentrated almost all evidence of this kind
4 and carried them through their experts on ballistics. For the proper
5 functioning of our experts in ballistics, it is essential that they look
6 at all the evidence in its entirety.
7 Before this instruction given by Judge Orie, our expert witness,
8 Ms. Subotic, testified about the case G-4, shelling in Dobrinja. She
9 testified that the documents and the testimony of the witnesses of this
10 point for this incident that occurred in 1993, only one shell impact
11 crater was recorded at this location all the way until 2001. A second
12 mortar shell impact crater appears in the documents only after the year
13 2001.
14 Our expert has held that it is necessary to take into account
15 this fact and she testified about the same. These are facts that the
16 Defence holds the key to clearing up the case and rebutting the evidence
17 presented by the Prosecution during its case.
18 Is it the view of the Chamber and instruction to the Defence that
19 our ballistics experts should just blindly carry out measurements without
20 embarking on a whole evaluation of evidence that is necessary for them to
21 locate and identify the forensic trace evidence with which they are to
22 work as part and parcel of their ballistics review?
23 With all due respect, the Defence does not agree with this
24 position and will continue to present evidence that it considers relevant
25 to the determination of the truth and directly related to the review and
Page 39220
1 work performed by our expert witnesses. We consider ballistics experts
2 not to be only mathematicians who deal with numbers, but they have an
3 obligation to examine the evidence as a whole and to provide answers
4 based on everything that they have studied, to support the findings and
5 conclusions which they have.
6 And I will now move to the third issue.
7 JUDGE ORIE: This issue, Mr. Lukic, I think I and my colleagues
8 have carefully listened and we'll consider whether or not it needs any
9 further response, because you have put a few questions, and I leave it at
10 this moment to that.
11 Please proceed.
12 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
13 The third issue is a matter of time required to properly present
14 and examine our witnesses in court to demonstrate not only their
15 conclusions but also the way our witnesses performed their ballistics
16 review and reached their conclusions. The fact is the Defence estimated
17 that for the examination of this witness it will take five hours. During
18 the preparations here in The Hague, it turned out to be that this
19 assessment was incorrect and that the Defence needs more time to complete
20 the examination of this witness in a full and proper manner to appraise
21 and assist the Chamber in dealing with rather lengthy and technical
22 expert reports.
23 The Defence points out that it does not seek to extend the time
24 for the performance of the entire Defence case and points out that it
25 will stay within the limits of 207.5 hours. Our question is who
Page 39221
1 determines the manner in which the Defence uses their time, the members
2 of the Defence team or someone else?
3 Prosecution experts were not subjected to enforced reduction of
4 the time for their testimony and indeed many Prosecution experts in
5 direct examination had more than five hours without any similar
6 instruction from the Chamber. Theunens, for instance, 7 hours; Butler
7 had over 11 hours. Plus, I kindly note that multiple Prosecution experts
8 presented evidence, including opinions, as to shelling in Sarajevo.
9 Including, and this was Professor Higgs, for whom this Chamber did not
10 limit him to prevent him from discussing the conclusions of others and
11 then indeed he did analyse and give evidence about Bosnian police
12 investigations and statements of witnesses.
13 Thus, we are entirely concerned that now the Chamber is enforcing
14 a different standard than that employed for the Prosecution experts on
15 the very same subject matter.
16 Thank you, Your Honours, for giving us the opportunity to address
17 these matters.
18 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you.
19 Mr. Weber, you're on your feet, to do what?
20 MR. WEBER: Yes, Your Honours. If I could just make a few brief
21 observations on the matters that just transposed.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. The Chamber decides that you may do so.
23 MR. WEBER: Thank you very much, Your Honours.
24 We weren't informed of any of these matters just prior to court,
25 but just some preliminary observations with respect to the first two
Page 39222
1 issues raised by Mr. Lukic. It's the Prosecution's view, and it was our
2 understanding, that the thrust of the Chamber's concern from yesterday
3 was really a two-fold thing: One, whether or not the witness was
4 encroaching on matters that really are in the purview of the Trial
5 Chamber in the assessment of witness evidence --
6 MR. LUKIC: I really do not understand this exercise, that the
7 Prosecution is telling us what the Chamber thought yesterday.
8 JUDGE ORIE: Well, you --
9 MR. LUKIC: Can say what they understood.
10 JUDGE ORIE: I mean, of course they can't -- Mr. Weber has no
11 pretension, I take it, to tell us what we meant but how he understood
12 what we, as he thinks, we wanted to say.
13 MR. WEBER: Exactly. It was just my observations.
14 JUDGE ORIE: Please proceed.
15 MR. WEBER: And just on that, you know, it seemed to be coming up
16 in the context, when it was happening, that there is a -- a difference
17 between attacking the characterisation of evidence as being credible or
18 not credible on another occasion as from the example that Mr. Lukic just
19 actually used in court, where it was very specifically related to an
20 observation by a witness as to the number of shells that were actually
21 physically present and then subsequently finding out whether or not, in a
22 site visit, such shells were actually there.
23 So I think there is a distinguishing factor between those two.
24 And then the other aspect, that at least appeared to me to be
25 coming up in the context of court, there were just things that could be
Page 39223
1 not within the area of expertise of this witness - medical evidence, FIFA
2 rules - that we saw coming up during the course of the discussion of the
3 G-4 incident. So at least from the Prosecution's view this appeared to
4 be the types of things that were triggering the concerns at the time,
5 which are also shared by the Prosecution if this was the case.
6 With respect to expert Theunens just that -- that was commented
7 on quickly. I just make the quick point, there was litigation before
8 that and a discussion as to the reduction of the report or not, and then
9 the Prosecution needing to lead extra evidence in terms of the extra
10 timing for that report, so I just note that for the record.
11 With respect to Higgs, our examination was rather limited and
12 very focused and short, and it did focus on, of course, the Bosnian
13 investigators' material and reports and the evidence that they collected
14 during the course of their investigations. I believe the matters that
15 are coming up in this expert report exceed that scope.
16 Thank you, Your Honours.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you, Mr. Weber.
18 MR. LUKIC: If I may, Your Honours, about the FIFA rules. We
19 just wanted to present what actually the witness showed to the
20 investigator of the Prosecution, Mr. Hogan. He measured in his steps the
21 length of that goal --
22 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
23 MR. LUKIC: -- and we see the small one on the scene, and we see
24 one in the back of that size on that. So we had to present, actually,
25 what he showed on that only in the wrong place. That's why we have to --
Page 39224
1 had to put FIFA rules. If -- nobody needs FIFA rules, we can see the
2 same goal in the picture which is part of the report, so I don't see
3 anything improper if anybody uses FIFA rules. It's nothing that is
4 hidden. Everybody can use it.
5 JUDGE ORIE: We'll later consider, Mr. Lukic, when -- by steps,
6 the measurement of a goal is defined, whether there is or there is not a
7 relevant link with FIFA rules. We would leave it to that for the time
8 being.
9 Those were your submissions. Now, there are two preliminary
10 matters to be raised by the Prosecution.
11 Mr. Weber.
12 MR. WEBER: Thank you, Your Honours. And mine will be very
13 short.
14 Just to kind of keep track of our housekeeping and make progress
15 with it as we go with the witness. The G-4 video with Investigator Hogan
16 and Ismet Fazlic is available under 65 ter 22444A. The provisional
17 number reserved for the video is D1244. We do have the -- the
18 Prosecution just went ahead and cut the clips of the entire video and we
19 have them present here in the court. If it's -- if it's ready to be
20 tendered, then we -- I know it's technically a Defence exhibit, I don't
21 know if the Defence wants to re-tender it, but I wanted at least to
22 inform them at this time that that's available.
23 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. You say the whole of the video including all
24 portions shown by the Defence is now available as 22444A.
25 MR. WEBER: Yes, Your Honour. And it was from the very beginning
Page 39225
1 of the discussion of the G-4 to the end of the discussion.
2 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
3 Mr. Lukic, how would you like to proceed with that video? The
4 Prosecution -- Mr. Ivetic, yes.
5 Mr. Ivetic, the whole of the G-4 part, apparently, is now
6 available under this number.
7 MR. IVETIC: I don't have a problem with that. The only concern
8 I have is do the time-stamp entries that we used in court yesterday still
9 apply to the selection made by the OTP in 22444A?
10 MR. WEBER: Ms. Stewart is informing me that they do.
11 JUDGE ORIE: And if they would not, which I hardly dare to say
12 when Ms. Stewart said that it was, then of course a table of concordance
13 should be presented so that we know exactly what the -- and I think then
14 it's appropriate for the Prosecution to do that.
15 MR. IVETIC: Yes.
16 JUDGE ORIE: But it will be your exhibit and as well the
17 Prosecution's table of concordance if there is any problem remaining.
18 MR. WEBER: Thank you. Very well understood.
19 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Then it can be admitted. That means,
20 Madam Registrar, that D1244 now consists of -- and I see it that the
21 CD-ROM is presented to Madam Registrar at this moment, consists of
22 65 ter 22444A and is admitted into evidence.
23 MR. WEBER: Your Honour, the second matter that the Prosecution
24 had related to just the rolling notice of materials for this witness.
25 Of course, the Prosecution is willing to be flexible and certain
Page 39226
1 exhibits pose less of a challenge than others in terms of the late
2 notification. I just kindly ask that if we get late notification of
3 things, especially like happened last night, of longer videos that are
4 150 -- or an hour and 50 minutes long, that if there are some additional
5 specification made by the Defence in terms of particularity, what part --
6 what time on the video, these are sometimes large compilations of many
7 different incidents, and what part of the report specifically the portion
8 that is being noted in terms of the time code or pages relate to. That
9 would be greatly appreciated.
10 With respect to the videos for yesterday, we ask that at least we
11 receive that information before they are used in court.
12 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. I take it, Mr. Lukic, that to the extent
13 possible you'll meet the request by --
14 MR. LUKIC: I think we are --
15 JUDGE ORIE: -- the Prosecution.
16 MR. LUKIC: -- in a position to provide Mr. Weber with this data.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Then we -- I think if there are no other preliminary
18 matters, then we could do two things, ask the witness to come in, but
19 perhaps rather take the break now and start a bit earlier.
20 We'll take a break, and we will resume at a quarter to 11.00.
21 --- Recess taken at 10.23 a.m.
22 --- On resuming at 10.50 a.m.
23 JUDGE ORIE: We're waiting for the witness to be escorted into
24 the courtroom.
25 [The witness takes the stand]
Page 39227
1 JUDGE ORIE: Good morning, Ms. Subotic.
2 THE WITNESS: Good morning.
3 JUDGE ORIE: It's unfortunate that you had to wait a little bit
4 longer. We had to deal with a few procedural matters first, and you were
5 the victim.
6 Mr. Lukic will now resume his examination-in-chief, and I'd like
7 to remind you that you are still bound by the solemn declaration you've
8 given yesterday at the beginning of your testimony.
9 Please proceed.
10 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
11 WITNESS: ZORICA SUBOTIC [Resumed]
12 [Witness answered through interpreter]
13 Examination by Mr. Lukic: [Continued]
14 Q. [Interpretation] Good morning, Ms. Subotic.
15 A. Good morning.
16 Q. Please let us go back to G-4, at least in your mind. I wanted to
17 show you P872.
18 A. I apologise.
19 Q. In this exhibit, we can see it is entitled "Photo file,"
20 "Shelling," the 1st of June, 1993. Photographs taken on 21 November
21 1995.
22 MR. LUKIC: Can we see the next page, please. Can we see the
23 next one.
24 Q. [Interpretation] According to your knowledge, who initiated this
25 investigation?
Page 39228
1 A. As far as I know, the investigation was conducted on the basis of
2 the ICTY request.
3 Q. Was the site also visited by a representative of the OTP, of
4 The Hague Office of the Prosecutor?
5 A. Yes.
6 Q. Let us see what we can find in this record of forensic
7 investigation of the scene, especially because it was drafted two years
8 after the incident.
9 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] We would like to see page 5 in the
10 English and 3 in the B/C/S. [In English] Page 5 -- page 3 B/C/S.
11 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Your microphone.
12 MR. LUKIC: Page 3 in B/C/S, please. We have it in B/C/S. It's
13 in the middle of the page -- sorry, the previous page first. It's page 3
14 in B/C/S. It's the previous page in English, I am sorry. Top of the
15 page is in English.
16 [Interpretation] In this paragraph, in the middle of the page in
17 the B/C/S, we can see that it says:
18 "A detailed forensic investigation of the scene of the attack
19 revealed the following."
20 Bullet point 1:
21 "An artillery shell fell on the location of the parking lot in 3b
22 Dobrinja neighbourhood."
23 Let us now look at what was stated in terms of the second
24 projectile, which is on the next page in the B/C/S but the same page in
25 the English.
Page 39229
1 [In English] Sorry, it is the next page in English as well.
2 THE WITNESS: Yes.
3 MR. LUKIC: It's the last paragraph in both versions.
4 Q. [Interpretation] There we see the following:
5 "The point of impact of the second shell was not forensically
6 examined due to the changed appearance of the soil adjacent to the
7 parking lot (various agricultural plants have been planted there in the
8 meantime)."
9 What we can find in the indictment, what can we see there, how
10 many projectiles and on what surface?
11 A. It is specified that there are two shell imprints and that both
12 can be found on the parking-lot.
13 Q. Thank you.
14 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Could we look at some footage next,
15 and we will need only a few seconds of it. It is 1D05221.
16 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, could I just ask you, there is a question
17 mark in the transcript, page 23, line 7, "what we can find in the" and I
18 think I heard you said "indictment." Is that what you said?
19 MR. LUKIC: Yes, I did, Your Honour.
20 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Could you then -- could you then further
21 explore the answer in relation to the -- what we find in the indictment?
22 Where the witness said that:
23 "It is specified that there are two shell imprints and that both
24 can be found on the parking-lot."
25 Perhaps the witness could answer the question. Is it your
Page 39230
1 testimony that the indictment tells us that imprints were found on the
2 parking-lot and that there were two?
3 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] That is correct.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you. Please proceed.
5 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
6 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] If I may add, both are in the -- on
7 the asphalt, on the tarmac of the parking-lot.
8 JUDGE ORIE: The question was whether the indictment tells us
9 that there were imprints of shells on the parking-lot and that there were
10 two.
11 THE WITNESS: Yes.
12 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you.
13 Mr. Weber.
14 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, the 65 ter number that was just
15 announced was 1D5221. We do not have this on our notification for this
16 witness.
17 MR. LUKIC: Probably I misspoke --
18 MR. WEBER: Oh, 55 --
19 MR. LUKIC: -- it's 1D55921.
20 JUDGE ORIE: And now it is on your list. Please proceed.
21 MR. LUKIC: And we should see this video from 2 hours, 7 minutes,
22 33 seconds, up to 2 hours, 7 minutes, 58 seconds. We will only rely on
23 the picture, not on the sound.
24 JUDGE ORIE: Then there is no need --
25 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, the Prosecution actually asked for -- I
Page 39231
1 know what he's about to use, and we believe the sound is also relevant.
2 JUDGE ORIE: Sound or words spoken?
3 MR. WEBER: My recollection of the video is that there is sound,
4 not necessarily words.
5 JUDGE ORIE: If it is --
6 MR. LUKIC: Words, words, not sound. We are not leaning on
7 sound -- on words --
8 JUDGE ORIE: On words.
9 MR. LUKIC: -- because we don't have a transcript, so ...
10 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, okay. So we'll ignore any words spoken unless
11 the Prosecution insist on words spoken as well. And sound, of course, is
12 sometimes also something which is not spoken but --
13 MR. LUKIC: We --
14 JUDGE ORIE: -- let's have a look at it first and then we'll find
15 out.
16 MR. LUKIC: It is not mute, definitely.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, that's okay.
18 MR. LUKIC: Can we start, please.
19 [Video-clip played]
20 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
21 Q. In your report, did you rely on any stills from this footage, and
22 if so, which ones?
23 A. Yes. We used the stills provided on images 32 and 33 showing
24 blood traces or smears. In image 32, we can also see some shell traces;
25 and in image 33, we can clearly where the shell had landed on the asphalt
Page 39232
1 and to the right we see the trace of blood from a different angle.
2 Q. What about images 28 and 29?
3 A. It is the same location.
4 Q. From the same footage, if you recall?
5 A. No. 32 is not from the same angle.
6 Q. No, that's not what I mean. Let's look at the next thing.
7 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Let's start with 2 hours, 8 minutes,
8 20 seconds, to 2 hours, 8 minutes, 26 seconds.
9 Please bear with us. It isn't easy to find the exact time.
10 [Video-clip played]
11 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
12 Q. Do images 28 and 29 have something to do with this part of the
13 footage?
14 A. Yes. Images 28 and 29 are basically the same. They are related
15 to the footage. However, image number 29 is simply zoomed in.
16 Q. Thank you.
17 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] We'd like to tender the pieces of
18 footage we have shown. We discussed it with my learned friend,
19 Mr. Weber, and I believe he will have something to say about the footage
20 when they rely on it later on.
21 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
22 MR. WEBER: Your Honour, just for economy's sake, I think it
23 would make sense just to have one number for the -- the relevant portions
24 of this to the parties. We submit that would be time code 2 hours,
25 7 minutes, 33 seconds, to 2 hours, 8 minutes, 26 seconds. So we have no
Page 39233
1 objection to that clip being cut for that time segment and being tendered
2 at this time.
3 MR. LUKIC: We accept the way my learned friend proposed.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Which means that we take that out as a separate
5 exhibit, is that?
6 MR. LUKIC: As one. So it's encompasses both these clips and
7 [overlapping speakers] --
8 JUDGE ORIE: And for the next --
9 MR. LUKIC: -- in between.
10 JUDGE ORIE: And for the next one as well? So we'll wait --
11 MR. LUKIC: No, we can have Defence number for the whole thing.
12 [Trial Chamber confers]
13 MR. IVETIC: And ...
14 [Trial Chamber confers]
15 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, finally there -- the upload of the entire
16 portion of the video, we are still waiting for that, but the time-frames
17 here have been clearly defined. And we already reserve a number for
18 this.
19 Madam Registrar, the number to be reserved for ...
20 THE REGISTRAR: D1250.
21 JUDGE ORIE: And that's reserved for the whole sequence of videos
22 of which we have seen part of -- two, we have seen two parts.
23 Please proceed, Mr. Lukic.
24 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
25 [Interpretation] We'll look at another thing in the previous
Page 39234
1 document, which was P872, the photo file and record created two years
2 after the incident. Can we please have page 5 in the English and 4 in
3 the B/C/S version. The penultimate paragraph with the two bullet points
4 in both versions.
5 Q. It is stated that it was established that the shell which hit the
6 tarmac surface of the parking-lot was an 82-millimetre shell, and then
7 the shell came in from the south-easterly direction of 110 degrees from
8 the north. Did you try to verify the result of 110 degrees from the
9 north?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. What was your finding?
12 A. Our finding differed from this one. Please bear with me. It is
13 greater. Let me tell you the exact figure. Our finding is greater being
14 between 139 and 150 degrees. We determined it in two ways: By direct
15 measurement of the traces we found in September 2010, and by comparing it
16 to the bearing of the parking line at the place of the traces, having
17 previously determined the bearing of the parking-lot as per Google Maps
18 which is just something we can see in image 35. The comparison I
19 mentioned can be found in image 31.
20 Q. Briefly tell us what your conclusion about the incident was.
21 A. Overall?
22 Q. Yes.
23 A. Our conclusion about this incident was that there were many
24 issues in trying to determine what the real situation was, starting first
25 of all with the place of incident and followed by some missing
Page 39235
1 information from the first police investigation, as well as the fact that
2 UNPROFOR conducted an on-site investigation that we were unable to rely
3 on because the reference trig points were some 200 metres away from the
4 playing field.
5 There was also a very particular or peculiar circumstance of
6 having the police conducting a detailed investigation two years later.
7 It was a very detailed, precise report, but they did not find the traces
8 of the second mine. But all of us, starting with 2001 and ending in
9 2002, all of us found two traces; therefore, it was very difficult to
10 make a positive decision bearing all this in mind.
11 One thing is certain, though, which is that the game itself was
12 not played at the location that was investigated but in the playing field
13 next to it, which is something we discussed yesterday.
14 Q. Let us move on to incident G-5.
15 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] In the English, its page 51; in the
16 B/C/S, 79.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Just to be sure what you said, "the game itself was
18 not played at the location that was investigated." That was your
19 conclusion on the basis of where cars were seen, where the poles of the
20 goals were, is that where you rely upon when saying that:
21 "One thing is certain ... that the game itself was not played at
22 that location"?
23 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I rely on witness statements, the
24 footage we saw today and yesterday, it was discussed at length, and of
25 course the traces which were found or appeared. If the situation was
Page 39236
1 described properly, they should have been there when Captain Houdet was
2 there. He attended the scene but his co-ordinates were unclear. They
3 took us 200 metres away from the area and we were unable to use them in
4 any way in our investigation.
5 JUDGE ORIE: I have some difficulties in understanding how, on
6 the basis of traces you find on the floor -- you receive no
7 interpretation?
8 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I am now.
9 JUDGE ORIE: I have some difficulties in understanding how, on
10 the basis of traces you find on the floor, you can determine where they
11 were playing football.
12 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] The traces of only one shell can be
13 found on the ground on the day of the incident. However, all of the
14 witnesses state, and it is not disputed, that two shells exploded. There
15 is no trace of the other shell, as we can see on the TV footage. When
16 you review the entire piece of the footage that was tendered, you will
17 see that the whole parking-lot is visible but there are no extra traces;
18 on the other hand, we said that there were no blood traces.
19 Also, there were some mini goal-posts there, while in the playing
20 field in the background you see a standard goal size. Also, we have the
21 footage with Ismet Fazlic indicating the location. The investigators
22 were brought in the same area, and two years later when they were there,
23 there was still no traces of the second shell. Had the game been played
24 there, two years later the traces of the second shell would have been
25 present in the parking-lot.
Page 39237
1 It is my impression that none of the investigators were taken to
2 the playing field that we claim the game was played on. All of the
3 material evidence indicate that the game was actually not played in the
4 parking-lot. The investigators were told that it was somewhere on the
5 site in the soil, but they didn't find anything in the parking-lot. Yet
6 the witnesses claim that the shell landed only metres away from each
7 other, all of those who survived the incident as well as a military
8 policeman.
9 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, that's your conclusion on the basis of all that
10 material.
11 THE WITNESS: Yes.
12 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you.
13 Please proceed.
14 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes.
15 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
16 Q. So we'll be talking about a case when on 12 July 1993, around
17 1527 hours, in Spasenije Babovic Street in Dobrinja, a shell -- an
18 82-millimetre shell fell. What was characteristic in your report,
19 Ms. Subotic, in determining the facts?
20 A. First, and the basic problem, was to locate the site of the
21 incident. Although there was a police report, it contained contradictory
22 information about the location where the shell fell. So we have one
23 address, Branko Bujic alley, Josip Kras Street, Spasenije Babovic Street.
24 So three different sites. Therefore, the basic thing that we had to
25 start with was to locate the site precisely.
Page 39238
1 Q. And how did you do that?
2 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, wouldn't it be good for everyone to
3 follow what we are talking about. It's about incident G-5, I take it,
4 and I also see that paragraph 49 starts dealing with that incident. Is
5 that --
6 MR. LUKIC: Yes, Your Honour.
7 JUDGE ORIE: -- in the report?
8 MR. LUKIC: That's from the report, yes.
9 JUDGE ORIE: And the hard copy page is 81. I don't have it in
10 e-court here at this moment -- at least I do not have it, but --
11 MR. LUKIC: It is 81 in English and 79 in B/C/S.
12 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
13 MR. LUKIC: The beginning.
14 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Let's proceed.
15 MR. LUKIC:
16 Q. [No interpretation]
17 A. [No interpretation]
18 JUDGE FLUEGGE: We don't receive interpretation at the moment.
19 THE INTERPRETER: Interpreter's apologies.
20 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Accepted.
21 JUDGE ORIE: Could you please restart your answer.
22 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
23 JUDGE ORIE: Or perhaps you put the question again.
24 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
25 Q. Let's try again. How did you manage to find the site and where
Page 39239
1 was it? How many addresses did you mention in the report?
2 A. We mentioned three addresses in the report. We visited them all.
3 By the way, we managed to find out that the Spasenije Babovic is no
4 longer called that but Hakija Turajlic. And in that Hakija Turajlic
5 Street, it was house number 39.
6 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Let's look at 65 ter 11238. We have
7 before us an official report about the incident of 27 -- sorry, 12 July
8 1993, and the report was made in August.
9 We need page 3 in English and 5 in B/C/S.
10 We see below the title "Official Report," when it was made, on
11 the 9th of August. And it says that this incident took place outside the
12 residential building in the alley called B. Bujic, number 6.
13 Now we need paragraph 7 in B/C/S, which is on the same page. And
14 in English, also on the same page -- [In English] Sorry.
15 [Interpretation] I can't see it in English, in fact. That's the fifth
16 paragraph in English.
17 It says outside a private house in the alley B. Bujic, number
18 155, opposite another house in Spasenije Cane Babovic Street number 6.
19 You said there were several addresses. You had a problem locating the
20 site?
21 A. Yes, if you look at picture 39, which was taken from Google Earth
22 in the early -- B. Bujic and Spasenije Cane Babovic Street, these houses
23 are not opposite each other. They are rather far apart.
24 Q. Thank you. For the moment we don't need to take this document
25 off the screen. I want to ask you which method did you find was used by
Page 39240
1 the employees of the security services centre Sarajevo to determine the
2 direction of the descent of the shell?
3 A. The method they mentioned in the official report, and it's again
4 mentioned in some statements, is something that I saw for the first time.
5 They mentally drew a line to designate the trajectory from the imagined
6 site of explosion, and all these lines ended in the place where the shell
7 exploded, and that's the mutilated body of an identified person who was
8 thrown by the explosion and landed close to the fence. That type of
9 explosion, I don't think I need to mention it, does not exist. And even
10 if something like that existed, it could not be linked to the site where
11 the corpse was found if the body had been thrown far from the site of the
12 explosion.
13 So it was totally unnecessary and completely useless for any kind
14 of consideration.
15 JUDGE MOLOTO: If I might just get some clarity.
16 Ma'am, you say that "they drew a line to designate the trajectory
17 from the imagined site of explosion." What do you mean by "site of
18 explosion"?
19 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Well, the site of explosion is
20 where the shell detonated, where the shell landed. In this case --
21 JUDGE MOLOTO: Then --
22 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] -- it's --
23 JUDGE MOLOTO: Can we carry on with the sentence then. Then you
24 say:
25 "... and all these lines ended in the place where the shell
Page 39241
1 exploded."
2 It doesn't seem to be a line. It seems to a point. You are
3 talking about a line from this point and it ends at this very point. It
4 doesn't seem to be a line. It seems to be just a point.
5 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] No, maybe I misspoke.
6 JUDGE MOLOTO: That's why I'm asking you --
7 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] It's extremely difficult to follow
8 a thought that is so devoid of reason. What did he mean to say? He
9 wanted to say that some lines that he saw on parts of the fence and cars,
10 places where the shrapnel hit --
11 JUDGE MOLOTO: Can I stop you, ma'am. Now you are telling
12 about -- he said of a line. You are telling us that they drew a line
13 in -- in their heads, an imaginary line. You are not telling us that
14 somebody told you he drew a line, and I am trying to understand your
15 thinking and your logic.
16 You say they drew a line, imaginary line, from the site of
17 explosion to the site where the -- where the thing detonated. Now, that
18 seems to be the same point, and I'm asking you what he -- that's why I
19 asked you what you mean by "site of explosion."
20 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] That is one and the same point, and
21 that's why I said I misspoke.
22 JUDGE MOLOTO: So that can't be a line. That can't be a line.
23 THE WITNESS: Yes, yes.
24 JUDGE MOLOTO: It's a point.
25 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] First of all, nobody drew any
Page 39242
1 lines. They were all imaginary. The expert explains his work in the
2 following way: He mentally drew lines from the place where he found
3 traces of fragments and shrapnel, created by the explosion, and in his
4 thoughts all these lines ended with the mutilated body where the centre
5 of the explosion was. That's what he said.
6 JUDGE MOLOTO: Drew a line from there to where? Can you explain
7 us where the line went to?
8 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Well, in his head these lines were
9 from where he saw defects on the fence. He didn't specify on cars and
10 other places. And all these lines ended with the unidentified body lying
11 next to the fence which - I am adding this now - which body was thrown by
12 the explosion. It's extremely difficulty to follow this because this
13 reasoning is flawed and technically impossible.
14 If you need me to explain further, I am at your disposal.
15 JUDGE MOLOTO: I -- well, I am hearing different explanations.
16 Now you are mentioning fences and cars which you hadn't mentioned before,
17 so I'm finding it difficult to understand what --
18 THE WITNESS: Yes, yes.
19 JUDGE MOLOTO: Thank you so much.
20 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] It is difficult.
21 MR. LUKIC: We'll go through a document so I think it will be
22 easier to understand soon.
23 First we would offer this 11238 into evidence, Your Honour.
24 MR. WEBER: No objection. And that's the file for the incident.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
Page 39243
1 Madam Registrar.
2 THE REGISTRAR: Document 11238 receives Exhibit Number D1251,
3 Your Honours.
4 JUDGE ORIE: And is admitted into evidence.
5 MR. LUKIC: Now can we have 1D05728, please.
6 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, I'll take it that whatever mentally drawn
7 lines are, that we'll --
8 MR. LUKIC: We'll read it in this next document, yes. The first
9 one we are looking at.
10 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, so apparently it's not only mentally, perhaps,
11 but let's have a look.
12 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] This is the statement of Hamdija
13 Cavic taken by the OTP of this Tribunal. And in this statement, we need
14 page 3 in English, halfway down the page, and also 3 in B/C/S, the fifth
15 paragraph.
16 I shall read what this witness says, [In English] in the middle
17 of the page in both versions:
18 [Interpretation] "Looking at all the damage on the fence and the
19 car, I could see by the shape of the damage from which direction the
20 shrapnel had come. When I drew imaginary lines from these defects, they
21 all came together at one point, the mutilated body."
22 [In English] Yes, Your Honour.
23 JUDGE MOLOTO: That makes it much better. I at least -- this is
24 what this witness says, not what this witness --
25 MR. LUKIC: Exactly.
Page 39244
1 JUDGE MOLOTO: -- tells us was imagined.
2 MR. LUKIC: No, no -- yeah. I don't know how it was translated,
3 but I had to ask --
4 JUDGE MOLOTO: Thank you.
5 MR. LUKIC: -- first.
6 JUDGE MOLOTO: Thank you very much.
7 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
8 Q. Ms. Subotic --
9 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
10 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, I just would ask for the full reading
11 of the paragraph. This is someone we haven't heard from --
12 JUDGE ORIE: Any problems if Mr. Lukic doesn't do it and you can
13 do it later in --
14 MR. WEBER: I just --
15 JUDGE ORIE: But if Mr. Lukic could follow your suggestion, he's
16 free to do so.
17 MR. LUKIC: I can read till the end. Yes.
18 Q. [Interpretation] I forgot to read the last sentence in this
19 paragraph:
20 "It was without any doubt that the shell was fired from the
21 direction we determined and wrote down in the report."
22 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Mr. Lukic, now you left out the sentence in
23 between, which starts: "Because of this ..."
24 MR. LUKIC: I think I have it -- I read it.
25 JUDGE FLUEGGE: No, your assistant agrees with me.
Page 39245
1 MR. LUKIC: No, okay. Sorry. I was warned that I didn't read
2 it. Thank you.
3 Q. [Interpretation] I missed another sentence, the one before the
4 last.
5 "Because of this, we concluded that the shell exploded on the
6 body."
7 So, Ms. Subotic, do you accept this method used to analyse this
8 explosion?
9 A. Certainly not.
10 Q. Just a moment. So you don't accept it?
11 A. No, I don't.
12 Q. What is your main objection to the method used by the employees
13 of CSB Sarajevo?
14 A. My main objection to the method used by CSB Sarajevo is that you
15 cannot determine the place of explosion in that way, when the body was
16 removed from the place of the explosion. If all these lines crossed at
17 the same point, that's not where the explosion was. The body was not in
18 the same place as the explosion.
19 JUDGE MOLOTO: This paragraph is not determining the place of
20 explosion but the direction from which the fire came.
21 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] To establish the direction from
22 which fire came, first of all you have to determine the site of the
23 explosion. And then based on other material --
24 [Trial Chamber confers]
25 JUDGE ORIE: Please proceed.
Page 39246
1 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
2 Q. [Interpretation] Ms. Subotic, what did you establish and
3 conclude, and in which way?
4 A. The report itself states and also the photo documentation and the
5 video recording made at this on-site investigation indicate sufficient
6 elements to determine precisely where the explosion was and the direction
7 of the shell. And let me also mention that when we were there in 2010,
8 we found on the ground all the traces and we also identified the site of
9 the incident based on the photo documentation, which was properly done,
10 and based on the traces on site.
11 Q. Very well. Let us then go back to your report.
12 JUDGE ORIE: Perhaps one short question.
13 You said the body wasn't -- had been removed. Is that well
14 understood?
15 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] The photo documentation contains
16 photos where the body is still there, still hasn't been removed, and it's
17 indicated in the report. Picture 41, 44. In picture 44, the body is
18 indicated by an arrow. It's between the Skoda car and the fence. And
19 that is the corpse they used in the analysis.
20 JUDGE ORIE: Please proceed. I may have to re-read portions of
21 the transcript.
22 Please proceed.
23 JUDGE FLUEGGE: May I, for my clarity, just ask: What do you
24 mean by "remove," Witness? Do you mean removed by the shell itself and
25 thrown to another place, or removed later after the explosion by police
Page 39247
1 people or somebody else? What do you mean by "removed"?
2 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I understood the question as
3 meaning whether the body was removed by the CSB people who prepared the
4 report, and that's how I answered the question. No, the body is still
5 there when the photograph is made. But the body had already been
6 propelled and thrown by the explosion and that's where it came to land.
7 And the explosion hit the right hip of that person, according to the
8 documentation.
9 JUDGE FLUEGGE: I'm asking that because on page 39, line 6 and
10 the following, you said:
11 "My main objection to the method used by the CSB Sarajevo is that
12 you cannot determine the place of explosion in that way, when the body
13 was removed from the place of the explosion."
14 You mean from -- removed from the place of the explosion, I
15 understood the place of explosion to be that point where the body was
16 thrown away from to the fence; is that correct?
17 THE INTERPRETER: Interpreter's note: The interpreter used this
18 word "removed" to indicate that the body was removed by the explosion.
19 THE WITNESS: [Overlapping speakers] ...
20 THE INTERPRETER: In the sense, thrown.
21 JUDGE ORIE: One second.
22 Witness, on the English channel they received some explanation
23 from the interpreters. That's the reason why I asked you stop for a
24 second.
25 JUDGE FLUEGGE: And this interpretation, this comment, clarified
Page 39248
1 the matter for me. Thank you.
2 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
3 Please proceed.
4 MR. LUKIC: It's break time, Your Honour.
5 JUDGE ORIE: It certainly is.
6 We'll take a break and we'll resume at 10 minutes past 12.00.
7 The witness may follow the usher.
8 [The witness stands down]
9 --- Recess taken at 11.47 a.m.
10 --- On resuming at 12.12 p.m.
11 [The witness takes the stand]
12 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, you may proceed.
13 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
14 Can we have on our screens 1D5498, please. And we need page 97
15 from this report in English and 96 in B/C/S, figure 52.
16 Q. [Interpretation] Is figure 52 in front of you, Ms. Subotic?
17 A. Yes.
18 Q. Who took it?
19 A. My colleague and I, when together with the Defence team, we
20 visited the incident locations in Sarajevo in 2010.
21 Q. The yellow line on the asphalt, what is it?
22 A. It is a measuring tape that we placed indicating the incoming
23 trajectory.
24 Q. How did you determine it?
25 A. As we can see in the photograph, we marked the still existing
Page 39249
1 traces on the asphalt, and we used the method of central axis to place
2 the tape in order for it to be visible. We determined the incoming
3 trajectory by determining the bearing of the pedestrian path and its
4 edge, and we can see the deviation from the pedestrian area to the
5 incoming trajectory, including that the trajectory is in the direction of
6 north or north --
7 THE INTERPRETER: Interpreter's note: Could the witness kindly
8 repeat the side of the world.
9 JUDGE MOLOTO: Madam Witness, you are asked to repeat the last
10 part of your answer. You said "from the north" and then you didn't
11 finish the sentence.
12 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I said -- I don't know how far we
13 got, but I'll start with the measuring tape and the traces again.
14 I think it was 157, I started looking on Google Earth to locate
15 the direction of the street. That is why I stopped and did not finish.
16 It is 157. As you can see, some 20 degrees away it is --
17 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
18 Q. You say "as we can see," what do you mean?
19 A. As you can see on the photograph.
20 JUDGE FLUEGGE: You were asked to repeat the last part of your
21 previous answer. The sentence started:
22 "We can see the deviation from the pedestrian area toward
23 incoming trajectory, including that the trajectory is in the direction of
24 north or ..."
25 What did you say then? How did you conclude this sentence?
Page 39250
1 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I said that it comes from the
2 northerly direction, slightly towards the east. That was the part I did
3 not complete.
4 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Thank you.
5 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
6 JUDGE MOLOTO: The only problem for me is that looking at this
7 photograph, I cannot make out, from what you have just told us, which is
8 north, which is east, which is south.
9 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] You're absolutely correct. That is
10 why I stopped to look for another figure so as to assist you. It is
11 figure 43 in the report, where we see the bearing of the street itself.
12 When you look at that figure and compare it with this one, it is clear
13 then.
14 MR. LUKIC: 88 from the report.
15 JUDGE MOLOTO: Thank you.
16 MR. LUKIC: It's 89 in English and 88 in B/C/S.
17 Q. [Interpretation] Please tell us again what we can see here.
18 A. I said that when we look at figure 33 in the report, we can see
19 the bearing, according to Google Earth, with relation to the place of
20 incident, and it is 157 degrees compared to true north, and we come to
21 the area -- the pedestrian area edge, which is some 10 to 20 degrees to
22 the right. On this photograph, it is to the right, and on the previous
23 to the left. It defines the incoming trajectory which is just off north
24 in an easterly direction. So if we were to mark the incoming trajectory
25 on this photograph, the one we could see on the previous one, it would be
Page 39251
1 much clearer to you.
2 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] With the usher's assistance,
3 [In English] can we have only one picture, let's say in English version,
4 on our screen, and I will ask Ms. Subotic to draw that line since we
5 don't have it.
6 JUDGE FLUEGGE: To avoid any misunderstanding, it's figure 43,
7 43.
8 MR. LUKIC: Yes, Your Honour. Thank you.
9 Q. [Interpretation] I know it isn't easy, but try to do your best.
10 A. I failed.
11 Q. Wait a second.
12 MR. LUKIC: Can you erase this so ...
13 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] More or less this is the direction
14 shown by the measuring tape as the incoming trajectory.
15 JUDGE FLUEGGE: And what does the second line indicate?
16 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] It was by accident that I touched
17 the screen.
18 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Can that be erased?
19 MR. LUKIC: Yeah, yeah.
20 JUDGE ORIE: Could the usher assist in erasing what you by
21 accident marked.
22 MR. LUKIC: Or maybe to erase everything and to have one straight
23 line.
24 Is this line good enough, or we should ...
25 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Perhaps for clarity's sake we could repeat this
Page 39252
1 exercise.
2 MR. LUKIC: Yes, I think so.
3 Please, can you erase everything so that Ms. Subotic can draw
4 next -- no, no, no -- yeah.
5 [Interpretation] Thank you.
6 JUDGE ORIE: Could I ask you, is that then what you determined to
7 be the direction of the incoming fire?
8 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes. To the east compared to true
9 north.
10 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Now, if I look at the photograph, and you
11 earlier said it's some 10 to 20 degrees, could you be more precise?
12 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] In what way? 10 to 20. It is as
13 precise as we can gauge based on the existing evidence. 20, 30, there
14 you go. Let's say between 10 and 30. That is why we did not determine
15 it specifically in the report. We were unable to.
16 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. Let me just --
17 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] But it is definitely slightly off
18 north towards the east.
19 JUDGE ORIE: I need some time to analyse that, but please proceed
20 for the time being.
21 MR. LUKIC: Can we save this as the next Defence exhibit, please.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Madam Registrar.
23 THE REGISTRAR: Figure 43 on page 89 of the English version of
24 the document 1D05498, marked by the witness, receives Exhibit Number
25 D1252, Your Honours.
Page 39253
1 JUDGE ORIE: Admitted into evidence.
2 MR. LUKIC: Can we have picture or figure 52a on our screens.
3 It's page 97 in B/C/S.
4 JUDGE MOLOTO: What page is it in English?
5 MR. LUKIC: Page 98 in English, please.
6 Q. [Interpretation] Ms. Subotic, what did you determine on this
7 photograph, and is it any different from what was previously shown?
8 A. No, we only have the incoming direction with a degree of
9 tolerance or margin of error provided by Mr. Higgs in his report. We
10 only added the right corner where we marked the boundaries of
11 ABiH-controlled territory, and its bearing is up to 66 degrees, as we
12 indicated.
13 Q. And approximately?
14 A. He determined that the incoming direction is north-east, and he
15 accepted the results of Bosnian investigators' results. As for the
16 material evidence, which is something we added, all that falls within the
17 two blue lines, and we said it is to the east from true north up to --
18 and up to 66 degrees, the territory was controlled by the ABiH, as you
19 can see in the caption.
20 THE INTERPRETER: Interpreter's note: Could the witness kindly
21 be asked to refrain from coughing into the microphone. Thank you.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Witness, to the extent you can avoid coughing into
23 the microphone, the interpreters would appreciate that.
24 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
25 Q. Ms. Subotic, did you determine the separation line between the
Page 39254
1 VRS and ABiH and how?
2 A. We did not determine that. This map was found in the Higgs
3 report.
4 Q. This shell for which you told us came from the north-easterly
5 direction?
6 A. No, just off north towards the east.
7 Q. My apologies.
8 JUDGE ORIE: Just to be certain, it could not be west of north?
9 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
10 Q. As Higgs ascertained, that is the Judge's question.
11 JUDGE ORIE: No, I didn't refer to Higgs in any way.
12 MR. LUKIC: Okay.
13 JUDGE ORIE: I asked whether it could have been west of north, or
14 are you certain that it's slightly east of north?
15 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] We are certain because we had
16 evidence from the field.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, you have explained why you came to that
18 conclusion. At least you've given us the dates, and I may revisit this
19 matter later.
20 Please proceed.
21 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
22 Q. [Interpretation] Were you able to establish what was the closest
23 position of the VRS compared to the direction you determined?
24 A. The closest positions were 8 to 9 kilometres away.
25 Q. And the maximum range of the mortar in question?
Page 39255
1 A. The maximum range is far below that.
2 Q. Were there any military facilities close by?
3 A. Yes, there were statements confirming that.
4 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Which --
5 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
6 Q. Can you --
7 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Which military facilities? Don't you know that
8 from the top of your head?
9 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] You know, it would be too much for
10 me to remember all that detail.
11 JUDGE FLUEGGE: That's fine.
12 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I think there was a command post
13 some 100 to 150 metres away. Another facility that can be viewed as
14 military was an entrance to the tunnel. The trenches, connecting
15 trenches, according to witnesses' statements, were some 250 metres away.
16 That is speaking off-the-cuff. I can't be more precise at this moment.
17 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Thank you.
18 MR. LUKIC: Can we have 1D5723.
19 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Before this comes up --
20 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
21 JUDGE FLUEGGE: -- I have a question with respect to the
22 figure 52a we have in front of us. You say there, as an explanation of
23 this figure:
24 "The incoming direction of the shell drawn by Mr. Higgs, red, and
25 the incoming direction north, north-east drawn on the basis of physical
Page 39256
1 evidence, blue."
2 What kind of physical evidence you are relying on? Could you
3 briefly summarise them?
4 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] The type of traces left on the
5 asphalt after the mine exploded. We showed you how we analysed it in
6 figure 52.
7 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Yes, the traces on the asphalt. Thank you.
8 Mr. Lukic.
9 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
10 JUDGE ORIE: One short follow-up question.
11 You gave the blue line azimuth 66 degrees. That is what you
12 established on that basis? Because you said "slightly east of north."
13 Now, you go 66 degrees. That is more than two-thirds of a quarter of the
14 compass. Is --
15 MR. LUKIC: No, Your Honour. It's not in the transcript.
16 Ms. Subotic explained that that's the area covered by ABiH, Army of
17 Bosnia and Herzegovina.
18 JUDGE ORIE: Well, whatever -- Witness, I see azimuth is
19 66 degrees here on this figure 52a. Earlier you said it was just east of
20 north. Now, when --
21 THE INTERPRETER: Could the witness repeat? There were
22 overlapping speakers.
23 JUDGE ORIE: Could you please repeat your last answer, because
24 the interpreters didn't catch it.
25 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] In the right-hand side corner of
Page 39257
1 this image, we see delineated the area controlled by the ABiH and its
2 limits are between 0 and 66 degrees. Our incoming trajectory is in a
3 northerly direction just off to the east.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. I do understand.
5 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] And it falls within that area.
6 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, I see that point.
7 Please proceed.
8 MR. LUKIC: Any more questions by the Bench?
9 JUDGE ORIE: I certainly will have some more questions in
10 relation to this later, but I at least now understand --
11 MR. LUKIC: Thank you.
12 JUDGE ORIE: -- what 0 degrees and 66 degrees stands for.
13 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
14 Can we have -- yeah, we have on our screens 1D5723.
15 We need -- it's testimony of Witness Ismet Hadzic in the case the
16 Prosecutor versus Stanislav Galic. We need page 76 in e-court, and that
17 would correspond to -- should correspond to the page 12215 from this
18 transcript, line 13. This witness was asked and he marked a map, and
19 I -- he said, I quote:
20 "Q. You marked on the map with a dot and a number '4' beside it,
21 a particular position. Could you tell us what that position is.
22 "A. That's commander of the one of the battalions. I think that
23 was the command of the 2nd Battalion."
24 [Interpretation] Ms. Subotic said that there was a unit command
25 post there, the unit is specified here. She also mentioned the entrance
Page 39258
1 to the tunnel.
2 Q. Ms. Subotic, let me ask you this: Was this place shelled by the
3 Serb side?
4 A. Yes, but from another side. There are other traces but they were
5 not caused by projectiles coming from this direction.
6 Q. Thank you.
7 MR. LUKIC: I've finished with this incident, I'll move on.
8 MR. WEBER: Could I just have a reference if the counsel has the
9 map that's being referred to by this individual uploaded, a 65 ter?
10 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, otherwise it will be difficult to comprehend.
11 MR. LUKIC: Can we have 1D01406, please. This is the map that
12 Witness Ismet Hadzic marked during the trial in the case versus
13 Stanislav Galic.
14 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Where can we find the number 4?
15 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
16 Q. Ms. Subotic, where can we find number 4?
17 MR. LUKIC: Can this middle part be enlarged, please?
18 JUDGE FLUEGGE: I mean the dot with the number 4 next to it.
19 MR. LUKIC: I know where it is, but --
20 JUDGE MOLOTO: [Microphone not activated]
21 MR. LUKIC: I know. That's why I asked the middle part of this
22 map to be enlarged to be better visible, please.
23 Q. [Interpretation] Ms. Subotic, can you see it on the map? Can you
24 see point number 4?
25 A. It should be around here, but I can't see it clearly. I don't
Page 39259
1 see the figure 4, but I think it's around here where the arrow is,
2 actually. The red part.
3 Q. [In English] Can you circle what you think that it is?
4 A. [Marks]
5 MR. LUKIC: Can this be saved as the next Defence exhibit,
6 please.
7 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Could the witness first explain what is the area
8 she encircled? What is to be found there in your view?
9 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber, you're on your feet but you're still
10 silent. I wait until --
11 MR. WEBER: I was waiting until -- I know Judge Fluegge posed a
12 question, so I didn't to want interrupt.
13 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
14 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Ms. Subotic, can you answer my question?
15 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I apologise. I did not hear it.
16 JUDGE FLUEGGE: You encircled a certain feature, but I -- what is
17 it? What in your view is situated there?
18 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] In my view, it is the battalion
19 command on the ABiH side that we mentioned.
20 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Thank you.
21 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
22 MR. WEBER: I believe the document had been tendered --
23 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, it has been tendered.
24 MR. WEBER: -- and that's why I raise -- Your Honour, with the
25 caveat -- I understand the witness has marked on it and we now need to
Page 39260
1 admit the screen capture of what's marked there. I do have an express
2 concern based on what was just led from the witness's testimony and what
3 may be in-court markings versus pre-markings and multiple different
4 numbers on it. So it's not clear -- I guess the objection in part --
5 concerned in part as to the reliability of what we are admitting and what
6 the record is in relation to it.
7 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Because the map was introduced by you,
8 Mr. Lukic, and exclusively by you, and then you read a portion of what
9 was to be seen at number 4, and then you asked the witness whether she
10 could circle 4 and then asked what that was.
11 Now, as leading as can be, I would say, the witness only said
12 that a person was not shelled but -- or was shelled, I don't know, but
13 that was the initial question. And then you led her skillfully to the
14 answer, and it was leading as can be, but Mr. Weber does not object.
15 Therefore, Madam Registrar, the number would be?
16 MR. WEBER: Just to succinctly put it: I am not objecting
17 because it's an in-court marked document by the witness. We do have a
18 reservation because there is a witness who has not testified in the
19 trial, evidence that has not been heard by the Chamber, and the clarity
20 in terms of that evidence as what's been posed we do have concerns --
21 reservations about.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Yes --
23 MR. LUKIC: That's why we --
24 JUDGE ORIE: -- the expression of concerns and reservations are
25 not an obstacle to admission.
Page 39261
1 Madam Registrar.
2 THE REGISTRAR: The photo of document 1D01406 with green witness
3 remarks receives Exhibit Number D1253, Your Honours.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Admitted into evidence.
5 MR. LUKIC: We would just add that this was the Prosecution
6 witness in another case, and if they have any doubts they should raise it
7 here.
8 JUDGE ORIE: It's not about --
9 MR. LUKIC: Or not maybe today.
10 JUDGE ORIE: It's not about doubt. You totally misunderstood the
11 concerns expressed by Mr. Weber.
12 MR. LUKIC: But Ms. Subotic previously, we have it on the record,
13 testified that she knows that in that area was a command of one of the
14 practice brigades and entrance to the tunnel.
15 JUDGE ORIE: And then you showed -- and then you read to her a
16 statement which says where exactly it is to be found; namely, at number
17 4. Then this witness tried to find number 4 on that map, and then asked
18 what was there, she referred to what that other witness in that other
19 case had said already. And that's leading and it's no more no less.
20 It's not -- it's admitted into evidence. But please try to understand,
21 it really is leading, Mr. Lukic.
22 MR. LUKIC: Is it leading if it's in the report already?
23 JUDGE ORIE: Well, I don't know. You have --
24 MR. LUKIC: It is in the report.
25 JUDGE ORIE: -- not taken us to the report.
Page 39262
1 MR. LUKIC: It is in the report, in the report we have in front
2 of us.
3 JUDGE ORIE: Is --
4 MR. LUKIC: And I will give a footnote, just a second.
5 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. But then it's still leading, but then you say
6 it's already somewhere there. We'll carefully check that.
7 MR. LUKIC: Just for the record --
8 JUDGE ORIE: I don't --
9 MR. LUKIC: -- it's footnote 195 from this report that we have in
10 front of us.
11 JUDGE ORIE: 195. We'll have a look at it. It's admitted --
12 JUDGE MOLOTO: In front of us we have a map.
13 MR. LUKIC: The report we are discussing today, Your Honour. You
14 are right. It's 1D5498. Footnote 195.
15 JUDGE MOLOTO: But --
16 JUDGE ORIE: And that -- did that include the testimony of that
17 witness? Is that part of it as well, transcript pages, or just the
18 document? If you would read the footnote --
19 MR. LUKIC: Yeah --
20 JUDGE ORIE: Because --
21 MR. LUKIC: -- it is testimony of this witness.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Including with the map?
23 MR. LUKIC: Testimony --
24 JUDGE ORIE: Exhibit?
25 MR. LUKIC: Both. 195 is testimony, it's 1D5723. And since it's
Page 39263
1 testimony in front of this court, we cannot offer it into evidence. We
2 have to read it. And 196. And also map under 195. Under 1D1406.
3 Everything in the same footnote.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Yell. So you say it's totally useless to present
5 all this. You could just have tendered this as sources. But let's
6 leave it, it's admitted.
7 MR. LUKIC: Thank you.
8 JUDGE ORIE: It's admitted. The questioning as such was leading,
9 but we do understand that the witness had referred to -- by reference,
10 not lines read, but has referred to the same material which you now put
11 to her.
12 Please proceed.
13 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
14 I would move now to G-6 incident. It's page 99 in English and
15 page 98 in B/C/S.
16 Q. [Interpretation] This is the incident when three mortar shells
17 fell in the area of Alipasino Polje on 22 January 1994. The first fell
18 on Rade Koncar Square, the second outside a building in Cetinjska 3, and
19 the third outside a building in Klare Cetkin Street number 4.
20 In two police reports it is said that the shells had fallen and
21 exploded in these places. You have before you --
22 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Let's move one page forward. See
23 picture 33.
24 JUDGE MOLOTO: Is it 33 or 53?
25 MR. LUKIC: Did I say -- no, it should be 53.
Page 39264
1 JUDGE MOLOTO: Thank you.
2 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
3 Q. Ms. Subotic, what did you note as a problem in this case?
4 A. The main problem in this case is that the finding of police
5 investigators was different from the scene of crime technicians'
6 findings, the crime-scene officers who analysed the shell traces in this
7 incident, and the final finding was given by Captain Verdy. The
8 investigators established that in Klare Cetkin Street and the other
9 street there were 82-millimetres shells, and in Rade Koncar Square --
10 THE INTERPRETER: Could the witness please slow down.
11 JUDGE ORIE: Witness, stop. You are invited to slow down because
12 your speed of speech --
13 THE WITNESS: Sorry.
14 JUDGE ORIE: -- causes difficulties for the interpreters.
15 Please proceed.
16 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] In Rade Koncar Square, the shell
17 was 120-millimetres. The difference: UNPROFOR, that is to say, Captain
18 Verdy, was of the opinion that three 120-millimetre shells exploded, and
19 the scene of crime officer who investigated the scene thought the same;
20 whereas investigators found that in Cetinjska and Klare Cetkin streets it
21 was 82-millimetre shells, whereas only the Rade Koncar Square shell was
22 120 millimetres. That was the main reason why we had to investigate what
23 really happened.
24 Maybe I should add that Mr. Higgs put his trust in Bosnian
25 investigators without noticing that even they are not in agreement with
Page 39265
1 their own scene of crime technicians.
2 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
3 Q. You mentioned the report of Captain Verdy.
4 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] I would like to see in e-court
5 65 ter 10570. [In English] Can we have the next page in B/C/S, please.
6 Q. [Interpretation] Do you recognise this document, Ms. Subotic?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. What is the most important thing about this report?
9 A. The key thing in this report is that Captain Verdy provided a
10 detailed crater analysis, determined the directions, provided
11 photographs, and he even estimated the angle of descent.
12 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Are you certain that we have the right version on
13 the screen? There is no B/C/S. I see a French document which doesn't
14 correspond with the English.
15 The witness said that she recognises the B/C/S version, but there
16 is no ...
17 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I said so based on the first things
18 in the title.
19 MR. LUKIC: Is there a B/C/S version? Because I saw one during
20 our preparations.
21 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, perhaps we have a French and an English version
22 apparently.
23 MR. LUKIC: Yes, there is no space for the third one.
24 JUDGE ORIE: Well, there is space in e-court but I don't know
25 whether --
Page 39266
1 JUDGE FLUEGGE: And they are not identical.
2 JUDGE ORIE: -- it is in e-court.
3 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Can you check?
4 JUDGE ORIE: Sometimes we have three versions in e-court.
5 So they are not the same documents and they are not -- and the
6 one is in French and the other is in English. The content is totally
7 different.
8 Mr. Lukic, perhaps you reorganise your --
9 MR. LUKIC: But the Prosecution 65 ter number so ...
10 JUDGE ORIE: But I take it that you have checked before you'd
11 use --
12 MR. LUKIC: But we will --
13 JUDGE ORIE: -- this sloppy material, if it is. This seems to be
14 the one. This seems to be to -- we now have to the left what seems to be
15 an original French version, and to the right we have an English
16 translation.
17 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, we were just checking and there might
18 be -- there is multiple versions of this material on our exhibit list.
19 To suggest 65 ter 18013, it appears to be the same document but
20 has a B/C/S translation attached to it. So there is an original French
21 version, there is an English translation for the related pages that are
22 in French, and then there is also a B/C/S version and --
23 JUDGE ORIE: And it covers exactly the same in totality?
24 MR. WEBER: Yes, we just verified the ERNs, yes.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
Page 39267
1 Mr. Lukic --
2 MR. LUKIC: We would accept kind offer from my learned friend.
3 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. Could we then look at the number just
4 referred to?
5 MR. LUKIC: 18013.
6 Q. [Interpretation] You have told us what Captain Verdy did. What
7 were his findings consistent with? Did Verdy confirm some Bosnian
8 investigators' findings and not others?
9 A. Verdy confirmed that the findings of the scene of crime officers;
10 namely that all the three shells that fell in this area were of
11 120 millimetres, and he's not in agreement with the directions determined
12 by the CSB investigators. Their directions were Nedzarici - namely, the
13 Institute for the Blind - whereas Verdy determined in mils the south-west
14 direction.
15 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Mr. Lukic, can you direct us to the respective
16 page of this document where we can find anything about Captain Verdy and
17 his conclusions?
18 MR. LUKIC: Can we go to page 2, please. And conclusion
19 continues on page 3 as well. And next page in B/C/S as well so
20 Ms. Subotic can see it.
21 Q. [Interpretation] We see here, Ms. Subotic, the conclusions in
22 mils. Did you convert it into degrees?
23 A. These mils are 236 degrees and the other indication in mils is
24 239 degrees. That's on page 105.
25 Q. In B/C/S, you mean. Could you tell us the paragraph?
Page 39268
1 A. 68.
2 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Now, just as a reference, as
3 instructed by Judge Orie, I shall say that Exhibit P865 speaks to this.
4 We have the difference in calibres, that's page 1 in English and page 5
5 in B/C/S, 120 millimetres. Page 2 in English, second paragraph from the
6 top, in B/C/S/ page 4, that last paragraph, there is a reference to an
7 82-millimetre shell.
8 Again in English page 3, the first and third paragraphs, and
9 page 5, paragraph 3 in B/C/S, another reference to an 82-millimetre
10 shell. Page 4 in English and page 7 in B/C/S, a document from the higher
11 court in Sarajevo mentioning a 120-millimetre shell. Page 7 in English
12 and page 12 in B/C/S, a reference to a 120-millimetre shell. Page 8 in
13 English, page 14 in B/C/S, under item 6, record of the crime scene
14 inspection of the site. Paragraph 3 in English, and page 15 in B/C/S, an
15 82-millimetre shell is mentioned.
16 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Mr. Lukic, I am not able to follow. What are
17 you --
18 MR. LUKIC: Then I have to go to the document.
19 JUDGE FLUEGGE: No, I just want to know what kind of document you
20 are referring to.
21 MR. LUKIC: It's --
22 JUDGE FLUEGGE: We have no idea.
23 MR. LUKIC: It's P865, it's the evidence in our case, the
24 Prosecution evidence --
25 JUDGE FLUEGGE: But what is it?
Page 39269
1 MR. LUKIC: It is compilation of the documents that deal with
2 this incident in Klare Cetkin.
3 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Thank you. This was missing in your
4 introduction.
5 MR. LUKIC: I thought that I said it.
6 JUDGE FLUEGGE: No.
7 MR. LUKIC: Sorry if I missed it.
8 JUDGE ORIE: Do I understand that you pointed at pages where you
9 found evidence which was not consistent as to the calibre and --
10 MR. LUKIC: Different calibres, yes.
11 JUDGE ORIE: Different calibres.
12 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
13 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. So you pointed at the --
14 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
15 JUDGE ORIE: -- variety of the calibres that are mentioned in
16 that report.
17 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
18 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you. Please proceed.
19 MR. LUKIC: Then again English page 8, the last paragraph, B/C/S
20 page 16, paragraph 1. It says -- it mentions both, 120 millimetres and
21 82 millimetres, that the fin is from one and markings from the other one.
22 And on page English version 9 and B/C/S version 16, it's mentioned that
23 it's 120-millimetres mortar shell.
24 JUDGE ORIE: And now a question for the witness?
25 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
Page 39270
1 JUDGE ORIE: Please.
2 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
3 Q. Ms. Subotic, did you come to any conclusion, why are there
4 discrepancies, why some of the calibres shown inaccurately?
5 A. First of all, we determined which calibres were involved exactly.
6 Based on a very detailed analysis reflected in our report, we noted that
7 the Klare Cetkin Street shells, mines, and in the other street were
8 82 millimetres. The exact trajectory of descent was established back in
9 2003, and even Mr. Sabljica agreed with them in court because we
10 confronted him with our measurements, and we concluded that after the
11 entire analysis --
12 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
13 MR. WEBER: Your Honour, for about the best page and a half,
14 there has been different concepts coming up on the record between
15 trajectories, direction to fire, now angles of descent, and calibres, and
16 they are getting a little muddled, I believe, on the record. If we could
17 be clear as to what we are talking about.
18 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. The issue was calibres. Could you please, for
19 the time being, stick to that, Witness.
20 And when you say "even Mr. Sabljica agreed with them in court
21 because we confronted him," did you confront him in court with anything,
22 or do you mean by "we" the Defence?
23 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] About directions.
24 JUDGE ORIE: I asked you whether you meant --
25 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I meant the Defence, but I was
Page 39271
1 assisting the Defence, sitting in the courtroom, and I participated in
2 this examination, that's why I said "we." We put to Mr. Sabljica our
3 measurements.
4 JUDGE ORIE: There is no need at this moment to further elaborate
5 on it. I have got an answer to my question.
6 Could you limit yourself to the calibres. But at the same time,
7 Mr. Ivetic, I see we are --
8 MR. LUKIC: Mr. Ivetic is sitting. This is Mr. Lukic.
9 JUDGE ORIE: I'm sorry.
10 MR. LUKIC: We are all tired.
11 JUDGE ORIE: You're all in the same line, drawn imaginary --
12 MR. LUKIC: Of fire, you mean.
13 JUDGE ORIE: -- imaginary line --
14 MR. LUKIC: Fire coming from that direction.
15 JUDGE ORIE: Yes.
16 JUDGE FLUEGGE: The other way around.
17 JUDGE ORIE: The source of fire still to be established.
18 It's time for a break, unless you could finish in --
19 MR. LUKIC: Yes, it is, Your Honour. We can go to the break.
20 JUDGE ORIE: We take a break, and we would like to see you back
21 in 20 minutes.
22 [The witness stands down]
23 JUDGE ORIE: We resume at 1.30.
24 --- Recess taken at 1.10 p.m.
25 --- On resuming at 1.37 p.m.
Page 39272
1 JUDGE ORIE: It's me that has to apologise for the late start,
2 not the Chamber as a whole.
3 Could the witness be escorted into -- unless, Mr. Tieger, you
4 would need more than one or two minutes.
5 MR. TIEGER: Maybe slightly more.
6 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, then we'll wait for the witness to be escorted
7 into the courtroom until you have addressed the Court.
8 MR. TIEGER: Thank you, Mr. President.
9 Two matters I'd like to raise. The first is the following: On
10 the 15th of December, the Defence re-filed its motion to re-add a witness
11 to its witness list and admit the evidence pursuant to 92 bis. We
12 responded to their original motion to do so on the 1st of September.
13 This has been a series of transactions as the Court may recall. But in
14 this case, our review of their current re-filing reveals that paragraph 3
15 of our earlier response in which we sought the redaction of evidence
16 related to acts and conduct is now moot because that evidence has, in
17 fact, been redacted. But our review of the motion itself and our
18 response reveals that our positions as set out otherwise remain.
19 So if it meets with the Court's approval with that understanding,
20 particularly with regard to paragraph 3 of our response, we would propose
21 to rely on our earlier filed response and not go through another filing.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, any objection against part of the
23 admission -- of the --
24 MR. LUKIC: We do not have objection.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. So then this is an oral response saying that
Page 39273
1 you stick to your old position apart from that one issue.
2 MR. TIEGER: Thank you, Mr. President.
3 JUDGE ORIE: That's hereby on the record.
4 MR. TIEGER: The second matter is this. As we're all aware, we
5 recently passed the dead-line set by the Chamber for the Defence to file
6 any remaining evidentiary motions including 92 bis or quater motions not
7 directly connected to the testimony of upcoming witnesses.
8 We have noted the absence of any bar table motions which would,
9 on its face, seem to fall within the category of "any remaining
10 evidentiary motions." We don't know whether the Defence intentionally
11 declined to file bar table submissions or whether they regarded the
12 instructions as not encompassing such submissions, and in addition, we
13 don't presume to tell the Trial Chamber what was definitively encompassed
14 by those instructions.
15 Instead, we raise the matter simply to ensure that there are no
16 unnecessary surprises and accompanying delays in the waning days of the
17 case. Not only would a large bar table submission risk delaying the
18 conclusion of the case on its own, but it would also potentially affect
19 the rebuttal calculus and thus risk further delay to the closing date.
20 So if the issue is resolved, then no problem. But one way or
21 another, we seek to avoid the risk of large submissions at the end of the
22 case that require corresponding time both to respond and to rule on and
23 might needlessly protract the case. So we thought it prudent at this
24 stage to raise the issue.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, any response?
Page 39274
1 MR. IVETIC: If it's okay, I can perhaps give a more succinct
2 response since I deal with the filings.
3 JUDGE ORIE: Well, usually it's given by counsel but not by a
4 member of the Defence team, but if Mr. Lukic invites you to do that, then
5 we'll listen.
6 MR. LUKIC: Yes, I do.
7 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, please proceed, Mr. Ivetic.
8 MR. IVETIC: I can, of course, clarify and perhaps because --
9 well, Your Honours will remember your guidance at the beginning of this
10 case, that the parties should file their bar table submissions at the end
11 of their cases, so we did not foresee your 18 September dead-line as to
12 92 bis or 92 quater motions as encompassing the bar table submissions.
13 We --
14 JUDGE ORIE: I think that the language we used was "all
15 evidentiary submissions" and not limited to 92 ter and 92 bis or quater.
16 MR. IVETIC: Well, I believe it was relating to witnesses, but we
17 can check that. But in any event, the Prosecution received approximately
18 a month or two after their last witness to do bar table submissions so we
19 think it's in the interests of justice and fairness that the Defence have
20 a similar ability that the Prosecution enjoyed. We can't change the
21 rules at the mid-game to have the Prosecution have one set of rules and
22 the Defence to have another set of rules.
23 JUDGE ORIE: But what could we expect? I mean for scheduling
24 purposes, it's good to know whether -- and that's what, I think, what
25 Mr. Tieger was hinting at, is what is there to be still expected? No
Page 39275
1 further -- I think there are two filings for witnesses which were late,
2 and we'll consider whether -- we have not heard from the Prosecution yet
3 that they would oppose, despite being slightly late, being admitted. But
4 in that respect, that's the first part.
5 Is there anything else which would --
6 MR. IVETIC: We do intend to be filing a bar table submission.
7 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. But.
8 MR. IVETIC: We haven't --
9 JUDGE ORIE: But no further witnesses, therefore. That's clear
10 then. 92 bis, 92 ter, 92 quater --
11 MR. IVETIC: There is that one that I mentioned of a Rule 70
12 witness which is in the process of being finalised to be filed. We are
13 converting him from what had been perceived to be a 92 ter to a 92 bis.
14 That's the only one that comes to mind as being a 92 bis, quater, in that
15 category. So all other witnesses will be presented in court.
16 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Then to the extent our dead-line covered
17 witnesses, I think it was limited to 92 bis and 92 quater as my colleague
18 tells me, not necessarily to a 92 ter if a witness is on the witness
19 list.
20 Now bar table motions.
21 MR. IVETIC: Yes.
22 JUDGE ORIE: What could we expect there?
23 MR. IVETIC: We anticipate filing a bar table motion. We have
24 not completed nor even made much headway in terms of examining all of the
25 documents that are the potential for the bar table motion, that is to say
Page 39276
1 that are on both parties Rule 65 ter lists. We are in the process of
2 analysing all those and hope to have a filing that will encompass
3 everything that we want to be admitted. And we are preparing a schedule
4 for that that we were going to present essentially asking for the same
5 time-period that the Prosecution had upon the end of its last witness in
6 court, who was the expert Theunens, and the filing of their last bar
7 table submission, which I -- I again hate to speak off the top of my head
8 as to dates, but I believe it was a month or two after that witness that
9 the final bar table submission was filed. And there were several that
10 were filed with multiple documents. I think one had 700 documents that I
11 had to respond to.
12 So I understand the concerns by the Prosecution. They are the
13 same concerns that the Defence had to suffer under and do, and we're
14 asking for a fair opportunity to make use of bar table submissions in the
15 same manner as the Prosecution was allowed to do in their case as we
16 believe -- no, the ...
17 JUDGE ORIE: I think you made your point clear, Mr. Ivetic.
18 MR. IVETIC: Okay.
19 JUDGE ORIE: The Chamber will consider it.
20 Two matters: First the interpretation of evidentiary motions;
21 second, the -- the bar table motions, how that -- how exactly we dealt
22 with that and how we will deal with it now.
23 No further matters? Could the witness then be escorted into the
24 courtroom.
25 And the Chamber will also consider, Mr. Ivetic, whether we'll ask
Page 39277
1 for further details such as an assessment of whether it will be
2 200 documents or 2.000 documents of all those that you are still
3 considering.
4 MR. TIEGER: I didn't want to take additional time to raise the
5 issue of the circumstances in which the Prosecution bar table motions
6 were filed or at what time or how many. It didn't seem the appropriate
7 time. But if that's going to play a role in the Court's consideration of
8 the schedule, I'm happy to respond at some point.
9 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Ivetic referred to how we treated the
10 Prosecution and gave a short sketch of that. If you think that it's --
11 it needs in any way any further explanation or elaboration, then of
12 course in due course -- because the Chamber will consider of course
13 everything that was said.
14 [The witness takes the stand]
15 JUDGE ORIE: Then in due course you could give us any further
16 elaboration or clarification you may need useful.
17 You may proceed, Mr. Lukic.
18 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
19 Can we have 1D5498 on our screens, please.
20 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
21 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, I rise just because we are moving on to
22 a different document. On the screen before the break with was
23 65 ter 18013. I just want to alert the Chamber that that a version of
24 that document has been admitted already as Exhibit D178. However, it
25 does not have -- that admitted version does not have all the related
Page 39278
1 translations that were being looked at at the time of trial which are all
2 available under 65 ter 18013. So we have no objection to replacing
3 Exhibit D178 with the 65 ter used in court.
4 MR. LUKIC: Thank you.
5 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Lukic, I think it would be best to have the
6 original French and then the English and the B/C/S translations there.
7 So there 65 ter 18013 should now replace what is now known as
8 Exhibit D17 -- D178, yes.
9 Please proceed.
10 MR. LUKIC: Thank you.
11 JUDGE ORIE: To the extent necessary, not only it should replace
12 but the Registry is instructed to replace.
13 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
14 Q. Ms. Subotic, we are now on incident G-6. I hope you have your
15 report in front of you on the screen.
16 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] We need page 107 in English, 106 in
17 B/C/S. Photograph 56.
18 Q. Apart from you, what do we see on this photograph?
19 A. We see the marked traces of the detonation of the shell, and we
20 see the tape stretched in the direction of the central axis.
21 Q. On what basis did you make your conclusions in this case?
22 A. In this case, as we can see on the picture, we made our
23 conclusions about the direction of fire and the calibre of the shell
24 based on the size of the crater and the traces of fragments. You can see
25 they reach up to 3 metres, almost up to the middle of the street, and it
Page 39279
1 was rather simple to determine directions which we show here with this
2 white tape.
3 Q. Can you tell us now, is it different to what the Bosnian
4 investigators determined?
5 A. Yes, it's different. We determined 237, which means south-west.
6 And they determined direction west, Nedzarici, Institute for the Blind.
7 MR. LUKIC: Can we have enlarged only English picture on our
8 screen. I would ask Ms. Subotic to mark that picture.
9 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Excuse me, what do you want me to
10 mark?
11 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation]
12 Q. Could you please mark on this photograph the direction
13 established by the Bosnian investigators who worked on this case?
14 A. [Marks]
15 JUDGE ORIE: Could you indicate what angle you approximately
16 took? It looks to me as something close to 50, 60, or 70 degrees from
17 the ...
18 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes, they determined the direction
19 of Nedzarici, where the angle is 270 degrees, and we established a
20 direction of 237 degrees. That's how the difference should be shown.
21 And this arrow should come from the west, the westerly direction. It's
22 very difficult to show it precisely in this slanted projection.
23 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, I see that. So the difference is, as a matter
24 of fact, 33 degrees, and you intended to depict a difference in direction
25 of 33 degrees and not 50, 60, or 70.
Page 39280
1 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Yes, yes.
2 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you. Please proceed.
3 MR. LUKIC: Thank you for your help, Your Honour. We would just
4 offer this photo into evidence.
5 MR. WEBER: No objection.
6 JUDGE ORIE: Madam Registrar.
7 THE REGISTRAR: The photo on page 107 of the document 1D05498
8 receives Exhibit Number D1254, Your Honours, marked by the witness.
9 JUDGE ORIE: Please proceed. And is admitted into evidence.
10 MR. LUKIC: Thank you, Your Honour.
11 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, at page 72, line 21, there is a angle
12 quoted as 270 degrees. It if counsel could just -- or the witness even,
13 I'm having trouble finding that in the report or documents.
14 JUDGE ORIE: If you could assist, please. Or if the witness
15 could assist.
16 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Do you want me to answer?
17 JUDGE ORIE: If you could, yes, please.
18 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] In the findings of the Sarajevo
19 police, it says that the direction was "west, Nedzarici, Institute for
20 the Blind." The exact azimuth for the Institute for the Blind concerning
21 this incident is 266 degrees, and the exact azimuth of west is, as we all
22 know, 270 degrees.
23 MR. LUKIC: And we can find that at page 106 of English version
24 and 105 of B/C/S version. It's in the text.
25 JUDGE ORIE: And you are referring to the?
Page 39281
1 MR. LUKIC: To this report that is --
2 JUDGE ORIE: But to the e-court pages?
3 MR. LUKIC: E-court pages, yes, Your Honour. 106 in English
4 version.
5 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Before we move there, we should admit this --
6 MR. LUKIC: Yes.
7 JUDGE FLUEGGE: -- marked photograph.
8 MR. LUKIC: I think --
9 JUDGE ORIE: I think I --
10 MR. LUKIC: It was admitted, yes. Just [overlapping speakers] --
11 JUDGE ORIE: -- said it was admitted.
12 JUDGE FLUEGGE: Thank you.
13 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. Yes.
14 Please proceed.
15 MR. LUKIC: Thank you.
16 Q. [Interpretation] So, Ms. Subotic, did the Bosnian investigators
17 use the same method as you?
18 A. Yes. Although they did not document it in any way.
19 Q. Did they draw on a sketch what they found on the ground?
20 A. No.
21 Q. Thank you. Now, I'd like to ask you something about the second
22 shell that exploded in Cetinjska Street. Tell us briefly what was
23 characteristic of that shell?
24 A. In that place, also the investigators claimed that it was an
25 82-millimetre shell, the scenes of crime officer said it was a
Page 39282
1 120-millimetre shell, and Captain Verdy said the same. Captain Verdy
2 gave an accurate azimuth, and they stuck to the Nedzarici direction, the
3 Institute for the Blind.
4 I mean, we have the same discord, the same disagreement as we had
5 about the point of landing of the shell. That's what I would call
6 characteristic of this case.
7 MR. LUKIC: [Interpretation] Could we now look at page 111 from
8 document 1D5498 in English. And page 110 in B/C/S. We need picture 60.
9 [In English] Actually, we would ask figure 60 to be enlarged only
10 from the English version, to have only that on our screen.
11 Q. [Interpretation] We see Mr. Hogan on this picture. And what
12 else?
13 A. In this photograph, we see the site of the landing of the shell
14 in Cetinjska number 3. We see very clearly the trace of the explosion on
15 the asphalt. Why did we do this? Because that street, when we visited,
16 had been paved over so we didn't see the original traces. They were not
17 there. Then we used the footage of Mr. Barry Hogan, which was made in
18 2001.
19 Q. On this photograph, would you be able to mark the direction
20 determined by the Bosnian investigators concerning the incident?
21 A. I can.
22 Q. Using the same photograph, could you mark the direction
23 determined by Captain Verdy in his report?
24 A. [Marks]
25 Q. The first line, as the angle determined by the Bosnian
Page 39283
1 investigators, mark it with a 1 and the other one with a 2.
2 A. [Marks]
3 Q. Did you try to determine the incoming direction of the shell?
4 A. We did try to do that based on the footage, and our result was
5 very close to that of Captain Verdy.
6 Q. The direction being the one marked with the number 2 on the
7 photograph; correct?
8 A. Yes.
9 Q. How do you explain these discrepancies if the same method was
10 used?
11 A. I will need some more specific parameters to respond. Given the
12 fact that the same method was used but it was not documented how it was
13 used, I wouldn't be able to give you a full reply because I would need to
14 go through it all to be able to tell you where the mistake lay.
15 Q. Very well. In your view, what did you determine? From which
16 territory did the projectile come?
17 A. Having examined the traces we had in detail and having conducted
18 an analysis on the basis of Barry Hogan's footage, we determined that
19 Captain Verdy accurately measured the incoming trajectory. But he based
20 his calculations on some wrong photographs based on the asphalt traces at
21 the location where the shells landed. When the error is corrected, we
22 arrive at 236 and 239 degrees.
23 Since both Captain Verdy and we determined that, based on the
24 characteristics of the weapons, the shells were fired from one and the
25 same weapon, it was our conclusion that the shells were fired from an
Page 39284
1 area close to the Institute for the Blind, and the distance is 3.720
2 metres. We were able to be so precise simply because of the fact that
3 the shells were fired from the same weapon.
4 MR. LUKIC: We would just offer this into evidence, and if you
5 have more questions?
6 JUDGE ORIE: Mr. Weber.
7 MR. WEBER: Your Honours, during the course of the examinations,
8 I haven't been objecting to leading. However, there are assumptions of
9 facts that the Bosnian investigators determined the direction of fire to
10 be. I don't understand her report to exactly be saying that. And with
11 that caveat, though, I understand she's marked the photo and it's going
12 to get admitted, but just based on the record, we do not accept the --
13 the leading nature and the assumption of the direction determined by the
14 Bosnian investigators.
15 JUDGE ORIE: That's hereby on the record.
16 Madam Registrar.
17 MR. LUKIC: When we -- I offer this one into evidence, and then
18 we'll move to the next photo and it might be easier.
19 JUDGE ORIE: That's why I asked Madam Registrar to provide a
20 number.
21 THE REGISTRAR: Figure 60 of page 111 of the English version of
22 the document 1D05498 with witness remarks receives Exhibit Number D1255,
23 Your Honours.
24 JUDGE ORIE: D1255 is admitted into evidence.
25 Witness, could you explain a bit more in detail, "that the shells
Page 39285
1 were fired from an area close to the Institute for the Blind and the
2 distance is 3.720 metres." And you say:
3 "We were able to be so precise simply because of the fact that
4 the shells were fired from the same weapon."
5 Now, this suggests that you --
6 MR. LUKIC: I --
7 JUDGE ORIE: -- would know --
8 MR. LUKIC: One correction.
9 JUDGE ORIE: Yes?
10 MR. LUKIC: I don't know whether it was recorded that way. Its
11 not "Institute for the Blind" but "UPI," "UPI."
12 JUDGE ORIE: Okay. That doesn't change my question that much.
13 Because if you have to establish from where a mortar was fired, to say we
14 can be very precise because they came from the same weapon, if you don't
15 know where that weapon is, the fact that you have two impacts does not
16 help you greatly, does it?
17 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] I did not provide all the details
18 in my answer but I will do so now. We had two strikes within a short
19 period of time. The ranges of both shells differ by 15 metres. For the
20 mortar in question, the degree of error is 20 metres. Therefore, from
21 two different locations you could not have two shells in such a small
22 area from the same direction in the same VD --
23 THE INTERPRETER: Interpreter's note: The witness doesn't
24 explain the abbreviation.
25 JUDGE ORIE: Could you explain what VD stands for?
Page 39286
1 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Because it is a characteristic of
2 dispersion by distance. Perhaps I should have explained that. It is
3 according to the tables.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. And could you also explain to me what degree
5 of error you had in your mind? You said it was 20 metres.
6 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] 20 metres comes from the tables of
7 dispersion that relate to the shells of 120 millimetres. The range
8 difference between the two shells, which landed in a very short period of
9 time, is 15 metres, meaning that it would be a strike within a single VD,
10 making it very precise even by mortar standards -- or single mortar
11 standards.
12 JUDGE ORIE: But shouldn't you then know whether there was any
13 adjustment at the firing position, any adjustment to the angle of firing
14 or -- in order to draw such conclusions?
15 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Not this conclusion. But the
16 adjustment of direction of firing was calculated and we processed it
17 because the two shells landed along the axis of 200 metres with the same
18 range. Expert Higgs also stated that whoever was firing those shots must
19 have made firing corrections; however, this does not make our conclusion
20 that it was fired from the same weapon any more questionable. The same
21 conclusion was reached by Verdy and Higgs.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Yes, I was not asking you about the -- whether the
23 conclusion that it was fired from the same weapon, whether there was any
24 problem with that. I asked you how from that fact you could be so
25 precise of 3.720 metres?
Page 39287
1 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] It is very simple. When you have
2 the fact that the same weapon was used to fire them, then you simply draw
3 the directions as defined on the location where the shells landed,
4 according to the bearing, and they must insect at a certain point. That
5 gives you the distance.
6 JUDGE ORIE: I see that. But you were saying 3.720 metres.
7 Earlier you explained to us that on the basis of the pattern it would
8 be -- and you remember that other case where you said, well, 10 to
9 20 degrees it was. So there is apparently quite a margin of the
10 direction of the origin of fire, which, as far as I understand, would
11 have an impact on the accuracy and the position of the distance, that's
12 where the two lines cross.
13 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Not in this case. Because at the
14 end of our analysis, we established that the bearings taken on the spot
15 were accurate. They were measured by Captain Verdy after the incident.
16 We relied on his results, and based on those we reached a conclusion
17 about the place of firing. All the checks we ran differed very slightly,
18 and we chose to believe his data because he was on the spot immediately
19 after it happened as opposed to us.
20 JUDGE ORIE: But you say then the origin of fire, the direction
21 of the origin of fire, as established by Verdy, there is no margin of
22 error there, that's fixed. You rely on that and that's for certain. Is
23 that how I have to understand your testimony?
24 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] We relied on his results as he
25 measured them.
Page 39288
1 JUDGE ORIE: So your results are as good as his results are?
2 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] There is only a minor difference
3 and we chose to trust him.
4 JUDGE ORIE: Yes. And on what basis do you choose to trust him?
5 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] First and foremost, because our
6 assessment of the incoming trajectory was made on the basis of
7 Barry Hogan's footage because the traces were no longer there, the road
8 had been paved over when we came. When we established that direction and
9 when we realised that there is only a few degrees difference, as in the
10 previous location, we believed it to be more correct to take his results
11 given the fact that he visited the scene.
12 Things would not have been much different, only by a few degrees,
13 if we had relied on ours, but we believed that it would be more correct
14 and accurate to rely on the measurements made on the spot immediately
15 after the incident rather than ten years later. We also analysed the
16 footage and we found it to be more technically accurate to do it this
17 way.
18 JUDGE ORIE: So the results of Verdy were the best you had at
19 that time and that's the reason why you thought it best to rely on those?
20 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Because they matched almost to the
21 degree with what we were able to check on the spot.
22 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you.
23 Please proceed. No, we should not proceed as a matter of fact.
24 We should, as a matter of fact, adjourn for the date.
25 We are not sitting tomorrow because it's a UN holiday, and since
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1 we are not sitting on Friday and have decided quite a while ago that we
2 would not compensate for that one non-sitting day this Friday, it means
3 that we will resume next Monday.
4 I again instruct you not to speak with anyone about your
5 testimony or to communicate in any other way about your testimony, and
6 we'd like to see you back Monday morning and that will be the -- let me
7 just make no mistakes. That will be the -- I'm saved by Madam Registrar.
8 Monday, the 28th of September, 9.30 in the morning, in this same
9 courtroom, I.
10 You may follow the usher.
11 THE WITNESS: [Interpretation] Thank you.
12 [The witness stands down]
13 JUDGE ORIE: I'd like to very briefly deal with one procedural
14 matter for which we have to move into private session.
15 [Private session]
16 (redacted)
17 (redacted)
18 (redacted)
19 (redacted)
20 (redacted)
21 (redacted)
22 (redacted)
23 (redacted)
24 (redacted)
25 (redacted)
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4 (redacted)
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7 (redacted)
8 (redacted)
9 (redacted)
10 (redacted)
11 (redacted)
12 (redacted)
13 (redacted)
14 (redacted)
15 [Open session]
16 THE REGISTRAR: We are in open session, Your Honours.
17 JUDGE ORIE: Thank you, Madam Registrar.
18 We'll adjourn for the day, and we'll resume Monday, the 28th of
19 September, 2015, 9.30 in the morning, in this same courtroom, I.
20 --- Whereupon the hearing adjourned at 2.20 p.m.,
21 to be reconvened on Monday, the 28th day
22 of September, 2015, at 9.30 a.m.
23
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25